Pyrolysis apparatus of waste material

Abstract

Disclosed is a pyrolysis apparatus of a waste material. The pyrolysis apparatus includes a pyrolysis furnace thermally decomposing an introduced waste material by using air, an upper gate installed at an upper portion of the pyrolysis furnace such that the upper gate is open or closed, and closed after the waste material has been introduced; a lower gate installed below the upper gate such that the lower gate is open or closed, a main valve connected with the exhaust pipe and installed in a main pipe communicating with an inner part of the pyrolysis furnace, a sub-valve connected with the exhaust pipe and installed in a sub-pipe communicating with the inner part of the pyrolysis furnace, and a gas purifying unit receiving gas exhausted from the pyrolysis furnace, aerating the gas into water, and purifying the gas through a filter.

1 . A pyrolysis apparatus of a waste material comprising:
 a pyrolysis furnace thermally decomposing fuel supplied in the pyrolysis furnace and an introduced waste material by using air introduced through an air inlet port to exhaust gas;   an upper gate installed at an upper portion of the pyrolysis furnace such that the upper gate is open or closed, and closed after the waste material has been introduced;   a lower gate installed below the upper gate such that the lower gate is open or closed, defining a storage space together between the lower gate and the upper gate, and introducing a waste material stored in the storage space into the pyrolysis furnace; and   a gas purifying unit receiving gas exhausted from the pyrolysis furnace, aerating the gas into water so that a toxic material of the gas is adsorbed onto the water, and purifying the gas through a filter.   
     
     
         2 . The pyrolysis apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the upper gate of the pyrolysis furnace is provided at an upper end thereof with a waste material introduction port having a cover that is open or closed. 
     
     
         3 . The pyrolysis apparatus of  claim 2 , wherein the upper and lower gates are automatically controlled to be open or closed with a predetermined time difference, and operated by a cylinder. 
     
     
         4 . A pyrolysis apparatus of a waste material comprising:
 a pyrolysis furnace thermally decomposing a waste material introduced into an inner space of the pyrolysis furnace by using air introduced through an air inlet port to exhaust gas into an exhaust pipe;   a main valve connected with the exhaust pipe, installed in a main pipe communicating with an inner part of the pyrolysis furnace, and turned on in thermal decomposition of the waste material to properly adjust an internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace;   a sub-valve connected with the exhaust pipe, installed in a sub-pipe communicating with the inner part of the pyrolysis furnace, and turned on if the internal pressure of the pyrolysis furnace exceeds a preset pressure to exhaust gas; and   a gas purifying unit receiving gas exhausted from the pyrolysis furnace, aerating the gas into water so that a toxic material of the gas is adsorbed onto the water, and purifying the gas through a filter.   
     
     
         5 . The pyrolysis apparatus of  claim 4 , further comprising:
 an upper gate installed at an upper portion of the pyrolysis furnace such that the upper gate is open or closed, and closed after the waste material has been introduced;   a lower gate installed below the upper gate such that the lower gate is open or closed, defining a storage space together between the lower gate and the upper gate, and introducing a waste material stored in the storage space into the pyrolysis furnace; and   a gas removing valve connected with the exhaust pipe, and installed in a gas removing pipe communicating with the storage space to exhaust gas remaining in the storage space.   
     
     
         6 . The pyrolysis apparatus of  claim 5 , further comprising an exhaust pump serving as a power source to exhaust gas from the pyrolysis furnace and the storage space, wherein the exhaust pump operates at an RPM higher than a normal RPM to exhaust the gas when the sub-valve or the gas removing valve is open. 
     
     
         7 . The pyrolysis apparatus of  claim 1 , the gas purifying unit includes:
 a bubbling vessel storing water therein and aerating the gas exhausted from the pyrolysis furnace into water so that toxic materials of the gas is adsorbed onto the water;   a gas passage exhausting the gas from the bubbling vessel;   an adsorbent provided in the gas passage to reduce the toxic materials of the gas;   an absorbent provided in the gas passage to reduce bad smell of the gas;   a filter section provided in the gas passage to reduce particles of the gas;   a carbon monoxide reduction unit provided in the gas passage to convert carbon monoxide into harmless gas; and   an exhaust pump provided in the gas passage to exhaust the gas to air.   
     
     
         8 . The pyrolysis apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising a magnet applying a magnetic field to air introduced into the pyrolysis furnace through the air inlet port. 
     
     
         9 . The pyrolysis apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising a drain exhaust unit provided at an end portion of a smoke passage. 
     
     
         10 . The pyrolysis apparatus of  claim 8 , wherein the air inlet port is installed around a lower end of the pyrolysis furnace, the air inlet port is provided therein with magnets to form a magnetic field, and north poles of the magnets face each other, north and south poles of the magnets face each other, or the north and south poles of the magnets are offset from each other without facing each other. 
     
     
         11 . The pyrolysis apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising a tar element interposed between a gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace and a front stage of the gas purifying unit to remove tar components from gas generated from the pyrolysis furnace. 
     
     
         12 . The pyrolysis apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the gas is aerated into water of a bubbling vessel including a chemical selected from the group consisting of calcium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide, alkalescent synthetic detergent, and a defoamer, so that a toxic material selected from the group consisting of dioxin-based materials, tar-components, halogen-based components including chloride or fluoride, and pyroligneous liquor is neutralized.