Spin isolation apparatus, spin asymmetric material producing method, current source, and signal processing method

Abstract

A spin isolation apparatus comprising a particle source for emitting particles having spins, a receiving section for receiving the particles emitted by the particle source, a magnet for separating the particles into first particles having positive spins and second particles having negative spins, and a trajectory restricting section for isolating the first and the second particles received by the receiving section through restricting trajectories of the first particles and/or the second particles is provided. By applying this apparatus, particles having spins whose every sign is either one of the two signs can be mass-produced.

1 . A spin isolation apparatus which isolates particles each having a spin based on a sign of the spin of each of the particle, the apparatus comprising:
 a particle source which emits the particles;   a receiving section which receives the particles emitted by the particle source;   a Stern-Gerlach type electromagnet which has two magnet poles arranged apart from each other with a predetermined gap and which is placed between the particle source and the receiving section and which separates the particles into first particles each having a spin of a positive sign and second particles each having a spin of a negative sign; and   a trajectory restricting section which restricts the trajectories of at least one of the first particles and the second particles only to a lateral direction (y) to isolate the first and second particles to be received by the receiving section,   wherein the trajectory restricting section is a conducting wire or a conduit which connects the particle source and the receiving section, which is placed in the gap between the magnet poles, and which branches into two conducting wires or two conduits in a magnetic field formed by the magnet poles in the gap.   
     
     
         2 . The spin isolation apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the particles each having the spin are electrons, the receiving section includes storage devices, and the trajectory restricting section is the conductive wire which branches into the two wires. 
     
     
         3 . A current source comprising:
 a plurality of first electrons each having a positive spin and a plurality of second electrons each having a negative spin which are separated by using the spin isolation apparatus as defined in  claim 2 ;   a storage section which stores the first and second electrons; and   electrodes which output the first and second electrons,   wherein a number of the first electrons stored in the storage section and a number of the second electrons stored in the storage section are different from each other by a ratio greater than a predetermined ratio.   
     
     
         4 . A signal processing method for processing electric signals comprising:
 a step of forming a first electric signal with first electrons each having a positive spin supplied by the spin isolation apparatus as defined in  claim 2 ; and   a step of forming a second electric signal, which is different from the first electric signal, with second electrons each having a negative spin supplied by the spin isolation apparatus as defined in  claim 2 .   
     
     
         5 . The signal processing method according to  claim 4 , comprising:
 a step of forming a compound signal compounded from the first electric signal and the second electric signal; and   a step of decomposing the compound signal into at least two electric signals substantially equivalent to the first electric signal and the second electric signal.   
     
     
         6 . A production apparatus producing a spin asymmetric substance in which a number of particles each having a positive spin due to an electron and a number of particles each having a negative spin due to an electron are mutually different by a ratio greater than a predetermined ratio, the apparatus at least comprising:
 the current source as defined in  claim 3 ; and   a device which moves the electrons stored in the current source to a substance having an electric potential higher than that of the current source.   
     
     
         7 . A production apparatus producing a spin asymmetric substance in which a number of particles each having a positive spin due to an electron and a number of particles each having a negative spin due to an electron are mutually different by a ratio greater than a predetermined ratio, the apparatus at least comprising:
 the current source as defined in  claim 3 ; and   an electrolyser; and   a substance to be electrolyzed.   
     
     
         8 . A spin asymmetric substance produced by using the production apparatus as defined in  claim 6 . 
     
     
         9 . A spin asymmetric substance produced by using the production apparatus as defined in  claim 7 . 
     
     
         10 . A signal processing method for processing electric signals comprising:
 a step of forming a first electric signal with first electrons each having a positive spin supplied by the spin isolation apparatus as defined in  claim 3 ; and   a step of forming a second electric signal, which is different from the first electric signal, with second electrons each having a negative spin supplied by the spin isolation apparatus as defined in  claim 3 .   
     
     
         11 . A spin asymmetric substance produced by using a method which comprises:
 a step of arranging, one behind the other, a particle source which emits a beam of particles each having a spin, a Stern-Gerlach type electromagnet having two magnet poles arranged with a predetermined gap, and a substance to be a receiving section;   a step of emitting the particles each having the spin from the particle source;   a step of separating the particles each having the spin by the use of a trajectory restricting section as defined in  claim 1  into positive spin particles and negative spin particles by making the particles each having the spin pass through the gap defined in the electromagnet; and   a step of injecting, into the substance, one of the positive spin particles and the negative spin particles such that the injected particle is injected by the ratio greater than a predetermined ratio with respect to the other of the particles.