Rock Bolt

Abstract

A rock bolt, particularly for use in mining, having an axial conduit, an anchor nut, and an anchor plate supported by the anchor nut for the purpose of placement on the rock, that is able to expand sufficiently and possess sufficient tensile strength, and also is able to be cut for the purpose of simplified separation of excavated pieces of the rock bolt. This problem is addressed in that the axial conduit is at least partially, and particularly entirely, made of metal and plastic, and the at least one component of the axial conduit made of metal and plastic serves to receive tensile forces.

1 . A rock bolt, said rock bolt including:
 an axial conduit;   an anchor nut; and   an anchor plate supported by the anchor nut, for the purpose of placement on the rock,   wherein the axial conduit is made at least partially of both metal and plastic,   wherein at least one component of the axial conduit, said component being made of metal and plastic, serves to receive tensile forces.   
     
     
         2 . A rock bolt according to  claim 1  wherein the axial conduit, on an inner segment of the axial conduit, is made at least partially of both metal and plastic. 
     
     
         3 . A rock bolt according to  claim 2 , wherein the axial conduit has a front end and a rear end, and the inner segment is spaced from the front and the rear ends at a distance of at least 5%, 10%, or 20% of the total length of the axial conduit. 
     
     
         4 . A rock bolt according to  claim 3  wherein the axial conduit is constructed in multiple parts from components made of either plastic and metal. 
     
     
         5 . A rock bolt according to  claim 4 , wherein on the axial conduit one component made of metal and one component made of plastic are arranged in alternating sequence along the dimension of a longitudinal axis of the axial conduit, 
     
     
         6 . A rock bolt according to  claim 4 , wherein the axial conduit is made of metal on the inner segment thereof, and does not have a sheath made of plastic, and the at least one component made of plastic is not a sheath of the at least one component made of metal. 
     
     
         7 . A rock bolt according to  claim 6 , wherein the plastic is reinforced with fibers, and the metal is steel. 
     
     
         8 . A rock bolt according to  claim 7 , wherein said fibers are fiberglass 
     
     
         9 . A rock bolt according to  claim 4 , wherein the at least one component made of plastic is made of at least 50% plastic. 
     
     
         10 . A rock bolt according to  claim 4 , wherein the at least one component made of metal is made of at least 50% metal. 
     
     
         11 . A rock bolt according to  claim 1 , wherein in a first section which is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the axial conduit, on the inner section, the axial conduit is made of at least 50% plastic. 
     
     
         12 . A rock bolt according to  claim 1 , wherein in a second section which is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the axial conduit, on the inner section, the axial conduit is made of at least 50% metal. 
     
     
         13 . A rock bolt according to  claim 4  wherein the components are connected to each other using an inner or outer plastic sheathing. 
     
     
         14 . A rock bolt according to  claim 4  wherein fibers of the plastic which is reinforced with the fibers are arranged on the component made of metal, the fibers are saturated with a matrix material and cured, and the component made of plastic is connected to the component made of metal using the fibers. 
     
     
         15 . A rock bolt according to  claim 4  wherein the inner diameter of one component corresponds substantially to the outer diameter of another component, such that the other component is arranged axially inside the component, and the two components are connected using an adhesive bond to each other, and
 one component has an inner threading, and another component has an outer threading, such that both components are axially screwed into each other on the inner and outer threadings thereof, and 
 the outer diameter of one component and, at least sectionally, the inner diameter of another component are substantially the same, and the other component is partially slid over the one component on an overlap region thereof, wherein the two components are connected to each other using a sheathing pressed onto the outside thereof on the overlap region, and said sheathing is made of metal. 
 
     
     
         16 . A rock bolt according to  claim 1 , wherein the axial conduit is designed as a hollow tube. 
     
     
         17 . A rock bolt according to  claim 1 , wherein the axial conduit encloses an interior space, and the rock bolt has a fixing agent arranged in the interior space for the purpose of fixing the axial conduit on the rock with a material connection, a moving piston arranged in the interior space for the purpose of conveying the fixing agent to the outside of the axial conduit when the axial conduit is arranged inside a bore hole in the rock, and at least one structure for moving the piston. 
     
     
         18 . A rock bolt according to  claim 17 , wherein a rear end of the axial conduit is closed by a cap, and the axial conduit and/or the cap have at least one opening for the purpose of conveying the fixing agent out of the interior space enclosed by the axial conduit. 
     
     
         19 . A rock bolt according to  claim 17 , wherein a mixer is arranged between the fixing agent and the at least one opening for the purpose of mixing the fixing agent prior to the fixing agent discharging from the at least one opening. 
     
     
         20 . A rock bolt according to  claim 1 , wherein the rock bolt has an expansion sheath and an expanding element.