US2013256235A1PendingUtilityA1

Water treatment compositions and methods of use

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Assignee: KNEIB FRANCISPriority: Mar 28, 2012Filed: Mar 27, 2013Published: Oct 3, 2013
Est. expiryMar 28, 2032(~5.7 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Francis KneibEverett J. NicholsJames R. ScottRyan Wietholter
C02F 2103/365C02F 2103/10C02F 2101/10C02F 1/5245C02F 2303/04C02F 2101/105C02F 1/5263C02F 2103/343C02F 2103/32C02F 2103/20C02F 2101/32
55
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Claims

Abstract

Methods for clarifying water, reducing turbidity of water, and removing phosphate from water include adding a water treatment composition having an aluminum-containing coagulant, and a natural non-charged polysaccharide, such as guar. The aluminum-containing compound can include polyaluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, polyaluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminate, polyaluminum sulfate, polyaluminum silicate chloride, polyaluminum silicate sulfate, or a combination thereof.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows: 
     
         1 . A method for clarifying water or removing phosphate from water, comprising:
 adding an aluminum-containing coagulant selected from polyaluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, polyaluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminate, polyaluminum sulfate, polyaluminum silicate chloride, polyaluminum silicate sulfate or a combination thereof, and a synergistic amount of a natural, non-charged polysaccharide to water containing matter;   forming agglomerations in the water comprising the matter, the aluminum-containing compound, and the polysaccharide; and   removing the agglomerations from the water to remove the matter from the water.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the natural, non-charged polysaccharide is guar. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein adding the aluminum-containing coagulant and polysaccharide comprises adding a solution of aluminum-containing coagulant and guar. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein adding the aluminum-containing coagulant and polysaccharide comprises adding solid forms of aluminum-containing coagulant and guar. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant is substantially 100% by weight polyaluminum chloride. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant is substantially 100% by weight aluminum chlorohydrate. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant is substantially 100% by weight polyaluminum chlorohydrate. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant is substantially 100% by weight aluminum sulfate. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant is substantially 100% by weight sodium aluminate. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant is substantially 100% by weight polyaluminum sulfate. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant is substantially 100% by weight polyaluminum silicate chloride. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant is substantially 100% by weight polyaluminum silicate sulfate. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant comprises a solution of polyaluminum chloride and water. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant comprises a solution of aluminum chlorohydrate and water. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant comprises a solution of polyaluminum chlorohydrate and water. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant comprises a solution of aluminum sulfate and water. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant comprises a solution of sodium aluminate and water. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant comprises a solution of polyaluminum sulfate and water. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant comprises a solution of polyaluminum silicate chloride and water. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant comprises a solution of polyaluminum silicate sulfate and water. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant is a solution made with the compound having the formula Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 .xH 2 O. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant is a solution made with the compound having the formula Al 2 Cl(OH) 5 . 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the ratio of polysaccharide to aluminum-containing coagulant is about 1:34. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the ratio of polysaccharide to aluminum-containing coagulant is about 1:48. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the ratio of polysaccharide to aluminum-containing coagulant ranges from about 1:10 to about 1:100. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing coagulant and the polysaccharide are added as a guar aluminum complex. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein the guar aluminum complex is made by the process comprising adding solid guar to a solid aluminum-containing coagulant and adding water to the solid guar and aluminum-containing coagulant. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing compound and polysaccharide are added together. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the aluminum-containing compound and polysaccharide are added separately. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the phosphate is orthophosphate. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the matter in the water includes microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, protozoans, Cryptosporidium oocysts, Giardia oocysts; proteins, oils, fats, algae, hydrocarbons, metal oxides, metal oxide hydroxides, insoluble starches; pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals; fibers, polyaramids, dredging solids; suspended materials from mine tailings, graphite particles, carbon particles, suspended materials from oil or gas drilling or hydraulic fracturing; suspended matter in recreational or water derived from aquaculture operations or aquariums; suspended matter present in construction runoff; and suspended matter present in water from oil refinery operations. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide is a natural non-charged polysaccharide selected from locust bean gum, starch, konjac, or cellulose. 
     
     
         33 . A method for clarifying water, comprising:
 adding an aluminum-containing coagulant selected from polyaluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, polyaluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminate, polyaluminum sulfate, polyaluminum silicate chloride, polyaluminum silicate sulfate or a combination thereof, and a synergistic amount of a natural, non-charged polysaccharide to water containing a phosphate compound;   forming agglomerations in the water comprising the phosphate compound, the aluminum-containing coagulant, and the polysaccharide; and   removing the agglomerations from the water to remove the phosphate compound from the water.   
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the phosphate compound is orthophosphate. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the polysaccharide is guar. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the aluminum-containing compound is polyaluminum chloride. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the aluminum-containing compound is aluminum chlorohydrate. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the aluminum-containing compound is polyaluminum chlorohydrate. 
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the aluminum-containing compound is aluminum sulfate. 
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the aluminum-containing compound is sodium aluminate. 
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the aluminum-containing compound is polyaluminum sulfate. 
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the aluminum-containing compound is polyaluminum silicate chloride. 
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the aluminum-containing compound is polyaluminum silicate sulfate. 
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the ratio of polysaccharide to aluminum-containing coagulant is about 1:34. 
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the ratio of polysaccharide to aluminum-containing coagulant is about 1:48. 
     
     
         46 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the ratio of polysaccharide to aluminum-containing coagulant ranges from about 1:10 to about 1:100.

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