Preparation method of explosives with differrnt densities and explosives with different density

Abstract

Disclosed are explosives, especially a preparation method for explosives of different densities and explosives of different densities. The method adjusts physical density by adding granular form physical density adjusting agent with 0.5-5.0 mm grain diameter and 0.03-0.30 g/cm3 bulk density when preparing explosives. The method can adjust the explosive's density within a large range to produce the explosives with a wide range of detonation velocity to meet different needs for explosive velocity according to different lithology, and simultaneously meet needs for different explosives in the same blasthole.

1 - 14 . (canceled) 
     
     
         15 . A preparation method of explosives with different densities, characterized in that a granular physical density adjusting agent with the particle size of 0.5-5.0 mm and the bulk density of 0.03-0.30 g/cm 3  is added in the preparation process of the explosives, and the explosives are emulsion explosives or ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives. 
     
     
         16 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 15 , characterized in that the physical density adjusting agent is a granular physical density adjusting agent with the particle size of 2-4 mm and the bulk density of 0.07-0.20 g/cm 3 . 
     
     
         17 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 15 , characterized in that the physical density adjusting agent is a physical density adjusting agent with adsorbability on diesel or without adsorbability on diesel; and the physical density adjusting agent with adsorbability on diesel is of expanded perlite particles and/or dried broken plant particles, and the physical density adjusting agent without adsorbability on diesel is of thermoplastic polymer foam particles. 
     
     
         18 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 17 , characterized in that the thermoplastic polymer foam particles are of one or a mixture of more than two of foam particles of polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene. 
     
     
         19 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 15 , characterized in that when the explosives are emulsion explosives, the preparation method of explosives with different densities comprises the following steps:
 (101) injecting a sensitizing solution into an emulsion base to prepare a mixture I, wherein the weight ratio of the emulsion base to the sensitizing solution is (98-102):(1.0-3.2); and   (102) adding the physical density adjusting agent into the mixture I, and uniformly mixing and sensitizing to obtain the explosives;   wherein the amount of the physical density adjusting agent is 0.1-35% of the weight of the emulsion base.   
     
     
         20 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 15 , characterized in that when the explosives are heavy emulsion explosives in the emulsion explosives, the preparation method of explosives with different densities comprises the following steps:
 (201) injecting a sensitizing solution into an emulsion base to prepare a mixture I,   wherein the weight ratio of the emulsion base to the sensitizing solution is (98-102):(1.0-3.2); and   (202) uniformly mixing porous granular ammonium nitrate with the diesel to prepare a mixture II, and uniformly mixing the mixture I with the mixture II to prepare a mixture III, wherein the content by weight of the emulsion base in the mixture III is above 50%, and the weight ratio of the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the diesel is (93.5-95.5):(4.5-6.5); and   (203) adding the physical density adjusting agent into the mixture III, and uniformly mixing and sensitizing to obtain the explosives, wherein the content by weight of the physical density adjusting agent is 0.1-35% that of the mixture III by weight.   
     
     
         21 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 15 , characterized in that when the explosives are heavy emulsion explosives in the emulsion explosives, the preparation method of explosives with different densities comprises the following steps:
 (301) injecting a sensitizing solution into an emulsion base with negative oxygen balance to prepare a mixture I, wherein the weight ratio of the emulsion base to the sensitizing solution is (98-102):(1.0-3.2);   (302) uniformly mixing the mixture I with porous granular ammonium nitrate to prepare a mixture IV; and   (303) adding the physical density adjusting agent into the mixture IV, and uniformly mixing and sensitizing to obtain the explosives, wherein the content by weight of the emulsion base in the mixture IV is above 50%, and the content by weight of the physical density adjusting agent in the mixture IV is 0.1-35%.   
     
     
         22 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 20 , characterized in that the content by weight of the porous granular ammonium nitrate in the mixture II or the mixture IV is 10%, 30% or 45%. 
     
     
         23 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 17 , characterized in that when the explosives are porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives in the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives, the physical density adjusting agent is one or a mixture of more of physical density adjusting agents with adsorbability on diesel, and the preparation method of explosives with different densities comprises the following steps:
 (101) uniformly mixing 93.5-95.5 parts by weight of porous granular ammonium nitrate and 4.5-6.5 parts by weight of diesel to obtain a mixture I; and   (102) uniformly mixing the mixture I with the physical density adjusting agent to obtain the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives with the different densities;   wherein the amount of the physical density adjusting agent is 0.1-35% of the total weight of the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the diesel.   
     
     
         24 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 16 , characterized in that when the explosives are porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives in the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives, the physical density adjusting agent is the physical density adjusting agent without adsorbability on diesel, and the preparation method of explosives with different densities comprises the following step: uniformly mixing 93.5-95.5 parts by weight of porous granular ammonium nitrate, 4.5-6.5 parts by weight of diesel and the physical density adjusting agent, wherein the weight of the physical density adjusting agent accounts for 0.1-35% of the total weight of the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the diesel. 
     
     
         25 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 16 , characterized in that when the explosives are heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives in the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives, and the preparation method of explosives with different densities comprises the following steps:
 (201) uniformly mixing porous granular ammonium nitrate, the diesel and the physical density adjusting agent to obtain a mixture II, wherein the physical density adjusting agent is the physical density adjusting agent without adsorbability on diesel, and the weight ratio of the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the diesel is (93.5-95.5):(4.5-6.5);   (202) uniformly mixing an emulsion base with a sensitizing solution to obtain a mixture III, wherein the weight ratio of the emulsion base to the sensitizing solution is 100:(1.0-3.2); and   (203) uniformly mixing the mixture II and the mixture III to prepare the heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture II to the mixture III is not less than 1:1;   wherein the amount of the physical density adjusting agent is 0.1-35% of the total weight of the porous granular ammonium nitrate, the diesel and the emulsion base.   
     
     
         26 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 16 , characterized in that when the explosives are heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives in the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives, the preparation method of explosives with different densities comprises the following steps:
 (301) uniformly mixing porous granular ammonium nitrate with the diesel to obtain a mixture IV, wherein the weight ratio of the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the diesel is (93.5-95.5):(4.5-6.5);   (302) uniformly mixing an emulsion base with a sensitizing solution to obtain a mixture III, wherein the weight ratio of the emulsion base to the sensitizing solution is 100:(1.0-3.2); and   (303) uniformly mixing the mixture IV, the mixture III and the physical density adjusting agent to prepare the heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture IV to the mixture III is not less than 1:1, and the amount of the physical density adjusting agent is 0.1-35% of the total weight of the porous granular ammonium nitrate, the diesel and the emulsion base.   
     
     
         27 . The preparation method of explosives with different densities according to  claim 16 , characterized in that when the explosives are heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives in the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives, the preparation method of explosives with different densities comprises the following steps:
 (401) uniformly mixing porous granular ammonium nitrate and an emulsion base with negative oxygen balance to obtain a mixture V, wherein the weight ratio of the porous granular ammonium nitrate to the emulsion base is not less than 1:1; and   (402) uniformly mixing the mixture V, a sensitizing solution and the physical density adjusting agent and sensitizing at the temperature of 0-90° C. for 15-20 min to prepare the heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives;   wherein the weight ratio of the emulsion base to the sensitizing solution is 100:(1.0-3.2), and the amount of the physical density adjusting agent is 0.1-35% of the total weight of the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the emulsion base.   
     
     
         28 . Explosives with different densities obtained by the preparation method according to  claim 15 .