Water-Based Adhesives

Abstract

An adhesive includes a polymeric latex, a penetrant selected from the group consisting of: terpenes, polylimonene, limonene, carvone, a-pinene, citral, dipentene, 1,8-cineole, eucalyptol, citronellol, geraniol, citronellene, terpinen-4-ol, borneol, camphor, guayule resin, and combinations thereof; and a reinforcing filler. The adhesive has a solids content of 35-65% and a pH of 9 to 12. Articles of manufacture, such as tires and air springs incorporate the adhesive to join rubber interfaces. A method of making the adhesive is also is provided.

1 - 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . An adhesive comprising:
 a polymeric latex;   a penetrant selected from the group consisting of: terpenes, limonene, polylimonene, carvone, α-pinene, citral, dipentene, 1,8-cineole, eucalyptol, citronellol, geraniol, citronellene, terpinen-4-ol, borneol, camphor, guayule resin, and combinations thereof;   a reinforcing filler;   wherein the adhesive has a solids content of 35-65% and a pH of 9 to 12.   
     
     
         22 . The adhesive of  claim 21  wherein the pH of the polymeric latex is within the range of about 7 to about 14. 
     
     
         23 . The adhesive of  claim 21  wherein the solids content of the polymeric latex is in the range of about 10% to about 90% by weight. 
     
     
         24 . The adhesive of  claim 21  wherein the reinforcing filler is carbon black and is present in an amount of 10 to 80 phr. 
     
     
         25 . The adhesive of  claim 21  further comprising a tackifier with a pH of about 2 to about 13 and a solids content of about 30 to about 80. 
     
     
         26 . The adhesive of  claim 21  wherein the reinforcing filler is carbon black and is selected from the following series: N100, N200, N300, N400, N500, N600, N700, N800, and N900. 
     
     
         27 . The adhesive of  claim 21  wherein the polymeric latex comprises water and a polymer selected from the group consisting of polychloroprene, butyl rubber, hevea or non-hevea natural rubber, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, nitrile rubber, poly(styrene-butadiene), and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         28 . The adhesive of  claim 21  wherein the polymeric latex comprises water and a polymer selected from the group consisting of polychloroprene, butyl rubber, hevea or non-hevea natural rubber, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, nitrile rubber, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         29 . The adhesive of  claim 21  further comprising a non-ionic surfactant stabilizer. 
     
     
         30 . The adhesive of  claim 21  wherein the adhesive is substantially or completely free of VOC-containing or eluting solvent. 
     
     
         31 . The adhesive of  claim 21  wherein the adhesive is substantially or completely free of cure agents. 
     
     
         32 . The adhesive of  claim 21 , wherein the penetrant is guayule resin. 
     
     
         33 . An article of manufacture comprising:
 an elastomeric rubber component comprising an elastomer selected from the group consisting of: polychloroprene, butyl rubber, natural rubber, guayule rubber, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, nitrile rubber, poly(styrene-butadiene), and combinations thereof;   the elastomeric rubber component being joined at an interface with a second rubber component or another portion of the elastomeric rubber component;   wherein the interface includes a layer of adhesive, the adhesive comprising: a polymeric latex; a penetrant selected from the group consisting of: terpenes, polylimonene, limonene, carvone, α-pinene, citral, dipentene, 1,8-cineole, eucalyptol, citronellol, geraniol, citronellene, terpinen-4-ol, borneol, camphor, guayule resin, and combinations thereof; and   a reinforcing filler.   
     
     
         34 . The article of manufacture of  claim 33 , wherein the article is a rubber air spring or a tire component. 
     
     
         35 . The article of manufacture of  claim 33 , wherein the adhesive has a solids content of 35-65% and a pH of 9 to 12. 
     
     
         36 . A method comprising the steps of:
 mixing together an adhesive composition comprising:
 a polymeric latex; 
 a penetrant selected from the group consisting of: terpenes, polylimonene, limonene, carvone, α-pinene, citral, dipentene, 1,8-cineole, eucalyptol, citronellol, geraniol, citronellene, terpinen-4-ol, borneol, camphor, guayule resin, and combinations thereof; and 
 a reinforcing filler. 
   
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 36  wherein the reinforcing filler is added as an aqueous dispersion. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 36  further comprising:
 maintaining a solids content of 35-65% and a pH of 9 to 12 in the composition throughout the steps. 
 
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 36 , further comprising the step of applying the adhesive to an uncured rubber composition. 
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 36 , further comprising applying the adhesive to a tire component or an air spring joint interface.