Salt compositions and explosives using the same

Abstract

This invention relates to novel salt compositions and to explosive compositions comprising said salt compositions. The salt compositions are useful as emulsifiers in the explosive compositions. The explosive compositions are water-in-oil emulsion explosives.

We claim: 
     
         1 . A composition comprising: (A) salt moieties derived from
 (A)(I) at least one polycarboxylic acylating agent, said acylating agent (A)(I) having at least one hydrocarbyl substituent having an average of from about 20 to about 500 carbon atoms, and   (A)(II) one or more members selected from the group consisting of ammonia, at least one amine, at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal compound;   where two of said moieties (A) are coupled together by (B) at least one compound having at least two hydroxyls and at least one tertiary amino group.   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein (A)(I) is derived from at least one alpha-beta olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid or acid-producing compound, said acid or acid-producing compound containing no less than 20 carbon atoms exclusive of the carboxyl groups. 
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein (A)(I) is represented by any one or more of the following formulae: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each R 1  in each formula is independently said hydrocarbyl substituent of (A)(I) and wherein each R 2  in each formula is independently hydrogen or a methyl group. 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein said hydrocarbyl substituent of (A)(I) is a poly(isobutylene) group. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein component (B) comprises at least one tertiary amine of the formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each a, b, and c is independently 0 or 1 so long as the total of a+b+c is at least 2, and wherein each R 3 , R 4  and R 5  is independently a hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 50 carbon atoms or an —(—R 6 —O—) n — group wherein R 6  is a alkenyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and n is an integer from 1 to 50 or from 1 to 20. 
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein component (B) comprises at least one tertiary amine of the formula: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein each R 8  is independently a hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and where R 9  is a hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 50 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein component (A)(II) comprises at least one alkylene polyamine of the formula 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein n is a number of from 1 to about 10, each R 7  is independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group or a hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbyl group having up to about 700 carbon atoms, and the Alkylene group has from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein component (B) comprises: 3-(didodecylamino)propane-1,2-diol, tallow-bis-(2-hydroxylethyl)amine, N-methyldiethanolamine, N-ethyldiethanolamine, N-propyldiethanolamine N-n-butyldiethanolamine N-tert-butyldiethanolamine N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine N-2-ethylhexyldiethanolamine, N-amyldiethanolamine, N-isobutyldiethanolamine, N-sec-butyldiethanolamine, N-dodecyldiethanolamine, N-hexadecyldiethanolamine, N-hydrogenated rapeseed alkyldiethanolamine, N-hydrogenated tallowalkyldiethanolamine, N-phenyldiethanolamine, N-m-tolyldiethanolamine, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)octadecylamine, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)cocoalkylamines, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)oleylamine, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)soyaalkylamines, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)tallowalkylamines, polyoxyethylene (5) octadecylamine, polyoxyethylene (15) octadecylamine, polyoxyethylene (5) cocoalkylamines, polyoxyethylene (15) cocoalkylamines, polyoxyethylene (5) soyaalkylamines, polyoxyethylene (15) soyaalkylamines, polyoxyethylene (5) tallowalkylamines, polyoxyethylene (15) tallowalkylamines, polyoxyethylene (20) tallowalkylamine, 3-(dimethylamino)-1,2-propanediol, 3-(diethylamino)-1,2-propanediol, 3-(dipropylamino)-1,2-propanediol, 3-(diisopropylamino)-1,2-propanediol, 3-(dioctadecylamino)-1,2-propanediol, 3-(dicocylalkylamino)-1,2-propanediol, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein component (B) further comprises at least one polyol. 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 9  wherein the molar ratio of tertiary amine to polyol in component (B) is from 1:0.5 to 10:1. 
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 1  further comprising diluent such that the composition of  claim 1  is present in the composition from about 10% to about 90% by weight, resulting in a concentrate composition. 
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 1  further comprising an oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen-supplying component with an organic phase comprising at least one carbonaceous fuel, resulting in an explosive composition. 
     
     
         13 . An emulsion explosive composition comprising a discontinuous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen-supplying component, a continuous organic phase comprising at least one carbonaceous fuel, said carbonaceous fuel comprising at least one wax, and an emulsifying amount of the composition of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         14 . A cartridge comprising a cartridge casing containing either a cap-sensitive or booster sensitive emulsion explosive, said emulsion comprising a discontinuous oxidizer phase comprising at least one oxygen-supplying component, a continuous organic phase comprising at least one carbonaceous fuel, and an emulsifying amount of the composition of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein said hydrocarbyl substituent of (A)(I) is substantially free of hydrocarbon groups containing less than 20 carbon atoms.