Transport system

Abstract

A railway can have trains for generally high speed if curves have very large radius. For this to be generally possible the trains must be able to nm in steep slopes. When driving wheels are pressed against the rail head sides a double drive force from friction is achieved and controlled by a separate force independent of the weight of the train. The carrying wheels are made free from lateral forces by suspended them in cardan rings. The driving wheels running on the rail head sides also only steer if no force is applied. The switches can be free from movable pars Wheels against flank rails parallel to the outermost rails keeps the train left in the switches. Double-rotor motors give the driving. They can be attached to the wheels on the rail head side, hut also to the carrying cardules. Such motors can also be placed within the carrying wheels, in cardules and m the driving wheels on the sides. The rails can get trapeze form. With tube formed rails they can be filled with cables and sand for isolation from noise.

1 . Railway characterized in that the carriages and engines are carried by wheels essentially free from cross forces
 and that they are steered by wheels, which can be mainly free from cross forces and steer devices like slide blocks, magnetized wheel, magnets, windings which are pushing and polling against the rail heads   and driven by wheels and magnets on a line with rails, which has along the line varying gauge.   
     
     
         2 . Railway according to  1  and  2  characterized in that at points there are added flank rails parallel with the outermost rail making a railector, which steer the carriages and engines against one of the outermost rail heads by steer and drive wheels and on the carriages and engines low on their sides have flank wheels with vertical axes steer against a flank rail. 
     
     
         3 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the carriages and engines are steered and railected with steer mechanisms, which can be driving against the rail sides, which are shaped for this like rails with trapeze formed cross-section. 
     
     
         4 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the carriages and engines have double-rotor motors, which drives the steer and carrying wheels and thus the lines instead of switches have railectors. 
     
     
         5 . Railway according to  1  and  2  characterized in that the carriages and engines has steer beams low sitting on their sides and that flank bars going parallel to the outermost rails have wheels which roll on the beams when passing a railector. 
     
     
         6 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the carriages and engines have wheels free from cross forces and a rolling surface, which is a part of a sphere, part of an ellipsoid, a cylinder surface and a saddle surface and the wheels sit in a cardan suspension, cardule, with ring whose axis taps are front-rear going. 
     
     
         7 . Railway according to  1  and  6  characterized in that the carriages and engines have rolling surface on the wheels which are modified with different form on right and left side, like conic and deviations from those named surfaces, which give better steering and creep laterally and thus reduce tilting of the wheels. 
     
     
         8 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the carriages and engines has steer wheels, which has tilted axes and are adapted to the rails with conic contact surface against Virgil rails and cylindrical surface against rails with tilted sides like trapeze formed four edged tubes and of flat bars and from U-profiles composed tube formed rails with sand and cables. 
     
     
         9 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the carriages and engines has steering wheels with vertical axes and rolls against the rail sides. 
     
     
         10 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the carriages and engines has the carrying wheels steered by wheels with flanges on the inner sides to manage going on ordinary tracks and switches. 
     
     
         11 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the carriages and engines has the carrying wheels steered by wheels with flanges on both sides for running on lines with variable gauge. 
     
     
         12 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the carriages and engines run on ordinary rails superimposed with flat steels, rods part of rails superstructure on the rail heads, superstructure on the rail down to the foots and that in different degree for different stiff hills and acceleration parts. 
     
     
         13 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the railectors has completely rigid rails,
 with partly fillings between the rails, which can lift steer wheels, and make railectors for the trains with contact surfaces outside the outermost rails and has flank rail with or without 
 row of wheels, which the train with or without flank wheels can be flush to and thus sits parallel 
 to and outside the outermost rails. 
 
     
     
         14 . Railway according to  1  and  13  characterized in that the steer wheels can be lifted, which is controlled from signal and communication with the railector system, at the driver and from central, but also with mechanical force if they sit in down position when they run into a railector. 
     
     
         15 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the one type of wheel, which is free from cross forces consists of a fix wheel with ball formed possibly springy carrying surface on which sits a moveable springy ring with spherical inner surface and suitable outer surface. 
     
     
         16 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that one type of wheel consist of cone shaped rolls with bow formed generatrix with the radius as big as the wheel radius form the wheel ring by being made to rotate on after each other sitting axes composed and with material fixed in the hub. 
     
     
         17 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that one type of wheel consist of big and small symmetrical rolls with bow formed generatrix with the radius as big as the wheel radius form the wheel ring by in order every second roll being made to rotate on axes composed and with material fixed in the hub. 
     
     
         18 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that it has one type of wheel, which are dressed with warped ring, which is fasten with cogs, bands, taps and gables and sit on an axis, which is made for sliding in its bearing and is steered with some mechanism by the position of the rail. 
     
     
         19 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the trains have broad carriages for cars, which will be let in from one side and out from the other side and that the cars can be packed like a bookcase. 
     
     
         20 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the bodies for  2 W,  3 W etc. will be built with many floors, corridors, lifts, doors between bodies and belvedere. { 21 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that double-rotor motors rotate the drive wheels provided from the steer wheels by pressing them against the rail and rotate the cardule.} 
     
     
         22 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that double-rotor motors, which both rotors via built in gear drives the wheels and are provided with voltage via brushes in the center of the axis and that the inertia moment in the rotors compensate Coriolis-forces to a dimension capable of functioning. 
     
     
         23 . Railway according to  1  and  3  characterized in that the driving in especially hills with linear electric motors as steer devises made with pole-shoes of electro-plate folded along and cross the motor with greater radius than the plate thickness, so that light pole-shoes spread the magnetic field and reduce the magnetic resistance in the air gap. 
     
     
         24 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the motors are made with pole-shoes as in  claim 20  but placed circularly. 
     
     
         25 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the carrying cardule has its front—rear axis within the bearing, so this cardule consist of a short tube, which has two holes, preferable following the in diameter, for one within a middle part widened front—rear axis, which in the ends has bearings on which sits a rod, which with some distance fit into the short tube and which other end directly or indirectly via e.g. spring system sits in a body. 
     
     
         26 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the steering and driving wheels are cardules in pair, which roll against the sides of a rail in that angle of the axes, which a rolling claim and that a duostator between those rotors consist of rods of magnetic material like packs of band of electro plate formed in the ends to connect with air gaps to the rotors and bearing windings preferably for 3-phase alternating voltage and also direct voltage over half the duostator and over separate rods accomplish rotation and press against the rail. 
     
     
         27 . Railway according to  1  and  26  characterized in that the rotors are composed of teeth with thickness in the inner end for contribution to the inner part of the rotor in the form of a ring. 
     
     
         28 . Railway according to  1 ,  26  and  27  characterized in that a variant of teeth is accomplished of a pack of band, which get upset ends to give pole-shoes and from the center part are wounded with two flat rings are wounded with two flat rings of band with in the beginning increasing width and in the end waning width, outside the flat rings superimposed U-formed conductor with waning thickness against the inner edge and outermost conducting strong rods, which are lied over and under the pack, after which the whole is folded in the middle to two teeth, which together with many other double teeth are fasten at each other to ring after which the U-formed conductors are fasten together and a strong conducting ring is affixed to the rods. 
     
     
         29 . Railway according to  1 ,  26  and  27  characterized in that one variant of teeth is rolled of band to a ring, which is formed to pole-shoe in the one end and to loop in the other end, after which the unite through the loop is provided with rod, which is lied against the inside on two rings rolled of band and at last the conducting rods are treaded between the pole-shoes and the ring and is fastened together with the ring. 
     
     
         30 . Railway according to  1 ,  26  and  27  characterized in that a variant of teeth is accomplished of a pack of band, which is given upset ends to give pole-shoes and close to the ends are provided with conductors, will be bent in the middle part and pressed flat in the accomplished inner end, which provides with rolled band, which ends with waning width, so that the unite together with many other pressed unites perform a short connected rotor. 
     
     
         31 . Railway according to  1  and  30  characterized in that the pack of band instead will be bent and pressed round a flat pressed roll of band. 
     
     
         32 . Railway according to  1  and  28  characterized in that the polling magnet sits in the space between the wheels. 
     
     
         33 . Railway according to  1  and  4  characterized in that the steering drive wheels are pressed together by wires, which run on sheaves, as in blocks in tackles, which sits between the steer and drive wheels and the rotors and which sheaves sits on special bearings consist of a broad inner ring with many outside lying rows of rolls of bolls on which many outer rings for sheaves lie, at which the sheaves axis tilt so that the wires are directed so that they point to the head on the rail and after that goes via a bending wheel to another bending wheel on the outer side of the rail. 
     
     
         34 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that it has in pares steer and drive wheels, of which one roll on the left side of the rail head and is a cardule, which front-rear axis lie over the rail and has holds in the center of a 3-phase inner stator fastened in a girder under the body or a platform surrounded by a short connected rotor ring, which sits on the wheel ring of the cardule and has the outer surface prepared to take polling magnet field from the poles on the attracting magnets, at which the wheel ring with the rotor ring shall have space to be tilted along the front-rear axis, so that their axes preferably will be vertical standing, so that they easy pass over rails in e.g. railector. 
     
     
         35 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that it has in pair steer and drive wheels, which roll against the side on the head of the rail and can be individually lifted and lowered. 
     
     
         36 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the inner stator, the rotor ring and the attraction magnets are provided with not symmetric V-grove, which bend the magnetic flow, so that a force component in tangent direction occur. 
     
     
         37 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the steering of the steer and drive wheel against the outermost rails in a railector is completed with attraction magnets in the boggy, which poll against the outer side of outermost rail which can be provided with soft magnetic material. 
     
     
         38 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that the steer and drive wheels sits whichever electric motor, like synchrony motor with permanent magnets of e.g. niob, asynchrony motor, DC motor like a double rotor version suspension of inner or outer type under the body with the maneuvers lifting, lowering and tilting, so that the steer and drive wheel ca pass e.g. rails in tunas. 
     
     
         39 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that a train can run on of girders reinforced streets and roads with bicycle way and sidewalks with waysides reinforced by iron profiles, at which adaptation from track to streets is made with the inner steer and drive wheels steering during a moment when the outer steer wheels are tilted past horizontal position to that where the wheel ring reach the street level where the edge of the side walk goes narrower and take over the steering when the inner steer wheels are tilted to horizontal position before the track will be filled up to the top of the rails. 
     
     
         40 . Railway according to  1  characterized in that cardules run on each rail and are steered via cardule holders which at the ends are provided with steerings like steer wheels, turn wheels, steer plates and steer magnets
 and that the cardule holders are fastened to crossbars, which carry the body e.g. by an vertical axis through long holes in the cross bars, so that the cardules can follow a line with flexible gauge and keep the body centered by means of centering mechanism e.g. of Z-links between the cardule holders and the vertical axes. 
 
     
     
         41 . Railway according to  1  and  3  characterized in that a linear electric motor are made in the steer magnets and that magnets are built along the rails which electro magnets are preferred because the electric supply and driving will be lying on the ground. 
     
     
         42 . Railway according to  1  and  2  characterized in that the steer wheels has almost horizontal axes and are pressed with axial bearings against the rail head sides.