Heat-insulating, fire-proof, water-resistant, permeable-to-air, flexible lightweight concrete

Abstract

A heat-insulating, fire-proof, water-resistant, permeable-to-air, flexible lightweight concrete with a volume-density below 500 kg/m3, made with polystyrene pearl is equally suitable for heat-, and sound-insulation of walls and slabs, as well as decreasing their water permeability or water-absorbing capacity, as well as increasing their resistance to fire at the same time keeping their ability to be permeable-to-air and humidity, for renovation old buildings or building new buildings. Its composition is: polystyrene pearl, or recycled polystyrene of 1-10 mm diameter, water, cement and organic (polymer) binding material mixed with cement: such homo-, co-, and terpolymers—which are water-soluble and/or can be dispersed in water. Resulting from the use of organic (polymer) binding material, the polystyrene pearls can easily mixed with the inorganic binding material and water. The heat-insulating material produced this way can be even 100 kg/m, depending on the quantity of the binding materials.

1 . Heat-insulating, fire-proof, water-resistant, permeable-to-air, flexible lightweight concrete with a volume density below 500 kg/m3, which is equally suitable for heat, and sound-insulation of walls and slabs, as well as decreasing their water permeability or water-absorbing capacity, as well as increasing their resistance to fire at the same time keeping their ability to be permeable to air and humidity, for renovation old buildings or building new buildings, characterized by that, it can be easily mixed and its composition is: polystyrene pearl, or recycled polystyrene of 1-10 mm diameter particle size, water, cement and organic binding material mixed with cement: such homo-, co-, and terpolymers, which are water-soluble and/or can be dispersed in water, such as vinyl-chloride, vinyl esters of saturated, unsaturated and aromatic organic acids, vinyl-butirate, ethylene, acrilic acid esters, styrene, alkyl-izocianates, silanes, siloxalates. 
     
     
         2 . Heat-insulating material according to  claim 1 , characterized by that, for the sake of making processing easier, additional organic additives are added, such as polyvinyl-alcohols, cellulose ethers and other protecting colloids, sedimentation blockers, plasticizers. 
     
     
         3 . Heat-insulating material according to  claim 1 , characterized by that, the cement is mixed, or replaced by gypsum. 
     
     
         4 . Heat-insulating material according to  claim 1 , characterized by that, polystyrene pearl is mixed or replaced by a material, which is of small volume-density, (max. 400 kg/m), consists of granules and is water-repellent. 
     
     
         5 . Heat-insulating material according to  claim 1 , characterized by that, materials used as additives are the following:
 as organic binding material any homo-, co-, and terpolymer can be used, which is water soluble and/or can be dispersed in water, in given case the are produced with using vinyl-chloride, vinyl esters of saturated,- unsaturated and aromatic organic acids, vinyl-butirate, ethylene, acrilic acid esters, styrene, alkyl-izocianates, silanes, siloxalates. and/or additional organic additives can be polyvinyl-alcohols, cellulose ethers and other protecting colloids, sedimentation blockers, plasticizers, and/or as mineral additives rock grist, in given case limestone, dolomite, pigments, in given case iron-oxide, titaiume-dioxide etc., pearlite, mica schist, etc. can be used.   
     
     
         6 . Heat-insulating material according to  claim 1 , characterized by that, materials used as filling material are the following:
 polystyrene pearl: its density is between 20-30 kg/m3, its size is 0-20 mm, and/or plastics:   recycled ground plastic, ground rubber, in given case tyre, and/or plant fibres, organic materials, in given case wood-waste, ground wood, dried plant-waste, stalk, bast, pine needle, paper, and/or   metals, ground metal-waste, in given case household metal-wastes comminuted,ground to an appropriate size, and/or   building waste, in given case glass, ground concrete, ground asphalt, etc.   
     
     
         7 . Heat-insulating material according to  claim 1 , characterized by that, the size of the filling material is between 0-20 mm, and the filling materials falling in different size-range are preferably used in a fractional in such a way, that the materials fall in the same size-range, or in given case they are used in a non-fractional way. 
     
     
         8 . Heat-insulating material according to  claim 1 , characterized by that, at the production of the heat-insulating material the components are mixed with a traditional technology, in given case with mixing machine, in the following order, first we feed the water, than cement is added to it, following it the additive is fed, from these three components we mix a material of a dilute sour cream consistence, in the end we add the filling material to the compound at continuous mixing, we mix the total material composition into a homogenous state, and we use the compound produced this way appropriate to the application. 
     
     
         9 . Heat-insulating material according to  claim 1 , characterized by that, the heat-insulating material is used in bottoming, borders, road concrete elements, building basic units, building elements, and/or in monolithic concrete structures prepared in the place, lattice blind elements, in given case as heat-insulating plaster, heat-insulating panel, permanent lattice blind, wall element, brick, prefabricated building elements, insulation of heat,- gas,- oil,- water lines. 
     
     
         10 . Heat-insulating material according to  claim 1 , characterized by that, in the ase the volume-density of the filling material is bigger than 100-200 kg/m, it is used s building material instead of concrete, or we produce elements, bricks from it.