Apparatus for hot fusion of fusion-reactive gases

Abstract

A generally concentric sealed reactor vessel defining a volume. A concentric target electrode 12 centered within a nonconductive vessel 24 . This vessel is suspended in insulating and cooling medium 242 composed of transformer oil. Deuterium gas 235 is contained within the volume at a predetermined pressure. High voltage, high frequency potential 130 is connected between the target electrode and Earth ground 153 , creating an alternating electrical field within the reaction chamber. This electric field is of sufficient intensity ionize the contained gases, and result in the alternately radial outward acceleration and alternately radial inward acceleration of these ionized gases. On inward acceleration the ions impact the target and with one another at fusion reactive velocities causing fusion reactions. In the second embodiment the reactor vessel is a conductive material connected to the power supply and the defined volume is free of tangible structure.

1 - 48 . (canceled) 
     
     
         49 : A concentric fusion reactor, comprising:
 a target predisposed to provide an impact location for fusion reactions of ions impacting with fusion reactive energies and,   a envelope shell of material enclosing a space coaxially centered upon a centrally located target and,   a rarefied fusion reactive gas contained within said envelope shell and,   an insulating and cooling medium within which the envelope shell is suspended and,   a thermally and electrically insulated enclosure whose partial radius is concentrically centered on the central target and enclosing envelope shell containing said insulating and cooling medium and,   a radiation absorbing and cooling medium within which said thermally and electrically insulated enclosure is suspended and,   a heat absorbent container for containing said radiation absorbing and cooling medium and;   a high voltage alternating current, AC, power supply and,   electrical interconnections for connecting said high voltage AC power supply between the concentric fusion reactor and earth ground.   
     
     
         50 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the target is a sphere, cylinder, toroid, helix, or a predetermined complex shape which is concentrically centered in alignment and registration with the corresponding envelope shell. 
     
     
         51 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the target provides: a location capable of permitting and surviving nuclear reactions and a location for ion impact at fusion reactive speeds. 
     
     
         52 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the enclosed space is defined a space between the central target and the inner surface of the enclosing envelope shell. 
     
     
         53 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 52  wherein the defined space provides a location for the generation of an alternating electric field. 
     
     
         54 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 53  wherein the alternating electric field provides for the ionization of gases contained therein. 
     
     
         55 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 53  wherein the alternating electric field provides for the alternately radial outward acceleration and the alternately radial inward acceleration of ionized gases contained therein. 
     
     
         56 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 55  wherein the radial inward acceleration of ionized gases provides for ions impacting the central target, for the impact of ions with one another, and for such impacts to occur at fusion reactive velocities. 
     
     
         57 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 55  wherein the radial outward acceleration of ionized gases provides for a period of time during operation in which gas distribution allows for gas exchange. 
     
     
         58 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the fusion reactive gas is composed of the following gases: fusion reactive isotopes of Hydrogen or Helium, singularly or in combination; or other fusion reactive gases. 
     
     
         59 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the envelope shell provides for the following: a sealed space containing gas at a predetermined pressure, a surface providing a location for the stopping of the outward movement of ions, a surface providing a location for the stopping of the outward movement of electrons, a location of an equipotential of electric charge accumulation, the outward passage of particulate and waveform radiations, and the development of a concentrically symmetrical electric field. 
     
     
         60 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the fusion reactive gas is at a predetermined pressure from 0.00000001 Torr and 760 Torr, preferably from 0.0001 to 1 Torr, in particular about 0.01 to 0.001 Torr. 
     
     
         61 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the insulating and cooling medium separates and distances AC, alternating current, ground potential from locations: within the reactor chamber, along the inner surface of the reactor chamber, along the outer surface of the reactor chamber, and to places external to the thermally and electrically insulated enclosure. 
     
     
         62 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 61  wherein the separation and distancing of AC ground potential provides for: a symmetrically developed field within the reactor, an electric field of evenly developed intensity radially outward from the target to the ground plane, the prevention of internal arcing, and the reduction of capacitive reactance loading of the power supply. 
     
     
         63 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the high voltage AC potential provided by the power supply is at a predetermined voltage from 10 KV AC RMS, root mean square, to 25,000,000 AC RMS, preferably from 50 KV AC RMS to 500 KV AC RMS, in particular from 100 KV AC RMS to 250 KV AC RMS. 
     
     
         64 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the high voltage AC potential provided by the power supply is at a predetermined frequency from 25 Hertz to 10,000,000 Hertz, preferably 10,000 Hertz to 100,000 Hertz, in particular from 20,000 Hertz to 50,000. 
     
     
         65 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the thermally and electrically insulated enclosure provides for the electrical isolation of AC ground potential to a location external to the space enclosed by said thermally and electrically insulated enclosure. 
     
     
         66 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the thermally and electrically insulated enclosure provides for: the outward passage of particulate and waveform radiations, and the restriction of the inward passage of thermal energy from the surrounding radiation absorbing and cooling medium. 
     
     
         67 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the absorbing and cooling medium provides for the absorption of emitted radiations released by the fusion reactor. 
     
     
         68 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 67  wherein the absorption of emitted radiations released by the reactor provides for: the harnessing of said radiations to do work, the shielding of the external environment of the reactor from radiations, and the cooling of the contained reactor and it's associated internal components. 
     
     
         69 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the envelope shell is a cylinder, toroid, helix, or a predetermined complex shape for containing fusion reactions. 
     
     
         70 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 69  wherein the envelope shell is composed of an electrically insulating material. 
     
     
         71 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 70  wherein the electrically insulating envelope shell provides for: the attachment of an electrically insulated support which concentrically centers the central target within the defined space enclosed by the envelope shell and the electrically insulated passage through said envelope shell of an electrical connection to the AC power supply. 
     
     
         72 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 69  wherein the central target is a cylinder, toroid, helix, or a predetermined complex shape which is concentrically centered in alignment and registration with the corresponding envelope shell. 
     
     
         73 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 72  wherein the central target is composed of a material capable of permitting and surviving nuclear reactions. 
     
     
         74 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 73  wherein the central target is Titanium which provides an impact surface for fusion reactions. 
     
     
         75 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the envelope shell is a sphere, cylinder, toroid, helix, or a predetermined complex shape for containing fusion reactions. 
     
     
         76 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 75  wherein the envelope shell is composed of an electrically conductive material. 
     
     
         77 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 75  wherein the central target is a sphere, cylinder, toroid, helix, or a predetermined complex shape which is concentrically centered in alignment and registration with the corresponding envelope shell and is devoid of all structure. 
     
     
         78 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 77  wherein the central target provides a region of virtual electrical ground. 
     
     
         79 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 49  wherein the envelope shell is a complex shape consisting of a cylinder sealed on both ends with bulbar ends aligned along a centrally concentric axis. 
     
     
         80 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 79  wherein the radii of the bulbar ends define a central and concentric focal point along the central, long axis of the envelope shell. 
     
     
         81 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 79  wherein the central cylindrical section defines the location of a conductive region forming an electric focus lens element. 
     
     
         82 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 79  wherein the central target is a sphere, cylinder, toroid, helix, or a complex shape which is concentrically centered in alignment and registration along the central long axis of the corresponding envelope shell and is devoid of all structure. 
     
     
         83 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 79  wherein the central target provides a region of virtual electrical ground. 
     
     
         84 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 79  wherein the envelope shell is composed of an electrically insulating material. 
     
     
         85 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 79  wherein the focal regions of the lens and bulbar regions of the insulated envelope shell consists of a conductive material. 
     
     
         86 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 81  wherein the electric focus lens element provides for the focus of converging ion beams onto the centrally located target. 
     
     
         87 : The concentric fusion reactor of  claim 79  wherein the electric focus lens comprises: an open cylindrical conductive region centered along the long axis of the envelope shell, a focus voltage power supply, electrical interconnections for connecting said lens and power supply, and operational controls. 
     
     
         88 : A light Hydrogen gas production plant, comprising:
 an inlet water conditioning plumbing system and,   a sequential series of heavy water separation unit(s) and,   a water electrolysis unit and,   a light Hydrogen gas collection unit and,   a light Hydrogen gas storage unit and,   a plumbing system and,   electrical and electronic apparatus.   
     
     
         89 : The light Hydrogen gas production plant of  claim 88  wherein this light Hydrogen production plant provides for: the purification of inlet water, the serial concentration of light water, the electrolysis of light water into light Hydrogen and Oxygen, the discharge of waste water, the discharge of Oxygen, the collection and storage of light Hydrogen, and a means of separating and purifying light Hydrogen from other Hydrogen isotopes. 
     
     
         90 : The light Hydrogen gas production plant of  claim 88  wherein the heavy water separation unit provides for the separation of heavy water and light water utilizing the differences in the phase change temperatures of heavy water with relation to that of light water. 
     
     
         91 : The light Hydrogen gas production plant of  claim 88  wherein the heavy water separation unit provides for the separation of heavy water and light water utilizing the differences in the specific gravity of heavy water with relation to that of light water.