Adsorption heat pump and use of adsorbent as adsorbent for adsorption heat pump

Abstract

An adsorption heat pump using a heat source having a lower temperature and an adsorbent which has a large difference in water adsorption amount in adsorption/desorption and can be regenerated at a low temperature. An adsorption heat pump including an adsorbate, an adsorption/desorption part having an adsorbent for adsorbate adsorption/desorption, a vaporization part for adsorbate vaporization connected to the adsorption/desorption part, and a condensation part for adsorbate condensation connected to the adsorption/desorption part, wherein the adsorbent, when examined at 25° C., gives a water vapor adsorption isotherm which, in the relative vapor pressure range of from 0.05 to 0.30, has a relative vapor pressure region in which a change in relative vapor pressure of 0.15 results in a change in water adsorption amount of 0.18 g/g or larger.

1 - 41 . (canceled) 
     
     
         42 . An adsorption heat pump which comprises an adsorbate, an adsorption/desorption part having an adsorbent for adsorbate adsorption/desorption, a vaporization part for adsorbate vaporization which is connected to the adsorption/desorption part, and operates with a heat source of 100° C. or below, wherein the adsorbent, when examined at 25° C., produces a water vapor adsorption isotherm which, in the relative vapor pressure range of from 0.05 to 0.30, has a relative vapor pressure region in which a change in relative vapor pressure of 0.15 results in a change in water adsorption amount of 0.18 g/g or larger. 
     
     
         43 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbent comprises a zeolite having a framework density in the range of from 10.0 T/1,000 Å 3  to 16.0 T/1,000 Å 3 . 
     
     
         44 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbent has a pore diameter of from 3 Å to 10 Å and a heat of adsorption of from 40 kJ/mol to 65 kJ/mol. 
     
     
         45 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbent is a zeolite comprising at least aluminum, phosphorus, and a heteroatom in the framework structure. 
     
     
         46 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 45 , wherein the zeolite has the proportions of atoms present therein represented by the following expressions (1), (2), and (3):
   0.001 ≦x≦ 0.3  (1)
   wherein x represents the molar proportion of the heteroatom in the framework structure to the sum of aluminum, phosphorus, and the heteroatom in the framework structure;
   0.3 ≦y≦ 0.6  (2)
 
   wherein y represents the molar proportion of aluminum in the framework structure to the sum of aluminum, phosphorus, and the heteroatom in the framework structure;
   0.3 ≦z≦ 0.6  (3)
 
   wherein z represents the molar proportion of phosphorus in the framework structure to the sum of aluminum, phosphorus, and the heteroatom in the framework structure.   
     
     
         47 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 45 , wherein the heteroatom is silicon. 
     
     
         48 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the heteroatom is silicon and the zeolite gives a  29 Si-MAS-NMR spectrum in which the integrated intensity area for the signals at from −108 ppm to −123 ppm is not more than 10% based on the integrated intensity area for the signals at from −70 ppm to −123 ppm. 
     
     
         49 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 48 , wherein the zeolite gives a  29 Si-MAS-NMR spectrum in which the integrated intensity area for the signals at from −70 ppm to −92 ppm is not less than 25% based on the integrated intensity area for the signals at from −70 ppm to −123 ppm. 
     
     
         50 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the zeolite has a structure represented by CHA in terms of the code defined by International Zeolite Association (IZA). 
     
     
         51 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbent has a zeolite content of 60% by weight or higher based on the whole adsorbent. 
     
     
         52 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbent, when examined at 25° C., gives a water vapor adsorption isotherm in which the adsorption amount at a relative vapor pressure of 0.05 is 0.15 g/g or less. 
     
     
         53 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the vaporization part generates cold. 
     
     
         54 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorption/desorption part is directly connected to the condensation part. 
     
     
         55 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbate is water and the vaporization part removes the water from the adsorbent at a temperature of 100° C. or higher. 
     
     
         56 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbate is water and the vaporization part removes the water from the adsorbent at a temperature of 90° C. or lower. 
     
     
         57 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbate is water and the vaporization part removes the water from the adsorbent at a temperature of 60-90° C. 
     
     
         58 . An air conditioning system for vehicles which has the adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 . 
     
     
         59 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbate is water and the vaporization part removes the water from the adsorbent at a temperature of 100° C. or lower. 
     
     
         60 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbate is water and the vaporization part removes the water from the adsorbent at a temperature of 90° C. or lower. 
     
     
         61 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein the adsorbate is water and the vaporization part removes the water from the adsorbent at a temperature of 60-90° C. 
     
     
         62 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 42 , wherein only a single adsorption/desorption part is used in each adsorption/desorption cycle and the adsorption amount of the adsorbent during the adsorption cycle is 0.30 g/g or larger determined from an adsorption isotherm at 25° C. 
     
     
         63 . An adsorption heat pump which comprises an adsorbate, an adsorption/desorption part having an adsorbent for adsorbate adsorption/desorption, a vaporization part for adsorbate vaporization which is connected to the adsorption/desorption part, and a condensation part for adsorbate condensation which is connected to the adsorption/desorption part, and operates with a heat source of 100° C. or below, wherein the adsorbent is a zeolite comprising aluminum, phosphorus, and a heteroatom in the framework structure. 
     
     
         64 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 63 , wherein the adsorption/desorption part is directly connected to the condensation part. 
     
     
         65 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 63 , wherein the adsorption/desorption part is directly connected to the only vaporization part and the condensation part. 
     
     
         66 . The adsorption heat pump as claimed in  claim 63 , wherein the adsorption/desorption part is directly connected to the only vaporization part and the condensation part. 
     
     
         67 . An adsorption heat pump which comprising (a) an adsorbate, (b) an adsorption/desorption part having an adsorbent for adsorbate adsorption/desorption, (c) a vaporization part for adsorbate vaporization which is connected to the adsorption/desorption part, and (d) a condensation part for adsorbate condensation which has been connected to the adsorption/desorption part, and operates with a heat source of 100° C. or below, wherein the adsorbent is a zeolite comprising aluminum, phosphorus, and silicon in the framework structure, and the zeolite gives a  29 Si-MAS-NMR spectrum in which the integrated intensity area of the signals at from −108 ppm to −123 ppm is not more than 10% based on the integrated intensity area for the signals at from −70 ppm to −123 ppm. 
     
     
         68 . A method comprising heating an adsorbent having an adsorbate with a heat source of 100° C. or lower to desorb the adsorbate, cooling the adsorbent dried to a temperature to be used for adsorbate adsorption, and again adsorbing the adsorbate, wherein the adsorbent, when examined at 25° C., gives a water vapor adsorption isotherm which, in the relative vapor pressure range of from 0.05 to 0.30, has a relative vapor pressure region in which a change in relative vapor pressure of 0.15 results in a change in water adsorption amount of 0.18 g/g or larger. 
     
     
         69 . The method as claimed in  claim 68 , wherein the zeolite has a framework density in a range of from 10.0 T/1,000 Å 3  to 16.0 T/1,000 Å 3 . 
     
     
         70 . The method as claimed in  claim 68 , wherein the zeolite has a pore diameter of from 3 {acute over (Å)} 3  to 10 {acute over (Å)} 3 , and has differential heat of adsorption of from 50 kJ/mol to 65 kJ/mol. 
     
     
         71 . The method as claimed in  claim 68 , wherein the zeolite comprises aluminum, phosphorus, and a heteroatom in the framework structure. 
     
     
         72 . The method as claimed in  claim 71 , wherein the zeolite has the proportions of atoms present therein are represented by the following expressions (1), (2), and (3):
   0.001 ≦x≦ 0.3  (1)
   wherein x represents the molar proportion of the heteroatom in the framework structure to the sum of aluminum, phosphorus, and the heteroatom in the framework structure;
   0.3 ≦y≦ 0.6  (2)
 
   wherein y represents the molar proportion of aluminum in the framework structure to the sum of aluminum, phosphorus, and the heteroatom in the framework structure;
   0.3 ≦z≦ 0.6  (3)
 
   wherein z represents the molar proportion of phosphorus in the framework structure to the sum of aluminum, phosphorus, and the heteroatom in the framework structure.   
     
     
         73 . The method as claimed in  claim 71 , wherein the heteroatom is silicon. 
     
     
         74 . The method as claimed in  claim 68 , wherein the zeolite comprises aluminum, phosphorus, and silicon in the framework structure, and the zeolite gives a  29 Si-MAS-NMR spectrum in which the integrated intensity area for the signals at from −108 ppm to −123 ppm is not more than 10% based on the integrated intensity area for the signals at from −70 ppm to −123 ppm. 
     
     
         75 . The method as claimed in  claim 74 , wherein the zeolite gives a  29 Si-MAS-NMR spectrum in which the integrated intensity area for the signals at from −70 ppm to −92 ppm is not less than 25% based on the integrated intensity area for the signals at from −70 ppm to −123 ppm. 
     
     
         76 . The method as claimed in  claim 68 , wherein the zeolite has the structure represented by CHA in terms of the code defined by International Zeolite Association (IZA). 
     
     
         77 . The method as claimed in  claim 68 , wherein the zeolite content is 60% by weight or higher based on the whole adsorbent. 
     
     
         78 . The method as claimed in  claim 68 , wherein the zeolite gives a water vapor adsorption isotherm in which the water vapor adsorption amount at a relative vapor pressure of 0.05 to 0.15 g/g or less.