System and method using asset sale and loan for risk transference

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a system and method for eliminating or transferring the non-economic risk of financial securities. The system and method serves to avoid non-economic losses in the first instance, and to counter the adverse capital impact of prior non-economic gap losses by providing capital relief consistent with a determined protected amount. A client makes a non-recourse loan to a provider. In return, the provider agrees to purchase a fixed income security (FIS) Portfolio from the client for an purchase price greater than the amount of the loan. If the aggregate principal payments (APP) of the FIS Portfolio exceed the purchase price, the parties engage in profit sharing of the APP over the purchase price. If the final market value of the FIS Portfolio is below the purchase price and above the loan amount, the losses are absorbed by the provider. In a broader implementation of the program, the client makes a revolving term loan to the provider, which over time the provider uses to acquire assets from the client to be used as collateral for the loan.

We claim: 
     
         1 . A method for implementing an asset sale and loan program for quantifying and transferring non-economic risk between a first party and a second party, said method comprising:
 receiving data representing an asset belonging to the first party, wherein the data includes a book value of the asset and principal payments of the asset;   generating an expected value of the asset based on the data representing the asset;   determining a deal value based on the book value and the expected value, wherein the second party agrees under the program to purchase the asset from the first party for the deal value;   determining a loan amount based on the deal value such that the loan amount is less than the deal value, wherein the first party agrees under the program to make a loan to the second party for the loan amount, and wherein the second party agrees under the program to make periodic payments towards the loan from principal payments of the asset;   receiving a term date for the loan;   determining aggregate principal payments (APP) of the asset as of the term date; and   indicating whether the APP exceeds the loan amount;   wherein at least one of the steps of generating an expected value, determining a deal value, determining a loan amount, and determining APP is performed by a computer.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1  wherein calculating an economic value of the asset comprises:
 performing a risk analysis based on the data representing the asset; and 
 determining the net present value of expected future principal payments according to the risk analysis. 
 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the second party agrees under the program to provide to the first party a portion of the APP exceeding the deal value (“excess payments”), and wherein the method further comprises the steps of:
 calculating any excess payments due under the program; and 
 indicating any excess payments due under the program. 
 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1  wherein the data representing the asset further includes a maturity date of the asset, and wherein the term date for the loan is the maturity date of the asset. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1  further comprising the steps of:
 determining a loan interest rate; and 
 calculating a loan interest value, wherein the periodic payments towards the loan include the loan interest value. 
 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1  further comprising the steps of calculating an equity amount based on the deal value and the loan amount, wherein the second party agrees under the program to contribute the equity amount towards the purchase of the asset, and wherein the second party raises the equity amount by issuing equity shares having a face value to third-party investors. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6  further comprising the step of calculating a equity share payment value having a base dividend based on a major interest rate index, wherein the second party agrees under the program to periodically pay the equity share payment to the third-party investors. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7  wherein the equity share payment also has a risk premium dividend that is based on a portion of the face value of the equity shares. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1  further comprising the step of determining a termination fee for the early termination of the loan, wherein the first party is permitted under the program to cancel the program prior to the term date by paying the second party the termination fee. 
     
     
         10 . A computer-readable medium for implementing an asset sale and loan program for quantifying and transferring non-economic risk between a first party and a second party, said computer-readable medium bearing a computer program containing instructions which, when implemented by a computer, cause the computer to execute the steps of:
 receiving data representing an asset belonging to the first party, wherein the data includes a book value of the asset and principal payments of the asset;   generating an expected value of the asset based on the data representing the asset;   determining a deal value based on the book value and the expected value, wherein the second party agrees under the asset sale and loan program to purchase the asset from the first party for the deal value;   determining a loan amount based on the deal value such that the loan amount is less than the deal value, wherein the first party agrees under the asset sale and loan program to make a loan to the second party for the loan amount, and wherein the second party agrees under the asset sale and loan program to make periodic payments towards the loan from the principal payments of the asset;   receiving a term date for the loan;   determining aggregate principal payments (APP) of the asset as of the term date; and   displaying whether the APP exceeds the loan amount;   
     
     
         11 . The computer-readable medium of  claim 10  wherein calculating an economic value of the asset comprises:
 performing a risk analysis based on the data representing the asset; and 
 determining the net present value of expected future principal payments according to the risk analysis. 
 
     
     
         12 . The computer-readable medium of  claim 10  wherein the second party agrees under the asset sale and loan program to provide to the first party a portion of the APP exceeding the deal value (“excess payments”), and wherein the computer program further contains instructions for:
 calculating any excess payments due under the asset sale and loan program; and 
 displaying any excess payments due under the asset sale and loan program. 
 
     
     
         13 . The computer-readable medium of  claim 10  wherein the data representing the asset further includes a maturity date of the asset, and wherein the term date for the loan is the maturity date of the asset. 
     
     
         14 . The computer-readable medium of  claim 10  wherein the computer program further contains instructions for:
 determining a loan interest rate; and 
 calculating a loan interest value, wherein the periodic payments towards the loan include the loan interest value. 
 
     
     
         15 . The computer-readable medium of  claim 10  wherein the computer program further contains instructions for calculating an equity amount based on the deal value and the loan amount, wherein the second party agrees under the asset sale and loan program to contribute the equity amount towards the purchase of the asset, and wherein the second party raises the equity amount by issuing equity shares having a face value to third-party investors. 
     
     
         16 . The computer-readable medium of  claim 15  wherein the computer program further contains instructions for calculating a equity share payment value having a base dividend based on a major interest rate index, wherein the second party agrees under the asset sale and loan program to periodically pay the equity share payment to the third-party investors. 
     
     
         17 . The computer-readable medium of  claim 16  wherein the equity share payment also has a risk premium dividend that is based on a portion of the face value of the equity shares. 
     
     
         18 . The computer-readable medium of  claim 10  wherein the computer program further contains instructions for determining a termination fee for the early termination of the loan, wherein the first party is permitted under the asset sale and loan program to cancel the asset sale and loan program prior to the term date by paying the second party the termination fee. 
     
     
         19 . An apparatus for implementing an asset sale and loan program for quantifying and transferring non-economic risk between a first party and a second party, said apparatus comprising:
 a processor;   a display;   a memory coupled to the processor and containing instructions executable by the processor which, when implemented by the processor, cause the processor to execute the steps of:
 receiving data representing an asset belonging to the first party, wherein the data includes a book value of the asset and principal payments of the asset; 
 generating an expected value of the asset based on the data representing the asset; 
 determining a deal value based on the book value and the expected value, wherein the second party agrees under the program to purchase the asset from the first party for the deal value; 
 determining a loan amount based on the deal value such that the loan amount is less than the deal value, wherein the first party agrees under the program to make a loan to the second party for the loan amount, and wherein the second party agrees under the program to make periodic payments towards the loan from the principal payments of the asset; 
 receiving a term date for the loan; 
 determining aggregate principal payments (APP) of the asset as of the term date; and 
 displaying whether the APP exceeds the loan amount on the display. 
   
     
     
         20 . The apparatus of  claim 19  wherein calculating an economic value of the asset comprises:
 performing a risk analysis based on the data representing the asset; and 
 determining the net present value of expected future principal payments according to the risk analysis. 
 
     
     
         21 . The apparatus of  claim 19  wherein the second party agrees under the program to provide to the first party a portion of the APP exceeding the deal value (“excess payments”), and wherein the memory further contains instructions for:
 calculating any excess payments due under the program; and 
 displaying any excess payments due under the program. 
 
     
     
         22 . The apparatus of  claim 19  wherein the data representing the asset further includes a maturity date of the asset, and wherein the term date for the loan is the maturity date of the asset. 
     
     
         23 . The apparatus of  claim 19  wherein the memory further contains instructions for:
 determining a loan interest rate; and 
 calculating a loan interest value, wherein the periodic payments towards the loan include the loan interest value. 
 
     
     
         24 . The apparatus of  claim 19  wherein the memory further contains instructions for calculating an equity amount based on the deal value and the loan amount, wherein the second party agrees under the program to contribute the equity amount towards the purchase of the asset, and wherein the second party raises the equity amount by issuing equity shares having a face value to third-party investors. 
     
     
         25 . The apparatus of  claim 24  wherein the memory further contains instructions for calculating a equity share payment value having a base dividend based on a major interest rate index, wherein the second party agrees under the program to periodically pay the equity share payment to the third-party investors. 
     
     
         26 . The apparatus of  claim 25  wherein the equity share payment also has a risk premium dividend that is based on a portion of the face value of the equity shares. 
     
     
         27 . The apparatus of  claim 19  wherein the memory further contains instructions for determining a termination fee for the early termination of the loan, wherein the first party is permitted under the program to cancel the program prior to the term date by paying the second party the termination fee.