Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land

Abstract

The wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the comprises a supporting member ( 3 ), a threaded bar ( 2 ) for the transmission of vertical load, a nut ( 11 ), and a base ( 1 ) that in turn comprises a plate ( 9 ) with a perforation ( 10 ), wherein the bar ( 2 ) for transmitting vertical load is secured to the supporting member ( 3 ), the supporting member ( 3 ) being affixed to a side wall of the formwork and the loads generated in the formwork being transmitted to the land, thereby preventing relative movement between the base ( 1 ) and the supporting member ( 3 ), by means of the insertion of the bar ( 2 ) for transmitting vertical load into the perforation ( 10 ) in the plate ( 9 ) of the base ( 1 ) and screwing the nut ( 11 ) into the upper end of the bar ( 2 ) for transmitting vertical load.

1 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land, wherein in the transmission of vertical loads to the surrounding earth, the system comprises:
 a supporting member ( 3 ),   a threaded bar for transmitting vertical load ( 2 ),   a nut ( 11 )   a base ( 1 ), which in turn comprises a plate ( 9 ) having a perforation ( 10 ),   
       wherein the bar for transmitting vertical load ( 2 ) is fixed to the supporting member ( 3 ), the supporting member ( 3 ) being affixed to a side wall of the formwork, and transmitting the loads generated in the formwork to the land, thereby preventing the relative movement between the base ( 1 ) and the supporting member ( 3 ) by inserting the bar for transmitting vertical load ( 2 ) into the perforation ( 10 ) in the plate ( 9 ) of the base ( 1 ) and by screwing the nut ( 11 ) into the upper end of the bar for transmitting vertical load ( 2 ). 
     
     
         2 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 1 , wherein in a lower area ( 1 ′) of the base ( 1 ) there is a change of the cross section in the base ( 1 ), the section of the lower area ( 1 ′) being circular. 
     
     
         3 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 1 , wherein in the transmission of horizontal loads, the system comprises:
 two bars for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ), parallel to each other,   the lower area of the base ( 1 ′),   two clamps ( 4 ),   a perforated bar ( 6 ), and   at least two nuts ( 12 ), one per bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ),   
       such that the perforated bar ( 6 ) is embedded in a footing ( 8 ) of the concrete section and a clamp ( 4 ) is placed on the lower area of the base ( 1 ′), clamping it from the outside, while the other clamp ( 4 ) is placed on the perforated bar ( 6 ), the two clamps ( 4 ) being joined by the bars for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ) and the nuts ( 12 ) inserted into the ends of each bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ). 
     
     
         4 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 2 , wherein the lower area ( 1 ′) of the base ( 1 ) comprises a hollow square section with an indentation ( 15 ). 
     
     
         5 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 1 , wherein in the transmission of horizontal loads, the system comprises:
 a bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ),   the lower area of the base ( 1 ′),   a baseplate ( 13 ),   a capped nut ( 14 ),   a perforated bar ( 6 ), with a through-hole ( 16 ), and   a nut ( 11 ),   
       such that the bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ) is inserted into the through-hole ( 16 ) of the perforated bar ( 6 ) and into the indentation ( 15 ) of the lower area ( 1 ′) of the base ( 1 ), and the baseplate ( 13 ) is placed on the lower area ( 1 ′) of the base ( 1 ) and the capped nut ( 14 ) rests on the baseplate ( 13 ), such that the relative position of the lower area ( 1 ′) of the base ( 1 ) is fixed with respect to the perforated bar ( 6 ) by means of the insertion of a nut ( 11 ) into the end of the bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ) corresponding to the perforated bar ( 6 ) and by inserting the capped nut ( 14 ) into the other side of the bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ). 
     
     
         6 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 1 , wherein in the transmission of horizontal loads in curved segments, the system comprises:
 two perforated bars ( 6 ),   two metal profiles ( 18 ), facing each other and fixed to each other, configuring a beam ( 19 ),   two clamps ( 4 ),   two bars for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ),   two nuts ( 12 ),   
       such that the two metal profiles ( 18 ) make up a beam ( 19 ), the two perforated bars ( 6 ) being affixed to said beam ( 19 ); the beam ( 19 ) incorporating in one end a clamp ( 4 ) that slides through a segment of the beam ( 19 ), the other clamp ( 4 ) being joined to the first clamp ( 4 ) through the bars for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ), thereby limiting the relative movement between both clamps ( 4 ) by means of nuts ( 12 ) placed in the bars for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ). 
     
     
         7 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 1 , wherein in the transmission of horizontal loads, the system comprises a wedge ( 21 ), wherein the lower area of the base ( 1 ′) rests, said wedge ( 21 ) being fastened to the footing ( 8 ) of the concrete section. 
     
     
         8 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 7 , wherein the wedge ( 21 ) comprises:
 two symmetrical pieces ( 22 ) facing each other by a common face, said common face having a supporting area ( 23 ) of the lower area of the base ( 1 ′), and   a threaded bar ( 24 ), with a nut ( 25 ) screwed into each end, such that by screwing the nuts ( 25 ), the geometry of the wedge ( 21 ) is adapted until it contacts the lower area of the base ( 1 ′).   
     
     
         9 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 2 , wherein in the transmission of horizontal loads, the system comprises:
 two bars for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ), parallel to each other,   the lower area of the base ( 1 ′),   two clamps ( 4 ),   a perforated bar ( 6 ), and   at least two nuts ( 12 ), one per bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ),   
       such that the perforated bar ( 6 ) is embedded in a footing ( 8 ) of the concrete section and a clamp ( 4 ) is placed on the lower area of the base ( 1 ′), clamping it from the outside, while the other clamp ( 4 ) is placed on the perforated bar ( 6 ), the two clamps ( 4 ) being joined by the bars for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ) and the nuts ( 12 ) inserted into the ends of each bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ). 
     
     
         10 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 4 , wherein in the transmission of horizontal loads, the system comprises:
 a bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ),
 the lower area of the base ( 1 ′), 
 a baseplate ( 13 ), 
 a capped nut ( 14 ), 
 a perforated bar ( 6 ), with a through-hole ( 16 ), and 
 a nut ( 11 ), 
   
       such that the bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ) is inserted into the through-hole ( 16 ) of the perforated bar ( 6 ) and into the indentation ( 15 ) of the lower area ( 1 ′) of the base ( 1 ), and the baseplate ( 13 ) is placed on the lower area ( 1 ′) of the base ( 1 ) and the capped nut ( 14 ) rests on the baseplate ( 13 ), such that the relative position of the lower area ( 1 ′) of the base ( 1 ) is fixed with respect to the perforated bar ( 6 ) by means of the insertion of a nut ( 11 ) into the end of the bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ) corresponding to the perforated bar ( 6 ) and by inserting the capped nut ( 14 ) into the other side of the bar for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ). 
     
     
         11 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 2 , wherein in the transmission of horizontal loads in curved segments, the system comprises:
 two perforated bars ( 6 ),   two metal profiles ( 18 ), facing each other and fixed to each other, configuring a beam ( 19 ),   two clamps ( 4 ),   two bars for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ),   two nuts ( 12 ),   
       such that the two metal profiles ( 18 ) make up a beam ( 19 ), the two perforated bars ( 6 ) being affixed to said beam ( 19 ); the beam ( 19 ) incorporating in one end a clamp ( 4 ) that slides through a segment of the beam ( 19 ), the other clamp ( 4 ) being joined to the first clamp ( 4 ) through the bars for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ), thereby limiting the relative movement between both clamps ( 4 ) by means of nuts ( 12 ) placed in the bars for transmitting horizontal load ( 5 ). 
     
     
         12 . Wedging system for transmitting loads from a formwork to the land according to  claim 2 , wherein in the transmission of horizontal loads, the system comprises a wedge ( 21 ), wherein the lower area of the base ( 1 ′) rests, said wedge ( 21 ) being fastened to the footing ( 8 ) of the concrete section.