Protective system for walls of buildings or containers

Abstract

A protective system protects a wall of a building or container from impact loads. The protective system has a buffer layer which is arranged on the impact side of the wall of the building or container and absorbs the impact energy of the impact load predominantly by plastic deformation. The buffer layer contains a deformation lattice which is formed by a substantially regular arrangement of unit cells and has a number of lattice layers and the intermediate spaces in which are filled with a deformable damping material. Each of the unit cells is composed of a plurality of lattice struts which form the edges of a pyramid.

1 . A protective system for protecting a wall of a building or container from impact loads, the protective system comprising:
 a buffer layer disposed on an impact side of the wall of the building or the container and absorbs an impact energy of an impact load predominantly by plastic deformation, said buffer layer containing:
 a deformation lattice formed by a substantially regular configuration of unit cells forming a number of lattice layers; 
 a deformable damping material filling intermediate spaces in said deformation lattice, said deformable damping material being a fiber-reinforced foamed concrete; and 
 each of said unit cells composed of a plurality of lattice struts forming edges of a pyramid. 
   
     
     
         2 . The protective system according to  claim 1 , wherein said pyramid formed of said lattice struts of a unit cell is a regular pyramid. 
     
     
         3 . The protective system according to  claim 2 , wherein said pyramid formed of said lattice struts of said unit cell has a rectangular base. 
     
     
         4 . The protective system according to  claim 1 , wherein at least two of said lattice layers are provided for said deformation lattice. 
     
     
         5 . The protective system according to  claim 1 , wherein in each case two said lattice layers disposed one directly above the other are disposed laterally offset from one another by a half length of a diagonal of a base of said unit cell in a direction of a diagonal. 
     
     
         6 . The protective system according to  claim 1 , wherein said lattice struts are made of steel. 
     
     
         7 . The protective system according to  claim 1 , wherein said lattice struts are rigidly connected to one another at contact points thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The protective system according to  claim 1 , wherein each of said unit cells has a lateral dimension of approximately 0.5 m to 4.0 m and a vertical dimension of approximately 0.5 m to 4.0 m. 
     
     
         9 . The protective system according to  claim 1 , wherein said buffer layer has a cover layer on an impact side. 
     
     
         10 . The protective system according to  claim 9 , wherein said cover layer is made of a material selected from the group consisting of steel and a composite material. 
     
     
         11 . The protective system according to  claim 9 , wherein said cover layer is attached to said buffer layer by means of anchoring elements. 
     
     
         12 . The protective system according to  claim 1 , wherein bases of said unit cells of each of said lattice layers are disposed in a common plane, and wherein the common plane is disposed parallel to a surface of the wall of the building or the container. 
     
     
         13 . The protective system according to  claim 2 , wherein said pyramid formed of said lattice struts of said unit cell has a square base. 
     
     
         14 . The protective system according to  claim 1 , wherein four to eight of said lattice layers are provided for said deformation lattice. 
     
     
         15 . The protective system according to  claim 1 , wherein said lattice struts are rigidly welded to one another at the contact points thereof. 
     
     
         16 . A building, container or industrial plant, comprising:
 a wall;   a protective system disposed on said wall at least in regions in an expected impact region, said protective system containing:
 a buffer layer disposed on an impact side of said wall and absorbs an impact energy of an impact load predominantly by plastic deformation, said buffer layer containing:
 a deformation lattice formed by a substantially regular configuration of unit cells forming a number of lattice layers; 
 a deformable damping material filling intermediate spaces in said deformation lattice, said deformable damping material being a fiber-reinforced foamed concrete; and 
 each of said unit cells composed of a plurality of lattice struts forming edges of a pyramid.