Copolymer with high chemical homogeneity and use thereof for improving the cold flow properties of fuel oils

Abstract

A copolymer with high chemical homogeneity, consisting of (A) 50 to 30% by weight of ethylene, (B) 50 to 70% by weight of C 4 - to C 24 -hydrocarbyl ester of (meth)acrylic acid, (C) 0 to 5% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid and (D) 0 to 10% by weight of copolymerizable monomers, obtainable by polymerizing a mixture of 80 to 60% by weight of ethylene, 20 to 40% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid and 0 to 10% by weight of copolymerizable monomers in a backmixing, continuous polymerization apparatus, and subsequently polymer-analogously esterifying the resulting copolymer with C 4 - to C 24 -hydrocarbinols. The inventive copolymer is suitable for improving the cold flow properties of fuel oils, for lowering the lower mixing temperature of cold flow improver additives into fuel oils, and for improving the filterability of fuel oils comprising cold flow improver additives.

1 . A copolymer with high chemical homogeneity, consisting of
 (A) 50 to 30% by weight of ethylene,   (B) 50 to 70% by weight of a C 4 - to C 24 -hydrocarbyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or of a mixture of such hydrocarbyl esters,   (C) 0 to 5% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and   (D) 0 to 10% by weight of one or more copolymerizable monomers,   where all monomer components in the copolymer together add up to 100% by weight,   obtainable by polymerizing a mixture of 80 to 60% by weight of ethylene, 20 to 40% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and 0 to 10% by weight of one or more copolymerizable monomers, where all monomer components in the mixture together add up to 100% by weight, in a backmixing, continuous polymerization apparatus, and subsequently polymer-analogously esterifying the resulting copolymer of ethylene and (meth)acrylic acid or of essentially ethylene and (meth)acrylic acid with a C 4 - to C 24 -hydrocarbinol or a mixture of C 4 - to C 24 -hydrocarbinols.   
     
     
         2 . A copolymer with high chemical homogeneity according to  claim 1 , obtainable by polymerizing at a pressure of 50 to 5000 bar. 
     
     
         3 . A copolymer with high chemical homogeneity according to  claim 1 , consisting of
 (A) 45 to 35% by weight, especially 42 to 38% by weight, of ethylene,   (B) 55 to 65% by weight, especially 58 to 62% by weight, of a C 4 - to C 24 -hydrocarbyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or of a mixture of such hydrocarbyl esters,   (C) 0 to 3.5% by weight, especially 0 to 2% by weight; of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and   (D) 0 to 5% by weight, especially 0 to 2.5% by weight, of one or more copolymerizable monomers.   
     
     
         4 . A copolymer with high chemical homogeneity according to  claim 1 , which comprises, as component (B), a C 8 - to C 18 -alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or of a mixture of such alkyl esters. 
     
     
         5 . A copolymer according to  claim 1 , having a number-average molecular weight in the range from 1000 to 10 000, especially from 1500 to 3500, or having a weight-average molecular weight of 2000 to 20 000, especially of 3000 to 7000. 
     
     
         6 . A process for preparing a copolymer with high chemical homogeneity, consisting of
 (A) 50 to 30% by weight of ethylene,   (B) 50 to 70% by weight of a C 4 - to C 24 -hydrocarbyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or of a mixture of such hydrocarbyl esters,   (C) 0 to 5% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and   (D) 0 to 10% by weight of one or more copolymerizable monomers,   where all monomer components in the copolymer together add up to 100% by weight, which comprises polymerizing a mixture of 80 to 60% by weight of ethylene, 20 to 40% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and 0 to 10% by weight of one or more copolymerizable monomers, where all monomer components in the mixture together add up to 100% by weight, in a backmixing, continuous polymerization apparatus, and subsequently polymer-analogously esterifying the resulting copolymer of ethylene and (meth)acrylic acid or of essentially ethylene and (meth)acrylic acid with a C 4 - to C 24 -hydrocarbinol or a mixture of C 4 - to C 24 -hydrocarbinols.   
     
     
         7 . The process according to  claim 6 , wherein polymerization is effected at a pressure of 50 to 5000 bar. 
     
     
         8 . The process according to  claim 6 , wherein the mixture of 80 to 60% by weight of ethylene, 20 to 40% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and 0 to 10% by weight of one or more copolymerizable monomers is polymerized in a backmixing, continuous autoclave. 
     
     
         9 - 12 . (canceled)