Firewood-, coal- or biomass-economizing stove with multiple combustion chamber, thermal insulation, cooking hob and chimney

Abstract

A “rocket” stove that has a plurality of vertical cylindrical cavities containing a combustion chamber, a fuel compartment and a chimney. The vertical cylindrical cavities are connected to a hot-gas chamber where the gases are utilized to heat a hob used in the manner of a griddle. The hob has apertures over the vertical cylindrical cavities, over which the food containers to be heated are placed. The hot-gas chamber has an opening and an exhaust pipe for evacuating the gases from the environment where the stove is used. The stove has a thermal-insulation covering placed between the interior walls thereof and the exterior in order to prevent burns. The exhaust pipe prevents intoxication by smoke inhalation, which commonly arises when cooking over an open fire.

1 . A firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, comprising a prismatic hollow housing, wherein said housing forms a distribution chamber for the hot fumes produced by combustion, which is supported by more than one pedestal, wherein said pedestals are located under said hot fumes distribution chamber, adjacent to one or more of the sides of said chamber; wherein behind said pedestals, opposite thereto with respect to the center of the hot fumes distribution chamber, there is a base supporting part of the weight of the stove for stability and to prevent it to lean to one side;
 wherein the inner surface of said pedestal is covered with a layer of thermal insulation, forming a vertical hollow shaft in the center of said pedestals, which allows a body of air at its top section, and a combustion chamber and fuel compartment in its bottom section; wherein each pedestal has a pair of doors on its wall, preferably oriented towards the periphery of the stove, arranged one above the other and adjacent to the base of said pedestal, wherein the upper door is the access to said fuel chamber located in the lower section of said vertical shaft and the lower door allows for the regulation of air intake to the combustion chamber and allows for the removal of ashes from the bottom of said pedestal, which result from combustion; wherein inside said pedestal there is a horizontal grate located at a height corresponding to the height of the line between said upper and lower doors at the bottom of the vertical shaft, where said grate helps keeping the solid fuel within the fuel compartment and allows the entry of air from beneath it towards the combustion chamber at the same time; wherein said hot fumes distribution chamber has more than one hole in its base, each located in correspondence with one of the vertical hollow shafts of said pedestals and positioned concentrically to said vertical hollow shafts, wherein the bottom and the inner surfaces of said hot fumes distribution chamber are coated with a thermal insulation layer, wherein said holes in the base of the hot fumes distribution chamber also pass through said thermal insulation layer, so that said vertical hollow shafts and said hot fumes distribution chamber are connected through said holes; wherein the top cover of said hot fumes distribution chamber is a griddle that serves as the heat exchanger of the stove, wherein said griddle has more than one opening through its surface, each one disposed in correspondence with each of said vertical hollow shafts of each pedestal, concentric thereto, such that said vertical hollow shaft is located just under said openings; wherein each opening has a loose lid, the same shape of said opening and longer in size, such that said lid rests on said griddle, above said opening; wherein said griddle has an exhaust hole allowing for the release of the hot fumes produced in the combustion from said distribution chamber, wherein on said exhaust hole there is a tube disposed vertically, coupled to said griddle, just above said exhaust hole, wherein said tube forms a chimney to allow for the escape of hot fumes from the stove; wherein said griddle has a variety of long and thin moldings protruding from its lower surface, arranged in a parallel way between said openings and said exhaust hole, so that the leading ends of said moldings are positioned adjacent the openings and the trailing ends of said moldings are positioned adjacent to the edges of the griddle, wherein said moldings function as conduits to distribute the hot fumes within the distribution chamber.   
     
     
         2 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein said upper door has on its inner side a coating of thermal insulation of the same thickness as the rest of the thermal insulation inside said pedestal. 
     
     
         3 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1   claims 1  and  2  wherein each door is held to its respective pedestal preferably by means of hinges affixed to a frame, which in turn is fixed to its pedestal correspondingly, by means of screws, rivets or similar fastening element to secure the pedestal frames. 
     
     
         4 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein on the side of said frames, opposite to that of said hinge, there is a latch for securing the upper and lower doors when they are closed. 
     
     
         5 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein the lower doors can be replaced by other similar element which allow for regulation of air intake and ash removal, such as a sliding window. 
     
     
         6 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein the stove has an accessory to facilitate fuel supply, said accessory consisting of a tray with a height equal to the height of the lower edge of the upper door. 
     
     
         7 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, wherein characterized by comprising a prismatic hollow housing, wherein said housing forms a distribution chamber of the hot fumes produced by combustion, which is supported by more than one pedestal, wherein said pedestals are located under said hot fumes distribution chamber adjacent to one or more of the sides of said chamber;
 wherein behind said pedestals, on the side opposite thereto with respect to the center of the hot fumes distribution chamber, there is a base supporting part of the weight of the stove for stability and to prevent it to lean to one side; wherein the inner surface of said pedestals is covered with a layer of thermal insulation, forming in the center of the pedestals a vertical hollow shaft, allowing a body of air in its upper section and a combustion chamber and the fuel compartment in its bottom section; wherein each pedestal has an entrance to the fuel compartment located in said bottom section of said vertical hollow shaft; wherein the hot fumes distribution chamber has more than one hole in its base, each one located in correspondence with one of the vertical hollow shafts of said pedestals and positioned concentrically to said vertical hollow shafts, wherein the bottom and inner side surfaces of said hot fumes distribution chamber are coated with a thermal insulation layer, wherein said holes in the base of the hot fumes distribution chamber also pass through said thermal insulation layer, so that said vertical hollow shafts and said hot fumes distribution chamber are connected through said holes; wherein the top cover of the hot fumes distribution chamber consists of a griddle that serves as the heat exchanger for the stove; wherein said griddle has more than one opening through its surface, each one arranged in correspondence with each of the vertical hollow shafts of each pedestal, concentric thereto, so that the vertical hollow shafts are located just under the openings; wherein each opening has a loose lid, in the same shape as the openings and greater in size, so that said lid is rests on the griddle, above the opening; wherein the griddle has an exhaust hole allowing for the release of the hot fumes produced in combustion from said distribution chamber; wherein on said exhaust hole there is a tube disposed vertically coupled to the griddle, just above the exhaust hole, wherein said tube forms a chimney to allow the escape of hot fumes from the stove; wherein the griddle has a variety of long and thin moldings protruding from its lower surface, arranged in a parallel way between said openings and said exhaust hole, so that the leading ends of said moldings are positioned adjacent to said openings and the trailing ends of the moldings are positioned adjacent to the edges of said griddle; wherein said moldings function as conduits that distribute the hot fumes inside the distribution chamber.   
     
     
         8 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 7 , wherein the stove has an accessory to facilitate the fuel supply, consisting of a tray with a height equal to the height of the lower edge of the entrance to the fuel compartment. 
     
     
         9 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein said pedestals are preferably cylindrical and the height of said pedestals is preferably larger than the diameter of its base to allow for the combustion chamber to have a volume of air sufficient to achieve the efficiency of combustion. 
     
     
         10 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein said hot fumes distribution chamber is substantially rectangular or square, the length of its sides are substantially greater than its height and its corners are preferably rounded to allow for a better circulation of the hot fumes within it. 
     
     
         11 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein said base is preferably made out of a rectangular plate bent at its center forming a vertex of 90°, where one of its sides parallel to said vertex is fixed to the lower edge of the chamber on its side opposite to the pedestals while the other side parallel to the vertex of the plate is fixed to the bases of the pedestals, forming a cavity in the bottom of the stove used to store firewood or the sections of the chimney. 
     
     
         12 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein said thermal insulation is preferably ceramic, whose function is to insulate the heat at the interior of the stove, avoiding the risk of skin burns from touching the outside of the stove housing. 
     
     
         13 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein said vertical hollow shaft is preferably cylindrical. 
     
     
         14 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein the surface of the base is stamped to provide it with resistance against torsional forces applied to the base. 
     
     
         15 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein said griddle and said loose lids are preferably made out of a material with high thermal conductivity. 
     
     
         16 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein said griddle has a slope in the edges on its upper surface around the openings, on which said loose lids rest, engaging to said slope. 
     
     
         17 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein said lid has a concavity at its center with a horizontal bar separated from the bottom of said concavity, into which a hook is inserted, holding itself to said bar without permanently getting attached thereto, wherein said hook is held by a handle, which is used to grab the lid and uncover the opening of the griddle without touching the lid or the griddle, inserting the hook in said concavity for holding said lid by means of said bar in the center of said concavity and thereby lifting said lid. 
     
     
         18 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein the exhaust hole is preferably disposed on the side of the griddle opposite to that where the openings are placed. 
     
     
         19 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein the chimney is preferably coupled to the griddle by means of a conical base screwed to the said griddle on the exhaust hole. 
     
     
         20 . The firewood, coal- or biomass-economizing stove, according to  claim 1 , wherein said chimney consists of pipe sections assembled one at the end of another.