Natural marine source phospholipids comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids and their applications

Abstract

A phospholipid extract from a marine or aquatic biomass possesses therapeutic properties. The phospholipid extract comprises a variety of phospholipids, fatty acid, metals and a novel flavonoid.

1 .- 120 . (canceled) 
     
     
         121 . A method for preventing or treating coronary artery disease comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising a phospholipid of the general formula (I), 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein:
 R1 and R2, each together with the respective carboxyl groups to which each is attached, each independently represents a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or an eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) residue, 
 X is —CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3  or 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and
 said composition is suitable for human consumption. 
 
     
     
         122 . The method of  claim 121 , wherein said composition is contained in a capsule suitable for oral administration. 
     
     
         123 . The method of  claim 121 , wherein composition further comprises an additional lipid selected from monoglycerides, triglycerides, cholesterols and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         124 . The method of  claim 121 , wherein said composition comprises polyunsaturated fatty acids in an amount of at least 15% w/w of the total lipids. 
     
     
         125 . The method of  claim 124 , wherein said polyunsaturated fatty acids are omega-3 fatty acids. 
     
     
         126 . The method of  claim 121 , wherein said composition comprises phospholipids in an amount of at least 40% w/w. 
     
     
         127 . The method of  claim 121 , wherein said composition further comprises astaxanthin. 
     
     
         128 . The method of  claim 121 , wherein said composition is derived from an aquatic or marine source. 
     
     
         129 . A method for preventing or treating hypercholesterolemia comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising a phospholipid of the general formula (I), 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein:
 R1 and R2, each together with the respective carboxyl groups to which each is attached, each independently represents a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or an eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) residue, 
 X is —CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3  or 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and
 said composition is suitable for human consumption. 
 
     
     
         130 . The method of  claim 129 , wherein said composition is contained in a capsule suitable for oral administration. 
     
     
         131 . The method of  claim 129 , wherein composition further comprises an additional lipid selected from monoglycerides, triglycerides, cholesterols and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         132 . The method of  claim 129 , wherein said composition comprises polyunsaturated fatty acids in an amount of at least 15% w/w of the total lipids. 
     
     
         133 . The method of  claim 132 , wherein said polyunsaturated fatty acids are omega-3 fatty acids. 
     
     
         134 . The method of  claim 129 , wherein said composition comprises phospholipids in an amount of at least 40% w/w. 
     
     
         135 . The method of  claim 129 , wherein said composition further comprises astaxanthin. 
     
     
         136 . The method of  claim 129 , wherein said composition is derived from an aquatic or marine source. 
     
     
         137 . A method for preventing or treating hypertension comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising a phospholipid of the general formula (I), 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein:
 R1 and R2, each together with the respective carboxyl groups to which each is attached, each independently represents a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or an eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) residue, 
 X is —CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3  or 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and
 said composition is suitable for human consumption. 
 
     
     
         138 . The method of  claim 137 , wherein said composition is contained in a tablet or capsule suitable for oral administration. 
     
     
         139 . The method of  claim 137 , wherein composition further comprises an additional lipid selected from monoglycerides, triglycerides, cholesterols and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         140 . The method of  claim 137 , wherein said composition comprises polyunsaturated fatty acids in an amount of at least 15% w/w of the total lipids. 
     
     
         141 . The method of  claim 140 , wherein said polyunsaturated fatty acids are omega-3 fatty acids. 
     
     
         142 . The method of  claim 137 , wherein said composition comprises phospholipids in an amount of at least 40% w/w. 
     
     
         143 . The method of  claim 137 , wherein said composition further comprises astaxanthin. 
     
     
         144 . The method of  claim 137 , wherein said composition is derived from an aquatic or marine source. 
     
     
         145 . A method for preventing or treating coronary artery disease comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising a krill extract comprising a phospholipid of the formula (I), 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein:
 R1 and R2, each together with the respective carboxyl groups to which each is attached, each independently represents a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or an eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) residue, and X is —CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3,  or 
 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         the extract is extracted under conditions suitable for preserving an effective amount of a phospholipid having two independently selected fatty acid chains within the same molecule selected from EPA and DHA; 
         the extract comprises phospholipids in an amount of at least 40% w/w; 
         the extract comprises omega-3 fatty acids in an amount of at least 15% w/w; 
         the extract comprises astaxanthin and 
         the extract is suitable for human consumption.