Passive fire resistant system for filling a space or gap confined by construction elements and a prefabricated multilayered structure of such a system

Abstract

A passive fire resistant system for filling a space or gap confined by construction elements, for resisting the spread of a nearby fire through the space or gap, wherein the system comprises: at least two first layers of a first, material which comprises a fire resistant elastomeric foam raving a closed cell structure; and at least one second layer of a second material sandwiched between two first layers, the second material comprising a polymer and each second layer having surfaces which, as an initial response to a rise in their temperature from room temperature, exhibit a transition into an adhesive, the first and second layers extending parallel to each other, the second material being stiffer than the first material.

1 . A passive fire resistant system for filling a space or gap confined by construction elements, for resisting the spread of a nearby fire through the space or gap, wherein the system comprises:
 at least two first layers of a first material which comprises a fire resistant elastomeric foam having a closed cell structure; and   at least one second layer of a second material sandwiched between two first layers, the second material comprising a polymer and each second layer having surfaces which, as an initial response to a rise in their temperature from room temperature, exhibit a transition into an adhesive, the first and second layers extending parallel to each other, the second material being stiffer than the first material.   
     
     
         2 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the at least one second layer is adhesively sandwiched between two first layers by adhesive contact of the second layer with each of these first layers. 
     
     
         3 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein each first layer is sandwiched between two second layers of the second material. 
     
     
         4 . A system according to  claim 3 , wherein each first layer is adhesively sandwiched between two second layers of the second material by adhesive contact of these second layers with the first layer. 
     
     
         5 . A system according to  claim 2 , wherein the adhesive contact is a result of preheating a surface of a second layer, pressing that preheated surface against a surface of a first layer, and then letting these surfaces which are pressed against each other cool down. 
     
     
         6 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a cross-linkable polymer. 
     
     
         7 . A system according to  claim 6 , wherein the second material comprises a vulcanizing agent that is activated at a temperature above about 140° C. 
     
     
         8 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the polymer is EPDM or EVA. 
     
     
         9 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the second material comprises at least one component that causes the second material to thermally expand in a relatively low predetermined temperature range of which a lowest temperature is above a temperature at which the transition into an adhesive is exhibited. 
     
     
         10 . A system according to  claim 7 , wherein the first material comprises at least one component that causes the first material to thermally expand in a relatively high predetermined temperature range of which a lowest temperature is above a temperature at which the surfaces of the second material exhibit a transition into an adhesive and is at about a temperature at which the vulcanizing agent is activated. 
     
     
         11 . A system according to  claim 9 , wherein the at least one component is a thermally expandable graphite. 
     
     
         12 . A system according to  claim 11 , wherein the graphite is a pH-neutralized graphite. 
     
     
         13 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the first material comprises at least one crust-forming, fire retardant component. 
     
     
         14 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein each of the first layers has a thickness within a range varying from about 1-4 cm, preferably within a range varying from 2-3 cm, even more preferably is about 2.5 cm. 
     
     
         15 . A system according to  claim 1 , wherein the second layer has a thickness within a range varying from 1-4 mm, preferably 2-3 mm, and even more preferably is about 2.5 mm.