Modular tapered reamer for bone preparation and associated method

Abstract

A kit for use in performing joint arthroplasty is provided. The kit ( 400 ) includes a trial ( 12 ) and a reamer ( 2 ). The reamer ( 2 ) is for preparing a cavity ( 4 ) in the intramedullary canal ( 8 ) of a long bone ( 8 ) with the use of a driver ( 10 ) and to assist in performing a trial reduction. The reamer ( 2 ) includes a first portion ( 14 ) for placement at least partially in the cavity ( 4 ) of the long bone ( 8 ) and a second portion ( 16 ) operably connected to the first portion ( 14 ). The reamer ( 2 ) is removably connected to the driver ( 10 ) to rotate the reamer ( 2 ). The trial ( 12 ) is removably attachable to the reamer ( 2 ).

We claim: 
     
         1 . A kit for use with a driver in performing joint arthroplasty, said kit comprising:
 a first trial;   a second trial having at least one dimension different than said first trial; and   a reamer for preparing a cavity in the intramedullary canal of a long bone to assist in performing a trial reduction, the reamer including a first portion for placement at least partially in the cavity of the long bone and a second portion operably connected to the first portion, said second portion being removably connectable to the driver, said first and second trials being removably attachable to said second portion of said reamer, wherein the first portion of the reamer includes flutes having cutting edges adapted to cut into the long bone, the first portion further including reliefs to provide a path for the removal of cut bone.   
     
     
         2 . The kit of  claim 1 :
 wherein the driver defines a longitudinal axis thereof;   wherein said reamer defines a longitudinal axis thereof, the longitudinal axis of said reamer being coincident with the longitudinal axis of the driver when said reamer is connected to the driver; and   wherein the driver is separable and connectable to said reamer along the longitudinal axis of the driver.   
     
     
         3 . The kit of  claim 1 :
 wherein said reamer includes a part thereof having a tapered external periphery;   wherein the driver includes a part thereof having a tapered internal periphery; and   wherein said trial includes a portion thereof having a tapered internal periphery thereof.   
     
     
         4 . The kit of  claim 1 , further including a locking feature operably associated with at least one of said trial and said reamer to lock at least one of the driver and said trial to said reamer. 
     
     
         5 . A kit for use in performing hip joint arthroplasty, said kit to be utilized to prepare a cavity in the femoral canal of a femur with the use of a driver and to assist in performing a trial reduction, said kit comprising:
 a hip femoral component trial; and   a reamer for preparation of the cavity in the femoral canal, said reamer including a first portion for placement at least partially in the cavity of the femur and a second portion connectable to the driver, said first and second trials and the driver being removably attachable to said second portion of said reamer, so that the said reamer and the driver can be assembled to prepare the cavity and so that said reamer and one of said first and second trial can be assembled to form a hip femoral component trial assembly without the removal of said reamer from the cavity, wherein the first portion of the reamer includes flutes having cutting edges adapted to cut into the long bone, the first portion further including reliefs to provide a path for the removal of cut bone.   
     
     
         6 . The kit of  claim 5 :
 wherein said reamer includes a part thereof having a tapered external periphery;   wherein the driver includes a part thereof having a tapered internal periphery; and   wherein said trial includes a portion thereof having a tapered internal periphery thereof.   
     
     
         7 . The kit of  claim 5 , further comprising a second trial having at least one dimension different than said first mentioned trial, said second trial being removeably attachable to said reamer. 
     
     
         8 . The kit of  claim 5 , further including a locking feature operably associated with at least one of said reamer and said trial to lock at least one of the driver and said trial to said reamer. 
     
     
         9 . The kit of  claim 5 :
 wherein at least one of said reamer and the driver includes a pin extending therefrom; and   wherein the other of said reamer and the driver defines a void for receiving said pin, said pin and the void cooperating to lock said reamer to the driver.   
     
     
         10 . The kit of  claim 1 , wherein said trial and said reamer are packaged in a common container. 
     
     
         11 . A reamer for preparing a cavity in the intramedullary canal of a long bone with the use of a driver and for cooperation with an implant trial to assist in performing a trial reduction, said reamer comprising:
 a first portion for preparation of the cavity in the canal, the first portion adapted for placement at least partially in the cavity of the long bone; and   a second portion operably connected to the first portion, said second portion connectable to the driver to rotate said reamer, said reamer being removably attachable to the trial and to the driver.   
     
     
         12 . The reamer of  claim 11 :
 wherein the first portion defines a longitudinal axis thereof;   wherein the second portion defines a longitudinal axis thereof, the longitudinal axis of the second portion being coincident with the longitudinal axis of the first portion; and   wherein said reamer is separable and connectable to the driver and the trial along the longitudinal axis of said first portion.   
     
     
         13 . The reamer of  claim 11 , wherein said reamer includes a portion thereof having a tapered external periphery. 
     
     
         14 . The reamer of  claim 11 , further including a locking feature adapted to lock the trial and the driver to said reamer. 
     
     
         15 . The reamer of  claim 12 :
 wherein said long bone comprises a femur; and   wherein said implant trial comprises a hip femoral implant trial.   
     
     
         16 . A method for providing joint arthroplasty comprising:
 resecting a long bone;   opening a medullary canal of the long bone;   providing a reamer including a surface for the removal of bone;   attaching a driver to the reamer;   positioning the reamer in the canal;   reaming a cavity in the canal with the reamer;   detaching the driver from the reamer;   providing a trial;   attaching the trial to the reamer; and   performing a trial reduction.   
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16  further comprising the steps of:
 removing the reamer and the trial; 
 providing a joint prosthesis; and 
 implanting the joint prosthesis in the cavity 
 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 16 :
 wherein the providing the reamer step comprises providing a reamer with the reamer having an externally tapered shaft;   wherein the attaching the driver step comprises attaching a driver having an internally tapered shaft to the externally tapered shaft of the reamer; and   wherein the providing the trial step comprises providing a trial having an internally tapered shaft fitted to the externally tapered shaft of the reamer.   
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein the long bone a femur. 
     
     
         20 . A driver for use with a reamer to prepare a cavity in the intramedullary canal of a long bone, said driver including indicia thereon corresponding to at least one of a bony landmark on a patient and a portion of a trial or an implant.