Immobilization Particles for Removal of Microorganisms and/or Chemicals

Abstract

An immobilization particle for immobilizing a target microorganism or target chemical found in or on a mammal that includes: immobilization molecules capable of attaching to a target microorganism or a target chemical, which immobilization molecules are attached to one or more portions of a substrate structure; wherein the substrate structure is capable of inhibiting contact between tissues of the mammal and target microorganisms or target chemicals attached to immobilization molecules attached to the one or more portions.

1 . An immobilization particle for immobilizing a target microorganism or target chemical found in or on a mammal that comprises:
 immobilization molecules capable of attaching to the target microorganism or the target chemical, which immobilization molecules are attached to one or more portions of a substrate structure;   wherein the substrate structure is capable of inhibiting contact between tissues of the mammal and target microorganisms or target chemicals attached to immobilization molecules attached to the one or more portions.   
     
     
         2 . The immobilization particle of  claim 1  wherein the immobilization molecules are one or more of antibodies or aptamers. 
     
     
         3 . The immobilization particle of  claim 2  wherein the substrate structure comprises a substrate; and
 the one or more portions comprise cavities in one or more sides of the substrate. 
 
     
     
         4 . The immobilization particle of  claim 2  wherein the substrate structure comprises a substrate formed on a substrate support; and
 the one or more portions are cavities in the substrate. 
 
     
     
         5 . The immobilization particle of  claim 2  wherein the substrate structure comprises a substrate having spacers attached to one or more sides of the substrate. 
     
     
         6 . The immobilization particle of  claim 5  wherein the spacers are columns. 
     
     
         7 . The immobilization particle of  claim 2  wherein the aptamer is one or more of a single-stranded RNA, a DNA molecule or a peptide. 
     
     
         8 . The immobilization particle of  claim 2  wherein the substrate structure comprises a gold substrate. 
     
     
         9 . The immobilization particle of  claim 8  wherein the substrate structure comprises a gold substrate disposed on a polymer substrate support. 
     
     
         10 . The immobilization particle of  claim 2  wherein the substrate structure comprises a wall having an inner surface, which wall is disposed on a substrate; and
 the one or more portions are disposed on a surface of the substrate. 
 
     
     
         11 . The immobilization particle of  claim 2  wherein the substrate structure comprises a wall having an inner surface disposed about an open space; and
 the one or more portions are disposed on an inner surface of the wall. 
 
     
     
         12 . The immobilization particle of  claim 11  wherein the wall includes an opening. 
     
     
         13 . The immobilization particle of  claim 2  wherein the substrate structure comprises a polymer substrate. 
     
     
         14 . The immobilization particle of  claim 2  wherein the substrate structure comprises a substrate; and
 the substrate includes one or more pores in one or more sides of the substrate. 
 
     
     
         15 . The immobilization particle of  claim 14  wherein the one or more portions comprise one or more of the one or more pores. 
     
     
         16 . The immobilization particle of  claim 15  which further comprises a substrate support abutted to the substrate. 
     
     
         17 . The immobilization particle of  claim 16  which further comprises spacers attached to one or more sides of the substrate.