Biodegradable materials and methods of making the same

Abstract

Biodegradable materials and methods of their manufacture. Certain embodiments of the biodegradable materials include a crustacean shell material, at least one of gelatin, glycerin, and sorbitol, and water, wherein the biodegradable material is characterized in that, when it is exposed to water for an extended period of time, the material at least partially decomposes. Particular embodiments may comprise additional components including sorbitol and glycerin in the case of biodegradable golf ball embodiments, for example.

1 . A biodegradable material comprising
 a crustacean shell material;   at least one of gelatin, glycerin, and sorbitol; and   water; wherein the biodegradable material is characterized in that, when it is exposed to water for an extended period of time, the biodegradable material at least partially decomposes.   
     
     
         2 . The biodegradable material of  claim 1 , wherein the crustacean shell material comprises between about one sixth to about one half of the biodegradable material by weight. 
     
     
         3 . The biodegradable material of  claim 1 , wherein said material is formed into a sphere, cube, parallelogram, cone, pyramid, rectangular prism, triangular prism, or cylinder. 
     
     
         4 . The biodegradable material of  claim 1 , wherein the material comprises both gelatin and glycerin. 
     
     
         5 . The biodegradable material of  claim 1 , wherein the material comprises both gelatin and sorbitol. 
     
     
         6 . The biodegradable material of  claim 1 , wherein the material comprises gelatin, glycerin and sorbitol. 
     
     
         7 . A method of making a biodegradable material, the method comprising
 providing a crustacean shell material, at least one of gelatin,   glycerin, and sorbitol, and water;   mixing the crustacean shell material, at least one of gelatin, glycerin, and sorbitol, and water to form a mixture;   heating said mixture to between about 65° C. to about 100° C.; and   cooling said mixture to form a biodegradable material; wherein the biodegradable material is characterized in that, when it is exposed to water for an extended period of time, the biodegradable material at least partially decomposes.   
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , further comprising forming said mixture into a sphere, cube, parallelogram, cone, pyramid, rectangular prism, triangular prism, or cylinder. 
     
     
         9 . A biodegradable golf ball comprising
 a core comprising
 a crustacean shell material; calcium carbonate; 
 gelatin; sorbitol, water and glycerin; and 
   a shell comprising
 gelatin, water and at least one of glycerin and sorbitol; 
 wherein the biodegradable golf ball is characterized in that, when it is exposed to water for an extended period of time, the biodegradable golf ball at least partially decomposes. 
   
     
     
         10 . The biodegradable golf ball of  claim 9 , wherein crustacean shell material comprises about one sixth or more of the biodegradable golf ball by weight. 
     
     
         11 . The biodegradable golf ball of  claim 9 , wherein gelatin comprises about one third to about two thirds of the biodegradable golf ball by weight. 
     
     
         12 . The biodegradable golf ball of  claim 9 , wherein the shell further comprises a colorant. 
     
     
         13 . The biodegradable golf ball of  claim 9 , wherein the ratio of crustacean shell material, calcium carbonate, gelatin, water, glycerin and sorbitol comprising said core is about 19.5:2.6:19.5:16.9:0.1-2.6:0.1-2.6. 
     
     
         14 . The biodegradable golf ball of  claim 9 , wherein the ratio of gelatin, water, glycerin and sorbitol comprising said shell is about 30:30:0.1-2:0.1-2. 
     
     
         15 . A method of making a biodegradable golf ball comprising
 providing crustacean shell material;   combining crustacean shell material, calcium carbonate, gelatin, sorbitol, water and glycerin to form a core material;   heating the core material to between about 65° C. to about 100° C.;   shaping said core material;   cooling the shaped core material;   providing gelatin, water, and at least one of glycerin and sorbitol;   mixing said gelatin, water, and at least one of glycerin and sorbitol to form a shell material;   enveloping the cooled shaped core material in the shell material;   hardening the shell material to form a biodegradable golf ball; wherein the biodegradable golf ball is characterized in that, when it is exposed to water for an extended period of time, the biodegradable golf ball at least partially decomposes.   
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the crustacean shell material comprises about one sixth or more of the golf ball by weight. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein gelatin comprises about one third to about two thirds of the biodegradable golf ball by weight. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the shell material further comprises a colorant. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the ratio of crustacean shell material, calcium carbonate, gelatin, water, glycerin and sorbitol comprising said core material is about 19.5:2.6:19.5:16.9:0.1-2.6:0.1-2.6. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the ratio of gelatin, water, glycerin and sorbitol comprising said shell material is about 30:30:0.1-2.0:0.1-2.0.