X-ray waveguide, method for manufacturing x-ray waveguide, and method for controlling x-ray waveguide

Abstract

An X-ray waveguide includes a core having a periodic structure in which basic structures made of a plurality of materials having different real parts of refractive indexes are periodically disposed, a cladding formed on an outer side of the core to confine X-rays in the core through total reflection and including at least a portion with a gap between the cladding and the core, and a driving unit which drives at least a portion of the cladding or the core to change a distance of the gap. A critical angle for total reflection of the X-rays in the interface between the cladding and the gap is larger than a Bragg angle corresponding to the periodic structure of the core, and a critical angle for total reflection in an interface between a plurality of ingredients which form the periodic structure of the core is smaller than the Bragg angle.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . An X-ray waveguide comprising:
 a core having a periodic structure in which basic structures made of a plurality of substances having different real parts of refractive indexes are periodically disposed;   claddings formed on the outer side of the core to confine X-rays in the core through total reflection,   a gap formed at least a portion between the cladding and the core; and   a driving unit configured to drive at least a portion of the cladding or the core to change the distance of the gap,   wherein the critical angle for total reflection of the X-rays at the interface between the cladding and the gap is larger than the Bragg angle corresponding to the structural period of the core, and the critical angle for total reflection at the interface between the plurality of the substances having different real parts of refractive indexes, which form the periodic structure of the core, is smaller than the Bragg angle.   
     
     
         2 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 1 , wherein the gap is filled with a fluid or is under vacuum. 
     
     
         3 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 1 , wherein the driving unit changes the distance of the gap by driving at least a portion of the cladding or by driving a portion other than the said portion of the clad. 
     
     
         4 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 1 , wherein the driving unit is a piezo actuator. 
     
     
         5 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 1 , wherein the periodic structure of the core has a number of periods of 20 or more. 
     
     
         6 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 1 , wherein the core is an inorganic multilayer film or an organic-inorganic mesostructured film or a mesoporous materials film. 
     
     
         7 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of substances having different real parts of refractive indexes is an oxide. 
     
     
         8 . An X-ray waveguide comprising:
 a plurality of components which include a cladding portion and a core portion in which a plurality of substances having different real parts of refractive indexes are periodically disposed on the cladding portion, wherein the critical angle for total reflection at the interface between the cladding portion and the core portion is larger than the Bragg angle corresponding to the structural period of the core portion for X-rays with the same wavelengths, and the critical angle for total reflection at the interface between the plurality of substances having different real parts of refractive indexes, which form the core portion, is smaller than the Bragg angle; and   a position control unit configured to control the positional relationship between at least one of the first component of the plurality of components and the second component facing the first component,   wherein the plurality of components face each other with the core portions set to an inner side thereof, and the structural period of the core portions of the facing components is the same to each other.   
     
     
         9 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 8 , wherein the position control unit is a piezo actuator. 
     
     
         10 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 8 , wherein the core portions of the first component and the second component have structural periodicity in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the cladding portion. 
     
     
         11 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 8 , wherein the core portions of the first component and the second component have a one-dimensional periodic structure in which the plurality of substances having different real parts of refractive indexes are periodically stacked. 
     
     
         12 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 8 , wherein the core portions of the first component and the second component are organic-inorganic mesostructured films. 
     
     
         13 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 8 , wherein the core portions of the first component and the second component are mesoporous materials films. 
     
     
         14 . The X-ray waveguide according to  claim 12 , wherein the core portions of the first component and the second component are formed by self-assembly of amphiphilic materials. 
     
     
         15 . A method for manufacturing an X-ray waveguide comprising:
 preparing a component of an X-ray waveguide by forming a core portion in which a plurality of substances having different real parts of refractive indexes are periodically formed on a cladding portion;   disposing the plurality of the components having the core portions with the same structural period so as to face the core portions each other; and   installing a mechanism capable of controlling the positional relationship between at least one of the first components and the second component facing the first component.   
     
     
         16 . A method for controlling an X-ray waveguide in which a plurality of components, which includes cladding portions and a core portion in which a plurality of substances having different real parts of refractive indexes are periodically formed on the cladding portion comprising:
 disposing the plurality of components so as to facing the core portions each other, and   controlling the positional relationship between at least one of the first components and the second component facing the first component, and   resonating X-rays to be guided based on the periodic structure of the core portion.