Method and System for Utilizing Biomass and Block-Type Thermal Power Plant

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for reclaiming biogenic mass, in particular sludge, wherein the product to be reclaimed is first dried and then thermally decomposed in a pyrolysis reactor for the purpose of creating pyrolysis gas. The method according to the invention is characterized in that the product is thermally dried in at least two drier stages arranged after one another, wherein the waste heat of the drier stage downstream of the product in the transport direction is used as process heat for the respectively upstream drier stages. The invention further relates to a system for reclaiming biogenic mass, in particular sludge.

1 - 22 . (canceled) 
     
     
         23 . A method for using a biogenic mass, in which the biogenic material is first dried and then thermally decomposed in a pyrolysis reactor, comprising the steps of:
 passing a biogenic mass through a first dryers stage,   passing the biogenic mass through a second dryer stage,   thermally decomposing the biogenic mass in a pyrolysis reactor, to produce a pyrolysis gas,   wherein a waste heat of the second dryer stage being arranged downstream in a direction of transport of the biogenic mass is used as process heat for the first dryer stage being arranged upstream each of the first dryer stage and the second dyer stage being supplied with process heat via a first heat transfer circuit associated with the first dryer stage and a second heat transfer circuit associated with the second dryer stage, the heat of the pyrolysis gas produced in the pyrolysis reactor being used as process heat in at least one of the first dryer stage and the second dryer stage, a first portion of the pyrolysis gas produced in the pyrolysis reactor being fed to an energy converter unit for conversion of the energy content of the pyrolysis gas into electricity, and a second portion of the pyrolysis gas produced in the pyrolysis reactor being used as fuel for a burner of a boiler integrated into at least one of the first heat transfer circuit and the second heat transfer circuit.   
     
     
         24 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein the first dryer stage comprises at least one low-temperature dryer and wherein the second dryer stage comprises at least one high-temperature dryer. 
     
     
         25 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein the heat of waste gases of an auxiliary burner firing the pyrolysis reactor is used as process heat in at least one of the first dryer stage and the second dryer stage. 
     
     
         26 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein the energy converter unit is a fuel cell. 
     
     
         27 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein the energy converter unit is a heat engine connected to a generator comprising at least one of a gas turbine, a combustion engine and a Stirling engine. 
     
     
         28 . The method according to  claim 27 , wherein the heat of the waste gases of the heat engine are used as process heat in the first dryer stage and the second dryer stage. 
     
     
         29 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein the first heat transfer circuit and the second heat transfer circuit are a thermal oil circuit. 
     
     
         30 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein the waste heat of the second dryer stage is conveyed through a heat exchanger integrated into the heat transfer circuit of the first dryer stage. 
     
     
         31 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein at least some of the exhaust vapours exiting from the first dryer stage or second dryer stage are first compressed and then condensed in a heat exchanger integrated into the first heat transfer circuit or second heat transfer circuit, wherein the condensation enthalpy is delivered to the first heat transfer circuit or second heat transfer circuit. 
     
     
         32 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein the boiler integrated into the second heat transfer circuit is a thermal oil boiler. 
     
     
         33 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein the boiler is arranged in the second heat transfer circuit and the waste gases of the boiler burner are guided through a heat exchanger integrated into the first heat transfer circuit. 
     
     
         34 . The method according to  claim 27 , wherein the waste gases of the heat engine are first guided through a waste gas heat exchanger integrated into the second heat transfer circuit of the second dryer stage, whereupon they are then guided through a heat exchanger integrated into the first heat transfer circuit of the first dryer stage. 
     
     
         35 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein some of the pyrolysis gas produced in the pyrolysis reactor is used as fuel for an auxiliary burner of the pyrolysis reactor. 
     
     
         36 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein a pyrolysis coke produced during pyrolysis of a dried biogenic material is fed to a gasifier and a lean gas produced there by gasification is fed as fuel to an auxiliary burner for the pyrolysis reactor. 
     
     
         37 . A system for utilizing a biogenic mass, comprising a dryer device and a pyrolysis reactor arranged after the dryer device in the direction of transport of the material for the production of pyrolysis gas from the dried material, wherein the dryer device comprises at least two dryer stages which are arranged in succession in the direction of transport of the material and which are coupled to one another in such a way that the waste heat of the dryer stage arranged downstream in the direction of transport of the material can be used as useful heat for the dryer stage arranged upstream, the at least two dryer stages each comprising their own heat transfer circuit for supplying process heat, the upstream dryer stage comprising a heat exchanger connected to a pyrolysis gas line of the pyrolysis reactor so that the heat of the pyrolysis gas produced in the pyrolysis reactor can be used as process heat in the upstream dryer stage, the pyrolysis gas line being connected after the heat exchanger in a process direction to an energy converter unit for converting the energy content of the pyrolysis gas into electricity, and a line branching off from the pyrolysis gas line before the heat exchanger in the process direction, via which pyrolysis gas line some of the pyrolysis gas produced in the pyrolysis reactor can be fed as fuel for a burner of a boiler integrated into the heat transfer circuit of the downstream dryer stage. 
     
     
         38 . The system according to  claim 37 , wherein the at least two dryer stages each comprise at least one low-temperature dryer as the upstream dryer stage and at least one high-temperature dryer as the downstream dryer stage. 
     
     
         39 . The system according to  claim 37 , wherein the at least two dryer stages each comprise a thermal oil circuit as a heat transfer circuit for supplying process heat. 
     
     
         40 . The system according to  claim 37 , wherein the heat transfer circuits of the at least two dryer stages can be coupled with one another. 
     
     
         41 . The system according to  claim 37 , wherein the energy converter unit arranged after the pyrolysis reactor in the process direction is a fuel cell which can be operated with the pyrolysis gas, or a heat engine which can be operated with the pyrolysis gas and is connected to a generator. 
     
     
         42 . The system according to  claim 37 , wherein the system is integrated into a block-type thermal power plant. 
     
     
         43 . The method according to  claim 23 , wherein the biogenic mass is a sewage sludge. 
     
     
         44 . The system according to  claim 37 , wherein the biogenic mass is a sewage sludge.