Electrode using three-dimensional network aluminum porous body, and nonaqueous electrolyte battery, capacitor and lithium-ion capacitor with nonaqueous electrolytic solution, each using the electrode

Abstract

In an electrode according to the present invention including a three-dimensional network aluminum porous body as a base material, the electrode is a sheet-shaped electrode, and a cell of the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body has an elliptic shape having a minor axis in the thickness direction of the electrode in a cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction and thickness direction of the electrode, and a cell of the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body has an elliptic shape having a minor axis in the thickness direction of the electrode in a cross section parallel to the width direction and thickness direction of the electrode. The electrode is preferably obtained by subjecting the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body to at least a current collecting lead welding step, an active material filling step and a compressing step.

1 . An electrode comprising a base material, wherein
 the base material is a three-dimensional network aluminum porous body, the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body consisting essentially of an aluminum,   the electrode is a sheet-shaped electrode, and   the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body has an elliptic shaped cell in a cross section parallel to a longitudinal direction and the thickness direction of the electrode, and   the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body has an elliptic shaped cell in a cross section parallel to a width direction and the thickness direction of the electrode.   
     
     
         2 . The electrode according to  claim 1 , which is obtained by subjecting the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body to at least a current collecting lead welding step, an active material filling step and a compressing step. 
     
     
         3 . The electrode according to  claim 1 , wherein when a cross section in the thickness direction of the electrode is divided into three regions of a region 1, a region 2 and a region 3 in this order,
 a ratio of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 1 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is 0.8 or more and 1.2 or less, and   a ratio of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 3 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is 0.8 or more and 1.2 or less.   
     
     
         4 . The electrode according to  claim 1 , wherein when a cross section in the thickness direction of the electrode is divided into three regions of a region 1, a region 2 and a region 3 in this order,
 a ratio of the average of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 1 and the region 3 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is larger than 1.2.   
     
     
         5 . The electrode according to  claim 1 , wherein when a cross section in the thickness direction of the electrode is divided into three regions of a region 1, a region 2 and a region 3 in this order,
 a ratio of the average of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 1 and the region 3 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is smaller than 0.8.   
     
     
         6 . The electrode according to  claim 1 , wherein the outermost surface of the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body is covered with an active material, and the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body is not exposed from the active material. 
     
     
         7 . The electrode according to  claim 1 , wherein the active material is not present in a portion from the outermost surface to a depth of 0.02 mm of the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body. 
     
     
         8 . An electrode comprising a base material, wherein
 the base material is a three-dimensional network aluminum porous body, the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body consisting essentially of an aluminum,   the electrode is a sheet-shaped electrode, and   the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body has an elliptic shaped cell in a cross section parallel to a thickness direction of the electrode.   
     
     
         9 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , wherein when a cross section in the thickness direction of the electrode is divided into three regions of a region 1, a region 2 and a region 3 in this order,
 a ratio of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 1 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is 0.8 or more and 1.2 or less, and   a ratio of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 3 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is 0.8 or more and 1.2 or less.   
     
     
         10 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , wherein when a cross section in the thickness direction of the electrode is divided into three regions of a region 1, a region 2 and a region 3 in this order,
 a ratio of the average of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 1 and the region 3 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is larger than 1.2.   
     
     
         11 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , wherein when a cross section in the thickness direction of the electrode is divided into three regions of a region 1, a region 2 and a region 3 in this order,
 a ratio of the average of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 1 and the region 3 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is smaller than 0.8.   
     
     
         12 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , wherein the outermost surface of the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body is covered with an active material, and the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body is not exposed from the active material. 
     
     
         13 . The electrode according to  claim 8 , wherein the active material is not present in a portion from the outermost surface to a depth of 0.02 mm of the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body. 
     
     
         14 . An electrode comprising a three-dimensional network aluminum porous body as a base material, wherein
 the electrode is a sheet-shaped electrode, and   the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body has a circular shaped cell in a cross section parallel to a thickness direction of the electrode.   
     
     
         15 . The electrode according to  claim 14 , wherein when a cross section in the thickness direction of the electrode is divided into three regions of a region 1, a region 2 and a region 3 in this order,
 a ratio of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 1 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is 0.8 or more and 1.2 or less, and   a ratio of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 3 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is 0.8 or more and 1.2 or less.   
     
     
         16 . The electrode according to  claim 14 , wherein when a cross section in the thickness direction of the electrode is divided into three regions of a region 1, a region 2 and a region 3 in this order,
 a ratio of the average of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 1 and the region 3 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is larger than 1.2.   
     
     
         17 . The electrode according to  claim 14 , wherein when a cross section in the thickness direction of the electrode is divided into three regions of a region 1, a region 2 and a region 3 in this order,
 a ratio of the average of the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 1 and the region 3 to the number of cross sections of an aluminum skeleton in the region 2 is smaller than 0.8.   
     
     
         18 . The electrode according to  claim 14 , wherein the outermost surface of the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body is covered with an active material, and the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body is not exposed from the active material. 
     
     
         19 . The electrode according to  claim 14 , wherein the active material is not present in a portion from the outermost surface to a depth of 0.02 mm of the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body. 
     
     
         20 . A nonaqueous electrolyte battery, comprising using the electrode according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         21 . A capacitor with a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising using the electrode according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         22 . A lithium-ion capacitor with a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising using the electrode according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         23 . A nonaqueous electrolyte battery, comprising using the electrode according to  claim 8 . 
     
     
         24 . A capacitor with a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising using the electrode according to  claim 8 . 
     
     
         25 . A lithium-ion capacitor with a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising using the electrode according to  claim 8 . 
     
     
         26 . A nonaqueous electrolyte battery, comprising using the electrode according to  claim 14 . 
     
     
         27 . A capacitor with a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising using the electrode according to  claim 14 . 
     
     
         28 . A lithium-ion capacitor with a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising using the electrode according to  claim 14 .