US2014087948A1PendingUtilityA1

Methods of reducing plant stress

53
Individually held — no corporate assignee on recordPriority: Sep 28, 2009Filed: Dec 3, 2013Published: Mar 27, 2014
Est. expirySep 28, 2029(~3.2 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Brian B. Goodwin
C12N 15/8216A01N 27/00A01H 3/04A01N 65/00A01N 43/16A01N 43/90A01H 3/00
53
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Claims

Abstract

A method of regulating plant genes is provided. The method provides improved drought stress or salinity stress for plants. The method comprises treating a part of a plant or the locus thereof with a composition of matter, the composition of matter comprising an agriculturally acceptable mixture of compounds of natural organic material of defined composition.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 .- 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . A method of improving abiotic stress-response in a plant, the method comprising contacting a part of a seed, a plant, or a locus thereof with an effective amount of a composition of matter, the composition of matter comprising two or more of:
 (a) a mixture of condensed hydrocarbons, lignins, and tannins and/or condensed tannins;   (b) an oxygen-to-carbon ratio for the dissolved organic matter of greater than about 0.5;   (c) a total number of tannin compounds greater than about 200, the tannin compounds having a hydrogen to carbon ratio of about 0.5 to about 1.4, and an aromaticity index of less than about 0.7 as measured by mass spectroscopy; or   (d) a mass distribution of about 55-60% lignin compounds, 27-35% tannin compounds, and about 8-15% condensed hydrocarbon as measured by mass spectroscopy.   
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein said composition of matter up regulates a receptor of the plant. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the composition of matter down regulates at least one plant gene selected from the group consisting of WRKY element, an ethylene-responsive element, ABA repressor, salt tolerance zinc finger motif, high light responsive element, a putative disease resistance gene, putative chitinase protein, calcium ion binding proteins, zinc ion binding proteins, phosphate induced protein, ABC transporter family protein, cation/hydrogen exchanger (proton antiporter), glycolipid transporter gene, calmodulin-related protein, protein kinase/sugar binding, protease inhibitor genes, pectinesterase family protein, oxidoreductase, transmembrane receptor gene, heat-shock protein gene, and senescence associated protein. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein said composition of matter up regulates at least one plant gene selected from plant regulator production or response genes, auxin-responsive family protein genes, gibberellin 20 oxidase genes, encoding amino acid transporter genes, carbohydrate transporter genes, purine transporter genes, genes encoding enzymes, defense-related genes, genes encoding transcription factor or transcription regulators, or genes encoding ATPase/ion movement. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein said composition of matter up regulates at least one plant gene selected from genes encoding transcription factors, genes encoding enzymes, genes encoding protein kinases, or genes encoding hydrolases. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein said composition of matter up regulates at least one plant gene selected from plant regulator production or response genes, auxin-responsive family protein genes, gibberellin 20 oxidase genes, encoding amino acid transporter genes, carbohydrate transporter genes, purine transporter genes, genes encoding enzyme, defense-related genes, genes encoding transcription factor or transcription regulators, or genes encoding ATPase/ion movement; and down regulates at least one plant gene selected from transcription factor genes, transcription regulator genes, growth genes, defense genes, metabolism genes, or ion transport genes. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the composition of matter comprises a mixture of condensed hydrocarbons, lignins, and tannins and/or condensed tannins, wherein at least 10% of the total % of compounds of the composition are tannins and/or condensed tannins. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the composition of matter comprises a mixture of condensed hydrocarbons, lignins, and tannins and/or condensed tannins, wherein at least 20% of the total % of compounds of the composition are tannins and/or condensed tannins. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the improvement in stress reduction comprises improved agronomical recovery of the plant after said stress is reduced or discontinued as compared to a similar plant species not treated with said composition of matter. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 29 , wherein the stress is drought. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 29 , wherein the stress is selected from the group consisting from exposure to salt water, flooding, prolonged darkness, pest herbivory, and temperature variations. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 29 , wherein the improved agronomical recovery comprises at least one of increased plant weight, increased number of leaves, and increased stalk weight after discontinuation of the stress as compared to a similar plant not treated with the composition of matter 
     
     
         33 . A method of regulating at least one gene associated with stress response of a plant species, the method comprising
 contacting a part of a plant or a locus thereof with an effective amount of a composition of matter, the composition of matter comprising two or more of:   (a) a mixture of condensed hydrocarbons, lignins, and tannins and/or condensed tannins;   (b) an oxygen-to-carbon ratio for the dissolved organic matter of greater than about 0.5;   (c) a total number of tannin compounds greater than about 200, the tannin compounds having a hydrogen to carbon ratio of about 0.5 to about 1.4, and an aromaticity index of less than about 0.7 as measured by mass spectroscopy; or   (d) a mass distribution of about 55-60% lignin compounds, 27-35% tannin compounds, and about 8-15% condensed hydrocarbon as measured by mass spectroscopy; and   regulating the at least one gene up or down.   
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the at least one gene regulates at least one plant gene selected from genes encoding transcription factors, genes encoding enzymes, genes encoding protein kinases, or genes encoding hydrolases. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the composition of matter comprises a mixture of condensed hydrocarbons, lignins, and tannins and/or condensed tannins, wherein at least 10% of the total % of compounds of the composition are tannins and/or condensed tannins. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the composition of matter comprises a mixture of condensed hydrocarbons, lignins, and tannins and/or condensed tannins, wherein at least 20% of the total % of compounds of the composition are tannins and/or condensed tannins. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the at least one gene regulated provides improved agronomical recovery of the plant after an environmental stress is reduced or discontinued as compared to a similar plant species not treated with said composition of matter. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 37 , wherein the environmental stress is drought. 
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 37 , wherein the environmental stress is selected from the group consisting from exposure to salt water, flooding, prolonged darkness, pest herbivory, and temperature variations. 
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 37 , wherein the improved agronomical recovery comprises at least one of increased plant weight, increased number of leaves, and increased stalk weight after discontinuation of the environmental stress as compared to a similar plant not treated with the composition of matter

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