Destabilized bituminous bonding layer

Abstract

A method of applying a new surface to an existing surface. The method comprises applying a bituminous emulsion bonding layer to the existing surface; destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer; and applying a bituminous mixture to the bituminous emulsion bonding layer.

1 . A method of applying a new surface to an existing surface, the method comprising:
 applying a bituminous emulsion bonding layer to the existing surface;   destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer; and   applying a bituminous mixture to the bituminous emulsion bonding layer.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1  where the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer occurs within 15 seconds of applying the bituminous emulsion bonding layer to the existing surface. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1  where the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer occurs within 5 seconds of applying the bituminous emulsion bonding layer to the existing surface. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous mixture is a cold-applied bituminous mixture. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 4  where the bituminous mixture is applied with a thickness of less than 4.5 cm. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 4  where the bituminous mixture is applied with a thickness of less than 2.5 cm. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous emulsion bonding layer and the bituminous mixture are applied with a spray paver. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1  where the step of applying the bituminous mixture to the bituminous emulsion bonding layer occurs within 5 seconds of the step of applying the bituminous emulsion bonding layer to the existing surface. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous emulsion bonding layer is destabilized with a destabilization agent and the destabilization agent is selected based on the bituminous emulsion bonding layer. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1  where the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer is achieved by counter ion attack, destabilization chemicals, pH change, temperature change, precipitation of a surfactant system, driers, chemical or physical dehydration, or HLB imbalance causing phase inversion. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous emulsion bonding layer is a cationic emulsion and where the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises applying an anionic surfactant solution to the cationic emulsion. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11  where the anionic surfactant solution has a concentration and the concentration is increased to accelerate the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 11  where the anionic surfactant solution is a sulfonate mixed with water. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13  where the anionic surfactant solution has a concentration of at least about 0.05% of a sulfonate by weight of the water. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous emulsion bonding layer is a cationic emulsion with a pH and where the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises changing the pH of the cationic emulsion. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15  where changing the pH of the cationic emulsion comprises creating a destabilization solution by mixing an alkali in water. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16  where the alkali is sodium hydroxide at a concentration of at least about 0.01% by weight of the water. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous emulsion bonding layer is an anionic emulsion and where the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises applying a cationic surfactant solution to the anionic emulsion. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18  where the cationic surfactant solution has a concentration and the concentration is increased to accelerate the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 18  where the cationic surfactant solution is fatty acid imidazoline mixed with water. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 20  where the cationic surfactant solution has a concentration of at least about 0.05% of fatty acid imidazoline by weight of the water. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous emulsion bonding layer is an anionic emulsion with a pH and where the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises changing the pH of the anionic emulsion. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 22  where changing the pH of the anionic emulsion comprises creating a destabilization solution by mixing an acid in water. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 23  where the acid is acetic acid at a concentration of at least about 0.01% by weight of the water. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous emulsion bonding layer is an anionic emulsion with an anionic fatty acid salt and where the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises precipitating the anionic fatty acid salt with a divalent metal ion in water solution. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 25  where the divalent metal ion in water solution is at least about 0.01% Calcium Chloride by weight. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises water and the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises sequestering the water in the bituminous emulsion bonding layer, rendering the bituminous emulsion bonding layer unstable. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 27  where sequestering the water in the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises applying sequestering agents to the bituminous emulsion bonding layer. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 28  where the sequestering agents comprise silica gels, chalk, clay-based desiccant, Portland cement, fly ash, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 28  where the sequestering agents are applied to the bituminous emulsion bonding layer before, during, or immediately after the application of the bituminous emulsion to the existing surface. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 1  where the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises engineering a destabilization component into the bituminous emulsion bonding layer. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 31  where the destabilization component is a surfactant that has a high cloud point, turbidity point, phase inversion temperature, or combination thereof. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 31  where the destabilization component is a nonionic surfactant that becomes insoluble in water under normal road surface temperatures. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 33  where the destabilization component comprises a polyoxyethylene group. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous emulsion bonding layer is a cationic emulsion and the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises applying an anionic bituminous emulsion to the bituminous emulsion bonding layer. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 1  where the bituminous emulsion bonding layer is a cationic emulsion and the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises applying anionic SBR latex to the bituminous emulsion bonding layer. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 1  where the step of destabilizing the bituminous emulsion bonding layer occurs before, during, or after the step of applying the bituminous emulsion bonding layer to the existing surface, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         38 . A surface layer comprising:
 an existing surface;   a destabilized bituminous emulsion bonding layer applied to the existing surface; and   a bituminous mixture applied to the destabilized bituminous emulsion bonding layer.   
     
     
         39 . The surface layer of  claim 38  where the bituminous mixture is cold-applied bituminous mixture. 
     
     
         40 . The surface layer of  claim 38  where the bituminous mixture has a thickness of less than 4.5 cm. 
     
     
         41 . The surface layer of  claim 38  where the bituminous mixture has a thickness of less than 2.5 cm. 
     
     
         42 . The surface layer of  claim 38  where the destabilized bituminous emulsion bonding layer comprises a bituminous emulsion and a destabilization agent. 
     
     
         43 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the destabilization agent was applied to the bituminous emulsion within 15 seconds after the bituminous emulsion was applied to the existing surface. 
     
     
         44 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the destabilization agent was applied to the bituminous emulsion within 5 seconds after the bituminous emulsion was applied to the existing surface. 
     
     
         45 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the bituminous emulsion is a cationic emulsion and the destabilization agent is an anionic surfactant solution or an alkali solution. 
     
     
         46 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the anionic surfactant solution is a sulfonate mixed with water. 
     
     
         47 . The surface layer of  claim 46  where the anionic surfactant solution has a concentration of at least about 0.05% of a sulfonate by weight of the water. 
     
     
         48 . The surface layer of  claim 45  where the alkali solution is sodium hydroxide mixed with water at a concentration of at least about 0.01% by weight of the water. 
     
     
         49 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the bituminous emulsion is an anionic emulsion and the destabilization agent is a cationic surfactant solution or an acidic solution. 
     
     
         50 . The surface layer of  claim 49  where the cationic surfactant solution is fatty acid imidazoline mixed with water. 
     
     
         51 . The surface layer of  claim 50  where the cationic surfactant solution has a concentration of at least 0.05% of fatty acid imidazoline by weight of the water. 
     
     
         52 . The surface layer of  claim 48  where the acidic solution is acetic acid mixed with water at a concentration of at least about 0.01% by weight of the water. 
     
     
         53 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the destabilization agent is a sequestering agent. 
     
     
         54 . The surface layer of  claim 53  where the sequestering agent is silica gel, chalk, clay-based desiccant, Portland cement, fly ash, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         55 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the destabilization agent is a surfactant that has a high cloud point, turbidity point, phase inversion temperature, or combination thereof. 
     
     
         56 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the destabilization agent is a nonionic surfactant that becomes insoluble in water under normal road surface temperatures. 
     
     
         57 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the destabilization agent comprises a polyoxyethylene group. 
     
     
         58 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the bituminous emulsion is a cationic emulsion and the destabilization agent is an anionic bituminous emulsion utilizing a sodium salt of a fatty acid. 
     
     
         59 . The surface layer of  claim 42  where the bituminous emulsion is a cationic emulsion and the destabilization agent is anionic SBR latex.