Composite plate and armor having at least one of the composite plates

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite plate having at least one layer for deflecting a projectile, said layer being composed of a multitude of molded components arranged adjacent to one another; the molded components are embodied in the form of bars that have side surfaces and end surfaces and have the capacity to be arranged in series with one another without gaps; adjacent bars are arranged adjacent to one another without gaps at least partially by means of side surfaces or edges that face each other and the longitudinal axes of the bars are arranged in an inclined fashion enclosing angles α and β relative to a perpendicular (L) on a surface of the composite plate in at least two different planes E 1 and E 2 that are perpendicular to each other.

1 . A composite plate comprising:
 at least one layer for deflecting a projectile, said layer comprising a multitude of molded components arranged adjacent to one another, wherein the molded components are embodied in the form of bars that have side surfaces and end surfaces and have the capacity to be arranged in series with one another without gaps; adjacent bars are arranged adjacent to one another without gaps at least partially with side surfaces or edges that face each other and the longitudinal axes of the bars are arranged in an inclined fashion enclosing angles α and β relative to a perpendicular (L) on a surface of the composite plate in at least two different planes E 1  and E 2  that are perpendicular to each other.   
     
     
         2 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the molded components are embodied as block-shaped or cube-shaped and have a three-dimensional form with a triangular, quadrangular, or polygonal cross-section. 
     
     
         3 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 1 , wherein each end surface of a first bar, together with at least two subregions of side surfaces of adjacent bars, forms a respective recess of the composite plate, which recesses are open at least toward a shelling side of the composite plate. 
     
     
         4 . The composite plate as recited in one of the preceding claims  claim 3 , wherein the angles α and β are selected as a function of the size of the end surface of the bars so that the surfaces delimiting the recess, namely the end surface of the first bar and the two subregions of the side surfaces of the other bars, are identical in size. 
     
     
         5 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the angle α lies in a range between 20° and 70° inclusive. 
     
     
         6 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the angle β lies in a range between 20° and 70° inclusive. 
     
     
         7 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the molded components comprise a ceramic material with a Mohs hardness >8.5, selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), zirconium oxide (Zr0 2 ), boron carbide (B 4 C), and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the bars are embodied as block-shaped, with a length of approximately 20 mm to 35 mm, and are square in cross-section, with a width of 7 mm to 12 mm, and a height of 7 mm to 12 mm. 
     
     
         9 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 3 , wherein each recess is associated with a deflecting component that rests against the surfaces constituting the recess. 
     
     
         10 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 9 , wherein the deflecting component has a spherical three-dimensional form and is embodied in the form of a ball. 
     
     
         11 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 9 , wherein the deflecting component is embodied as barrel-shaped or cylindrical, with rounded end surfaces. 
     
     
         12 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 9 , wherein adjacent deflecting components touch one another and/or are connected to one another by an adhesive bonding layer. 
     
     
         13 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 9 , wherein the deflecting components constitute a second layer of the composite plate, which is oriented toward a shelling side of the composite plate. 
     
     
         14 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 1 , wherein a plurality of composite plates are arranged adjacent to one another forming an armor and providing an interstitial separating layer between two adjacent, flat composite plates. 
     
     
         15 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the flat composite plate has an additional layer of double-inclined bars and the second layer of double-inclined bars is placed against the first layer in such a way that the individual bars of the two layers are aligned with one another in their longitudinal direction. 
     
     
         16 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 15 , wherein the second layer is placed against the first layer so that a composite in the form of a herringbone pattern is produced when viewed from the side. 
     
     
         17 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 1 , wherein adjacent bars rest against one another with side surfaces and are connected to one another by an adhesive intermediate layer. 
     
     
         18 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 3 , wherein at least one fragment-catching layer is provided on a rear side of the composite plate oriented away from the shelling side. 
     
     
         19 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 18 , wherein the rear ends of the bars are embedded in the fragment-catching layer. 
     
     
         20 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 13 , wherein on the shelling side, an additional layer, which is for stopping pressure waves as well as small fragments, is provided and the shelling-side ends of the bars and/or the second layer of the composite plate composed of deflecting components are at least partially encompassed or embedded in this layer. 
     
     
         21 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 18 , wherein at least some of the recesses on the rear side of the composite plate are each associated with a respective damping component and the damping components rest against the surfaces constituting the respective lower recesses so that the damping components constitute a third layer of the composite plate. 
     
     
         22 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 21 , wherein the damping component has a spherical three-dimensional form, and is embodied in the form of a ball, or is embodied as barrel-shaped, or in the form of a cylinder with rounded end surfaces. 
     
     
         23 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 21 , wherein adjacent damping components touch one another and/or are connected to one another by an adhesive bonding layer. 
     
     
         24 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 21 , wherein adjacent damping components are situated in relation to one another so that there are gaps between the damping components. 
     
     
         25 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 21 , wherein a plurality of damping components are embodied in the form of a studded mat. 
     
     
         26 . The composite plate as recited in  claim 21 , wherein the damping components comprise an elastic material. 
     
     
         27 . An armor having at least one composite plate as recited in  claim 1 .