Olefin gas phase polymerisation

Abstract

The invention is directed to a process for the gas phase polymerisation of one or more olefin monomers in a fluidised bed reactor in a dry mode or in a (super) condensed mode with a gas stream comprising an inert gas characterised in that the inert gas comprises a mixture of inert components: (1) nitrogen; (2) a gas heat capacity increasing agent (3) a sorption promoting agent and (4) a polymer swelling agent. The inert gas may comprise (1) 5-60% by mol nitrogen (2) 10-90% by mol ethane (3) 1-50% by mol % n-butane and (4) 0.1-10% by mol % n-pentane or iso-pentane.

1 . A process for the gas phase polymerisation, comprising:
 polymerizing an olefin monomer in a fluidised bed reactor in a dry mode or in a condensed mode with a gas stream comprising an inert gas, wherein the inert gas comprises a mixture of inert components:   (1) nitrogen;   (2) a gas heat capacity increasing agent which regulates the dew point and at the same time improves the vapor stream heat capacity, wherein the gas heat capacity increasing agent is a saturated (C 2 -C 3 ) hydrocarbon or a mixture of these hydrocarbons;   (3) a sorption promoting agent which acts as promoting agent of the ethylene and alpha olefins local concentrations at the growing polymer micro-particle level where sorption of such components into the polyethylene increases the local concentration of ethylene and/or alpha-olefins in terms of micro-conditions surrounding the catalyst active sites, wherein the sorption promoting agent is (C 4 ) hydrocarbon n-butane; and   (4) a polymer swelling agent which acts as a polymer physical and viscoelastic properties modifying agent, developed instantaneously during polymer growth, by swelling and plasticizing the polymer formed during growth and which agent influences the characteristics of the crystalline phase, wherein the polymer swelling agent is a saturated (C 5 -C 20 ) hydrocarbon or a mixture of at least two different saturated (C 5 -C 20 ) hydrocarbons.   
     
     
         2 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the reactor comprises a reaction zone which is confined at the underside by a gas distribution plate and at the top side by a virtual end surface, in which a fluidised bed is maintained between the underside and the top side, and in which at least part of the gaseous stream withdrawn from the top of the reactor is cooled and in which at least part of the resulting two-phase stream is recycled to the reactor and wherein the gaseous stream comprises the inert gas. 
     
     
         3 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the inert gas comprises
 (1) 5-60% by mol of nitrogen;   (2) 10-90% by mol of the gas heat capacity increasing agent;   (3) 1-50% by mol % of the sorption promoting agent; and   (4) 0.1-10% by mol % of the polymer swelling agent;   wherein the total amount of the inert components (1), (2), (3) and (4) is 100%.   
     
     
         4 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the inert gas comprises
 (5) 10-50% by mol of nitrogen;   (6) 25-80% by mol of the gas heat capacity increasing agent;   (7) 1-45% by mol % of the sorption promoting agent; and   (8) 0.2-7% by mol % of the polymer swelling agent;   wherein the total amount of the inert components (1), (2), (3) and (4) is 100%.   
     
     
         5 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the olefin monomer is an ethylene monomer wherein the amount of ethylene in the feed stream ranges between 50% by weight and 95% by weight of the total amount of olefin monomers. 
     
     
         6 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the gas heat capacity increasing agent is ethane. 
     
     
         7 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the sorption promoting agent is n-butane. 
     
     
         8 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the polymer swelling agent is n-pentane or iso-pentane. 
     
     
         9 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the inert gas comprises
 (1) 5-60% by mol nitrogen   (2) 10-90% by mol ethane   (3) 1-50% by mol % n-butane and   (4) 0.1-10% by mol % n-pentane or iso-pentane   wherein the total amount of the inert components (1), (2), (3) and (4) is 100%.   
     
     
         10 . A process for the gas phase polymerisation, comprising:
 polymerizing an olefin monomer in a fluidised bed reactor in a dry mode or in a condensed mode with a gas stream comprising an inert gas, wherein the olefin monomer is an ethylene monomer wherein the amount of ethylene in the feed stream ranges between 50% by weight and 95% by weight of the total amount of olefin monomers, and wherein the inert gas comprises a mixture of inert components:   (1) nitrogen;   (2) a gas heat capacity increasing agent which regulates the dew point and at the same time improves the vapor stream heat capacity, wherein the gas heat capacity increasing agent is a saturated (C 2 -C 3 ) hydrocarbon or a mixture of these hydrocarbons;   (3) a sorption promoting agent which acts as promoting agent of the ethylene and alpha olefins local concentrations at the growing polymer micro-particle level where sorption of such components into the polyethylene increases the local concentration of ethylene and/or alpha-olefins in terms of micro-conditions surrounding the catalyst active sites, wherein the sorption promoting agent is (C 4 ) hydrocarbon n-butane; and   (4) a polymer swelling agent which acts as a polymer physical and viscoelastic properties modifying agent, developed instantaneously during polymer growth, by swelling and plasticizing the polymer formed during growth and which agent influences the characteristics of the crystalline phase, wherein the polymer swelling agent is a saturated (C 5 -C 20 ) hydrocarbon or a mixture of at least two different saturated (C 5 -C 20 ) hydrocarbons; and   wherein at least one of: the gas heat capacity increasing agent is ethane, the sorption promoting agent is n-butane, and the polymer swelling agent is n-pentane or iso-pentane.   
     
     
         11 . The process according to  claim 10 , wherein the inert gas comprises
 (1) 5-60% by mol nitrogen   (2) 10-90% by mol ethane   (3) 1-50% by mol % n-butane and   (4) 0.1-10% by mol % n-pentane or iso-pentane   wherein the total amount of the inert components (1), (2), (3) and (4) is 100%.