Spd process and apparatus

Abstract

A SPD process includes deforming metal material in an apparatus which comprises a material flow-through channel which is arranged in a first direction, and a press. The method also involves feeding metal material in the first direction so that the material need not be in a state of extreme stress, and pressing the material reciprocatively by the press in at least one second direction which is crosswise relative to the first direction, and deforming grain size of the material smaller. An apparatus for deforming metal material to SPD material.

1 . A SPD process comprising deforming metal material in an apparatus which comprises a material flow-through channel which is arranged in a first direction, and a press, wherein the press comprises a reciprocatively movable press channel with a starting end, the method comprising feeding metal material the first direction through the flow-through channel which comprises an inlet channel with a leaving end and thereafter the press channel so that the material is not in a state of extreme stress, said leaving end and starting end comprising shearing tools, and pressing the material which is arranged to be moved reciprocatively in a second direction supported by the press channel, by moving reciprocatively by the press channel relative to the inlet channel in at least one second direction which is crosswise relative to the first direction, and deforming grain size of the material smaller. 
     
     
         2 .- 3 . (canceled) 
     
     
         4 . The process according to  claim 1 , comprising repeating deforming of the material in the same pressing location. 
     
     
         5 . The process according to  claim 1 , comprising repeating deforming of the material in different directions of the material. 
     
     
         6 .- 7 . (canceled) 
     
     
         8 . The process according to  claim 1 , comprising feeding the material in the first direction through the flow-through channel which comprises an inlet channel and an outlet channel and the press channel between thereof which are arranged in the first direction, and forming a material deforming deformation force by moving the press channel reciprocatively relative to the feeding direction and an outlet direction in at least one second direction. 
     
     
         9 . (canceled) 
     
     
         10 . The process according to  claim 4 , comprising deforming the material in a second pressing region which is formed by a leaving end of the press channel and a starting end of the outlet channel. 
     
     
         11 . The process according to  claim 1 , comprising returning the deformed material to the same location in line with the inlet channel where the material was before starting of the deformation. 
     
     
         12 . The process according to  claim 1 , comprising rotating the material during the feeding. 
     
     
         13 . The process according to  claim 1 , comprising cold forming the material after the SPD deforming. 
     
     
         14 . An apparatus for deforming metal material to SPD material which apparatus comprises a material flow-through channel which is arranged in a first direction, and a press, wherein the press comprises a reciprocatively movable press channel, the flow-through channel comprises a material inlet channel with a leaving end and thereafter the press channel with a starting end, in which inlet channel and press channel the material is arranged to be moved in a first axial direction through the flow-through channel so that the material is not in a state of extreme stress, said leaving end and starting end comprising shearing tools, and the apparatus is configured to press the material which is supported by the press channel, reciprocatively by the press relative to the inlet channel in a second direction which is crosswise relative to the first direction, and to form a material deforming deformation force by moving the press channel reciprocatively in the second direction which is crosswise relative to the first direction. 
     
     
         15 . The apparatus according to  claim 14 , comprising shearing tools which are arranged at edges of on one hand the press movable in the second direction, and on other hand of a part of the flow-through channel adjacent to the press. 
     
     
         16 . (canceled) 
     
     
         17 . The apparatus according to  claim 14 , wherein the leaving end of the inlet channel and the starting end of the press channel are forming at their location a first pressing region, and the flow-through channel comprises in the first direction an outlet channel after the press channel, and an outlet end of the press channel and a starting end of the outlet channel are forming at their location a second pressing region. 
     
     
         18 - 20 . (canceled)