System and method for producing syngas from carbon based material

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system and method for producing “Syngas” ( 1 ) from carbon based material comprising means for feeding ( 10 ) the material into the system ( 1 ), means for combustion of the material, adapted to produce Syngas, means for use ( 20 ) of the Syngas and means for extraction of the combustion residues, wherein the means for combustion of the material comprise: a sealed combustion chamber, with temperatures between 300 and 600° C., capable of decomposing the organic molecules of the carbon based material into a mixture of gases and into ash; a device for injection of gas ( 330 ) into the combustion chamber; a device for monitoring the quantity of gas introduced/to be introduced into the combustion chamber, capable of guaranteeing a correct sub-stoichiometric ratio for decomposition of the organic molecules.

1 . A system for producing “Syngas” from carbon based material comprising means for feeding said material into said system, means for combustion of said material, adapted to produce Syngas, means for use of said Syngas and means for extraction of the residues of said combustion, wherein said means for combustion of said material comprise:
 a sealed combustion chamber, with temperature between 300 and 600° C., capable of decomposing the organic molecules of said carbon based material into a mixture of gases and into ash; 
 a device for injection of gas into said combustion chamber; 
 a device for monitoring the quantity of gas introduced/to be introduced into said combustion chamber, capable of guaranteeing a correct sub-stoichiometric ratio for decomposition of said organic molecules. 
 
     
     
         2 . The system for producing “Syngas” according to  claim 1 , wherein said device for injection of gas is capable of transforming the chlorine present in said combustion chamber into hydrochloric acid by introducing hydrogen into said combustion chamber. 
     
     
         3 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 1 , wherein it comprises a control device adapted to monitor and/or modify the parameters of said combustion to guarantee a combustion temperature between 300 and 600° C. 
     
     
         4 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 1 , wherein said means for feeding said material into said system comprise at least one hopper operatively connected to at least one conveyor belt and at least one feed auger, so as to guarantee the correct quantity of said material for combustion in said chamber; said hopper obtaining said material through loading from above from said conveyor belt and unloading said material from below into said feed auger of said combustion chamber. 
     
     
         5 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 1 , wherein it comprises means for monitoring said incoming material in said combustion chamber, capable of feeding said combustion chamber in relation to the calorific power of said incoming material. 
     
     
         6 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 1 , wherein said combustion chamber comprises a first decomposition portion, capable of guaranteeing combustion of said material and production of said Syngas from said combustion, and a second decomposition portion, operatively connected to said first decomposition portion, capable of incinerating the carbonous residue deriving from said first combustion portion, by subjecting said residue to excess air. 
     
     
         7 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 1 , wherein said means for extraction of the residues are operatively connected to said combustion chamber; said means for extraction comprising at least one rake conveyor belt, adapted to convey said combustion residues, operatively connected to at least one extraction auger, adapted to separate said combustion ash. 
     
     
         8 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 1 , wherein said means for use of said Syngas comprise at least one chamber for oxidation of said Syngas and means for monitoring oxidation capable of guaranteeing the correct air/Syngas and/or oxygen/Syngas ratio. 
     
     
         9 . A method for producing “Syngas” from carbon based material, wherein it comprises the following steps:
 a. introducing said material into a combustion chamber at a constant temperature between 300 and 600° C.; 
 b. residence of said material in said combustion chamber for a time between 5 and 13 hours; said residence time allowing a combustion capable of decomposing the organic molecules of said material producing Syngas, continuously drawn off, and carbonous residues; 
 c. residence of said carbonous residues at said temperature for a time between 7 and 13 hours with excess air; said excess air being capable of completely incinerating said carbonous residue; 
 d. use of said Syngas and extraction of the ash produced by said combustion and by said incineration. 
 
     
     
         10 . The method for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 9 , wherein said Syngas drawn off is conveyed inside a chamber for oxidation and is completely oxidized through forced injection of air and/or oxygen; said oxidation being capable of producing a gas at constant temperature between 1000 and 1200° C. 
     
     
         11 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 2 , wherein it comprises a control device adapted to monitor and/or modify the parameters of said combustion to guarantee a combustion temperature between 300 and 600° C. 
     
     
         12 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 2 , wherein said means for feeding said material into said system comprise at least one hopper operatively connected to at least one conveyor belt and at least one feed auger, so as to guarantee the correct quantity of said material for combustion in said chamber; said hopper obtaining said material through loading from above from said conveyor belt and unloading said material from below into said feed auger of said combustion chamber. 
     
     
         13 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 3 , wherein said means for feeding said material into said system comprise at least one hopper operatively connected to at least one conveyor belt and at least one feed auger, so as to guarantee the correct quantity of said material for combustion in said chamber; said hopper obtaining said material through loading from above from said conveyor belt and unloading said material from below into said feed auger of said combustion chamber. 
     
     
         14 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 2 , wherein it comprises means for monitoring said incoming material in said combustion chamber, capable of feeding said combustion chamber in relation to the calorific power of said incoming material. 
     
     
         15 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 3 , wherein it comprises means for monitoring said incoming material in said combustion chamber, capable of feeding said combustion chamber in relation to the calorific power of said incoming material. 
     
     
         16 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 4 , wherein it comprises means for monitoring said incoming material in said combustion chamber, capable of feeding said combustion chamber in relation to the calorific power of said incoming material. 
     
     
         17 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 2 , wherein said combustion chamber comprises a first decomposition portion, capable of guaranteeing combustion of said material and production of said Syngas from said combustion, and a second decomposition portion, operatively connected to said first decomposition portion, capable of incinerating the carbonous residue deriving from said first combustion portion, by subjecting said residue to excess air. 
     
     
         18 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 3 , wherein said combustion chamber comprises a first decomposition portion, capable of guaranteeing combustion of said material and production of said Syngas from said combustion, and a second decomposition portion, operatively connected to said first decomposition portion, capable of incinerating the carbonous residue deriving from said first combustion portion, by subjecting said residue to excess air. 
     
     
         19 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 4 , wherein said combustion chamber comprises a first decomposition portion, capable of guaranteeing combustion of said material and production of said Syngas from said combustion, and a second decomposition portion, operatively connected to said first decomposition portion, capable of incinerating the carbonous residue deriving from said first combustion portion, by subjecting said residue to excess air. 
     
     
         20 . The system for producing “Syngas”, according to  claim 5 , wherein said combustion chamber comprises a first decomposition portion, capable of guaranteeing combustion of said material and production of said Syngas from said combustion, and a second decomposition portion, operatively connected to said first decomposition portion, capable of incinerating the carbonous residue deriving from said first combustion portion, by subjecting said residue to excess air.