Use of Glutamide Stabilizers

Abstract

Fluids are provided which resist phase separation by inclusion of a stabilizing amount of a glutamic acid derivative in the presence of ethanol. The fluids comprise an aqueous discontinuous phase, a silicone oil containing continuous phase, a glutamic acid derivative such as dibutyl ethylhexanoyl glutamide, and ethanol. The fluids may be prepared without heating to solubilize the glutamic acid derivative

1 . A stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion comprising a continuous phase having, as the major component, a silicone oil, a discontinuous phase comprising water, and an amount of a glutamide compound sufficient to stabilize the discontinuous phase in the continuous phase such that the phases do not separate for at least two weeks of storage at 25° C., wherein the glutamide compound has the structure according to formula (I): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein, R 1 , R 2  and R 3  are each independently selected from propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl or nonyl alkyl groups. 
       
     
     
         2 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 1 , wherein R 1  is a pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl or nonyl alkyl group and R 2  and R 3  are independently straight chain alkyl groups having from three to six carbon atoms. 
     
     
         3 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 1 , wherein R 2  and R 3  are each n-butyl groups. 
     
     
         4 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 1 , wherein R 1  is 1-ethylpentyl. 
     
     
         5 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 4 , wherein said glutamide compound has the structure of formula (II) 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         6 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 1 , wherein said emulsion comprises said glutamide compound according to formula (II) in an amount of from about 0.005% to about 3.0% by weight. 
     
     
         7 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 6 , wherein said emulsion comprises said glutamide compound according to formula (II) in an amount of from about 0.02% to about 0.5% by weight. 
     
     
         8 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 7 , wherein said emulsion is stable for at least two weeks at 110° F. 
     
     
         9 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 6 , wherein said silicone oil comprises a volatile silicone oil in an amount from about 20% to about 99% by weight of the emulsion and said water comprises from about 1% to about 50% by weight of the emulsion. 
     
     
         10 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 9 , wherein said silicone oil comprises a silicone fluid having a vapor pressure above about 0.01 mmHg at 20° C. 
     
     
         11 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 6 , wherein said silicone oil is selected from the group comprising cyclomethicone tetramer, cyclomethicone pentamer, cyclomethicone hexamer, trisiloxane, methyl trimethicone, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         12 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 9 , further comprising from about 1% to about 25% by weight ethanol. 
     
     
         13 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 12 , wherein said silicone fluid comprises cyclomethicone pentamer in an amount from about 30% to about 80% by weight of the emulsion, said water comprises from about 10% to about 45% by weight of the emulsion, and said ethanol comprises from about 5% to about 15% by weight of the emulsion. 
     
     
         14 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 1 , further comprising an emulsifier in an amount of less than about 1% by weight of the emulsion. 
     
     
         15 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 14 , wherein said emulsifier comprises an organosiloxane polymer having side chains comprising -(EO) m — and/or —(PO) n — groups, where the sum of n and m is about 50 or less, the side chains being terminated with hydrogen or C 1-8  alkyl groups. 
     
     
         16 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 15 , wherein said emulsifier comprises PEG-10-dimethicone. 
     
     
         17 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 1 , further comprising a water-soluble film former. 
     
     
         18 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 17 , wherein the water soluble film former is a quaternium or polyquaternium. 
     
     
         19 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 1 , further comprising a silicone-based hydrophobic film former. 
     
     
         20 . The stabilized water-in-silicone oil emulsion according to  claim 1 , further comprising a hydrophobically surface-modified oxide selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, tin dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide and combinations thereof.