Method for carbon capture in a gas turbine based power plant with a carbon capture system

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a system comprising a compressor in mechanical communication with a turbine; the compressor being operative to produce compressed air; a premixer; the premixer being operative to mix a fuel with the compressed air; a carbonator being located downstream of the premixer; the carbonator being operative to receive a mixture of carbon dioxide and syngas and to convert a metal oxide into a metal carbonate by reacting it with the carbon dioxide; a calciner; the calciner being operative to receive the metal carbonate from the carbonator; and to dissociate carbon dioxide from the metal carbonate; and a combustor; the combustor being located downstream of the carbonator; where the combustor is operative to combust syngas received from the carbonator.

1 . A system comprising:
 a compressor in mechanical communication with a turbine; the compressor being operative to produce compressed air;   a premixer; the premixer being operative to mix a fuel with the compressed air;   a carbonator being located downstream of the premixer; the carbonator being operative to receive a mixture of carbon dioxide and syngas and to convert a metal oxide into a metal carbonate by reacting it with the carbon dioxide;   a calciner; the calciner being operative to receive the metal carbonate from the carbonator; and to dissociate carbon dioxide from the metal carbonate; and   a combustor; the combustor being located downstream of the carbonator; where the combustor is operative to combust syngas received from the carbonator.   
     
     
         2 . The system of  claim 1 , where the combustor produces steam that is discharged to the turbine. 
     
     
         3 . The system of  claim 1 , where the carbon dioxide dissociated in the calciner is sequestered. 
     
     
         4 . The system of  claim 3 , where the carbon dioxide is cooled prior to being sequestered. 
     
     
         5 . The system of  claim 2 , where the steam is discharged to a heat recovery steam generator after being discharged from the turbine. 
     
     
         6 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising a partial oxidation chamber located downstream of the premixer; where the partial oxidation chamber is operative to partially oxidize the fuel received from the premixer to create syngas. 
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 1 , where the fuel comprises natural gas. 
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising a water gas shift reactor disposed downstream of the premixer; the water gas shift reactor being operative to reform the syngas to carbon dioxide and hydrogen. 
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 1 , where partial oxidation of the fuel, reformation of fuel and the carbonation are all performed in the carbonator. 
     
     
         10 . The system of  claim 1 , where partial oxidation of the fuel and the carbonation are all performed in the carbonator. 
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 1 , where reformation of fuel and the carbonation are all performed in the carbonator. 
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 1 , where a pressure in the carbonator is greater than a pressure in the calciner. 
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 1 , where a pressure in the carbonator is about 16 kilograms per square centimeter to about 34 kilograms per square centimeter and a temperature is about 600 to about 1200° C. 
     
     
         14 . The system of  claim 1 , where flue gases devoid of carbon dioxide are discharged from a heat recovery generator to a stack. 
     
     
         15 . A method comprising:
 discharging a mixture of compressed air and fuel to a partial oxidation chamber;   partially oxidizing the fuel to produce syngas and carbon dioxide;   reacting a metal oxide with the carbon dioxide in a carbonator to produce a metal carbonate;   calcining the metal carbonate in a calciner to produce carbon dioxide and the metal oxide;   recycling the metal oxide to the carbonator from the calciner;   sequestering the carbon dioxide; and   combusting the syngas in a combustor to generate steam.   
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , further comprising discharging the steam to a turbine. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 15 , further comprising cooling the carbon dioxide in a heat exchanger and using water from the heat exchanger in a heat recovery steam generator. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 15 , further comprising using steam to reform the syngas (CO+H2) in a water gas shift reactor into CO2+H2. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 15 , further comprising supplying the combustor with additional fuel. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 15 , where the fuel is natural gas.