Annular electrolysis cell and annular cathode with magnetic field compensation

Abstract

An electrolysis cell, in particular for producing aluminum, contains a cathode, a layer made up of liquid aluminum arranged on an upper side of the cathode, a melt layer, thereupon and an anode above the melt layer. The cathode has at least one opening extending vertically through the cathode, in which opening at least one current supply extending vertically through the opening and electrically connected to the anode and/or to the cathode is provided. The electrolysis cell contains at least one further current supply arranged outside of the opening of the cathode, which current supply extends in the vertical direction at least in certain sections and which current supply is electrically connected to the cathode and/or to the anode.

1 . An electrolysis cell, comprising:
 a cathode;   a layer made up of liquid aluminum disposed on an upper side of said cathode;   a melt layer disposed on said layer made of liquid aluminum;   an anode disposed above said melt layer;   at least one current supply;   said cathode having at least one opening formed therein and extending vertically through said cathode, in said opening said at least one current supply extending vertically through said opening and electrically connected to said anode and/or to said cathode; and   at least one further current supply disposed outside of said opening ( 18 ) of said cathode, said further current supply extending in a vertical direction at least in certain sections and said further current supply being electrically connected to said cathode and/or to said anode.   
     
     
         2 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 1 , wherein said opening is disposed centrally in said cathode as viewed in a plan view and said current supply extending through said opening extends centrally through said opening of said cathode. 
     
     
         3 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 1 , wherein said cathode has an at least approximately circular outline as viewed in a plan view. 
     
     
         4 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 1 , wherein said cathode has an at least approximately polygonal ring-shaped outline as viewed in a plan view. 
     
     
         5 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 4 , wherein said cathode has at least one of an external circumference or an internal circumference of said approximately polygonal ring-shaped, which is polygonal ring-shaped as viewed in a plan view, has a shape of a regular polygon with n corners, wherein n is 3 to 100. 
     
     
         6 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 1 , wherein said cathode is composed of a plurality of cathode blocks which, as viewed in a circumferential direction, are disposed around said current supply which extends through said opening, next to one another and adjoining one another, forming an annular cathode. 
     
     
         7 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 6 , wherein at least one of said cathode blocks of said cathode is shaped in a hexagonal, circular-segment-shaped or trapezoidal manner as viewed in a plan view. 
     
     
         8 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 1 , wherein a ratio between an internal diameter and an external diameter of said cathode is between 0.01 and 0.99. 
     
     
         9 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 1 , wherein said further current supply is one of between 2 and 10 further current supplies disposed outside of said opening of said cathode, which in each case extend in the vertical direction at least in sections and which are in each case electrically connected to said cathode and/or to said anode. 
     
     
         10 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 9 , wherein said further current supplies are disposed at least approximately regularly and concentrically as viewed in a circumferential direction of said cathode and as viewed around said current supply extending through said opening. 
     
     
         11 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 1 , wherein said cathode has an underside and at least two pin-shaped contacting elements on said underside. 
     
     
         12 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 11 , wherein said pin-shaped contacting elements extend at an angle of less than 30° with respect to the vertical and particularly vertically into said cathode. 
     
     
         13 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 11 , further comprising a common base plate, said pin-shaped contacting elements are electrically conductively connected on a side thereof which faces away from said cathode to said common base plate. 
     
     
         14 . The electrolysis cell according to  claim 1 , wherein a spacing between said anode and said layer made up of liquid aluminum is between 15 and 45 mm. 
     
     
         15 . A cathode for an electrolysis cell, the cathode comprising:
 a cathode body having at least one opening formed therein and extending vertically through said cathode body.   
     
     
         16 . The cathode according to  claim 15 , wherein said cathode body is shaped in an annular and at least approximately circular or polygonal ring-shaped manner as viewed in a plan view. 
     
     
         17 . The cathode according to  claim 16 , wherein said cathode body has an external circumference outline and/or an internal circumference outline, which is polygonal ring-shaped as viewed in a plan view, has a shape of a regular polygon with n corners, wherein n is 3 to 100. 
     
     
         18 . The cathode according to  claim 15 , wherein said cathode body has a plurality of cathode blocks which, as viewed in a circumferential direction, are disposed around said opening of said cathode body next to one another and adjoining one another. 
     
     
         19 . The cathode according to  claim 18 , wherein at least one of said cathode blocks has a hexagonal, circular-segment-shaped outline or trapezoidal outline as viewed in a plan view. 
     
     
         20 . The cathode according to  claim 15 , wherein said cathode body has an underside and at least two recesses formed therein for receiving one pin-shaped contacting element in each case on said underside.