Method for cooling turbine stators and cooling system for implementing said method

Abstract

A method and system for cooling turbine engine turbines, the system includes: at least one pair of parts to be cooled, the pair including a stator upstream from the rotor valve, and a sealing ring mounting a downstream movable blade rotor that is adjacent to the stator; a turbine casing; and an outlet path. The system further includes: at least one opening in the casing facing at least one part to be cooled; and an air circuit producing a forced convection in connection with the parts and at least one downstream outlet in the path so as to draw in and transport an ambient air flow.

1 - 10 . (canceled) 
     
     
         11 . A method for cooling turbine parts of an engine presenting at exhaust an architecture with a positive Cp on whole operating speeds, for which a cooling is desired, provided for at least one pair of parts including an upstream stator and a sealing ring support of downstream movable blades adjacent to the stator, the method comprising:
 tapping an ambient air flow by aspiration at a level of at least one part to be cooled;   then a crossing producing a forced convection in connection with the part; and   then a downstream air reintroduction in an outlet path,   wherein cooling is performed in a serial mode with a successive circulation of same air flow in both parts, in a parallel mode with circulations being independent of the air flow in each of the both parts, or in a mixed mode with successive circulation of a same flow in the both parts, and independent circulation of a second flow in the second part by tapping ambient air at a level of the upstream stator for serial and mixed cooling, and of each part for parallel and mixed cooling.   
     
     
         12 . The cooling method according to  claim 11 , wherein the downstream reintroduction in the outlet path is implemented with parallel exhausts. 
     
     
         13 . A system for cooling turbines of turbo-machines for implementation of the method according to  claim 11 , comprising:
 at least one pair of parts to be cooled of a distributor upstream stator with stationary vanes and a sealing ring support of a rotor with downstream movable blades adjacent to the stator, a turbine casing and an outlet path, at least one opening in the casing facing at least one part to be cooled, a forced air circulation in connection with the one part and at least one downstream outlet in the path, wherein the cooling of the distributor and the sealing ring support of the turbine rotor is serially performed; and   a communication channel in an outlet of a vane of the distributor opening into a cavity in radial connection with an external side of the ring support, and then toward the outlet path of the turbine through at least one orifice provided in the ring support.   
     
     
         14 . The cooling system according to  claim 13 , wherein an opening is formed in the casing facing an air circulation inlet in each vane of the distributor to be cooled, circulation being performed by a radial circuit comprising at least two channels, and an air outlet in the outlet path of the turbine. 
     
     
         15 . The cooling system according to  claim 14 , wherein an axisymmetric cavity is provided between the two channels so as to homogenize pressure of the flow and to implement a better cooling of the stationary vanes. 
     
     
         16 . The cooling system according to  claim 15 , wherein the ring support includes at least one upstream hook configured to enclose bladed flanges of the casing and the distributor vane so as to form the communication channel. 
     
     
         17 . The cooling system according to  claim 16 , wherein the circulation channel of each vane of the stator comprises an extension directly opening into the cavity to form the communication channel. 
     
     
         18 . The cooling system according to  claim 13 , wherein a ring-shaped perforated metal sheet is provided in the cavity of the cooling circuit of the ring. 
     
     
         19 . A system for cooling turbines of turbo-machines to implement the method according to  claim 11 , comprising:
 at least one pair of parts to be cooled of a distributor upstream stator with stationary vanes and a sealing ring support of a rotor with downstream movable blades adjacent to the stator, a turbine casing and an outlet path, at least one opening in the casing facing at least one part to be cooled, a forced air circulation in connection with the one part and at least one downstream outlet in the path,   wherein the cooling is performed in a parallel mode, the radial circuit of the vane of the distributor opening opposite a channel inlet arranged in the ring support of the rotor so as to cross it up to the outlet path, and an orifice being formed in the casing facing the ring support to tap an ambient air flow by aspiration and form a parallel air circulation circuit crossing the cavity and the ring support through an outlet orifice.   
     
     
         20 . A system for cooling turbines of turbo-machines to implement the method according to  claim 11 , comprising:
 at least one pair of parts to be cooled of a distributor upstream stator with stationary vanes and a sealing ring support of a rotor with downstream movable blades adjacent to the stator, a turbine casing and an outlet path, at least one opening in the casing facing at least one part to be cooled, a forced air circulation in connection with the one part and at least one downstream outlet in the path,   wherein the cooling is performed in a mixed mode through a successive circulation of a same flow in both parts for a cooling in a serial mode, and through a flow circulation being independent in the second part for a cooling in a parallel mode.