Krill Extracts for Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of treatment and/or prevention of cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, skin cancer, premenstrual syndrome, diabetes and transdermal transport enhancement. The method comprises the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of krill and/or marine oil to a patient. The present invention also relates to a composition for the treatment and/or prevention of these diseases.

1 . A method of decreasing cholesterol in a patient, said method comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of krill and/or marine oil in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil is obtained from a process comprising the steps of:
 a) placing krill and/or marine material in a ketone solvent, preferably acetone to achieve extraction of the soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   b) separating the liquid and solid contents;   c) recovering a first lipid rich fraction from the liquid contents by evaporation of the solvent present in the liquid contents;   d) placing said solid contents in an organic solvent selected from the group of solvents consisting of alcohol, preferably ethanol, isopropanol or t-butanol and esters of acetic acid, preferably ethyl acetate to achieve extraction of the remaining soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   e) separating the liquid and solid contents;   f) recovering a second lipid rich fraction by evaporation of the solvent from the liquid contents; and   g) recovering the solid contents.   
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil comprises Eicosapentanoic acid, Docosahexanoic acid, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Sphingomyelin, α-tocopherol, Astaxanthin, and flavonoid. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil further comprises at least one of the group consisting of Linoleic acid, Alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, monoglycerides, all-trans retinol, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, zinc, selenium, nervonic acid, sodium, potassium and calcium. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 4 , wherein said administering is effected orally. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 4 , wherein said krill and/or marine extract is administered in a quantity in a range of 1 to 4.8 grams per day. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein said quantity is 4.8 grams. 
     
     
         8 . A method of inhibiting platelet adhesion and plaque formation in arteries of a patient comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of krill and/or marine oil in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil is obtained from a process comprising the steps of:
 a) placing krill and/or marine material in a ketone solvent, preferably acetone to achieve extraction of the soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   b) separating the liquid and solid contents;   c) recovering a first lipid rich fraction from the liquid contents by evaporation of the solvent present in the liquid contents;   d) placing said solid contents in an organic solvent selected from the group of solvents consisting of alcohol, preferably ethanol, isopropanol or t-butanol and esters of acetic acid, preferably ethyl acetate to achieve extraction of the remaining soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   e) separating the liquid and solid contents;   f) recovering a second lipid rich fraction by evaporation of the solvent from the liquid contents; and   g) recovering the solid contents.   
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil comprises Eicosapentanoic acid, Docosahexanoic acid, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Sphingomyelin, α-tocopherol, Astaxanthin, and flavonoid. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil further comprises at least one of the group consisting of Linoleic acid, Alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, monoglycerides, all-trans retinol, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, zinc, selenium, nervonic acid, sodium, potassium and calcium. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein said administering is effected orally. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein said krill and/or marine extract is administered in a quantity in a range of 1 to 4.8 grams per day. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein said quantity is 4.8 grams. 
     
     
         15 . A method for preventing hypertension in a patient comprising a administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of krill and/or marine oil in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil is obtained from a process comprising the steps of:
 a) placing krill and/or marine material in a ketone solvent, preferably acetone to achieve extraction of the soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   b) separating the liquid and solid contents;   c) recovering a first lipid rich fraction from the liquid contents by evaporation of the solvent present in the liquid contents;   d) placing said solid contents in an organic solvent selected from the group of solvents consisting of alcohol, preferably ethanol, isopropanol or t-butanol and esters of acetic acid, preferably ethyl acetate to achieve extraction of the remaining soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   e) separating the liquid and solid contents;   f) recovering a second lipid rich fraction by evaporation of the solvent from the liquid contents; and   g) recovering the solid contents.   
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil comprises Eicosapentanoic acid, Docosahexanoic acid, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Sphingomyelin, α-tocopherol, Astaxanthin, and flavonoid. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil further comprises at least one of the group consisting of Linoleic acid, Alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, monoglycerides, all-trans retinol, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, zinc, selenium, nervonic acid, sodium, potassium and calcium. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein said administering is effected orally. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein said krill and/or marine extract is administered in a quantity in a range of 1 to 4.8 grams per day. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 20 , wherein said quantity is 4.8 grams. 
     
     
         22 . A method for symptomatic controlling or treating arthritis in a patient comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of krill and/or marine oil in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil is obtained from a process comprising the steps of:
 a) placing krill and/or marine material in a ketone solvent, preferably acetone to achieve extraction of the soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   b) separating the liquid and solid contents;   c) recovering a first lipid rich fraction from the liquid contents by evaporation of the solvent present in the liquid contents;   d) placing said solid contents in an organic solvent selected from the group of solvents consisting of alcohol, preferably ethanol, isopropanol or t-butanol and esters of acetic acid, preferably ethyl acetate to achieve extraction of the remaining soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   e) separating the liquid and solid contents;   f) recovering a second lipid rich fraction by evaporation of the solvent from the liquid contents; and   g) recovering the solid contents.   
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 23 , wherein said arthritis is selected from the group consisting of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 24 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil comprises Eicosapentanoic acid, Docosahexanoic acid, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Sphingomyelin, α-tocopherol, Astaxanthin, and flavonoid. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil further comprises at least one of the group consisting of Linoleic acid, Alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, monoglycerides, all-trans retinol, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, zinc, selenium, nervonic acid, sodium, potassium and calcium. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein said administering is effected orally. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein said krill and/or marine extract is administered in a quantity in a range of 1 to 4.8 grams per day. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 28 , wherein said quantity is 4.8 grams. 
     
     
         30 . A method for prevention of skin cancer in a patient comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a prophylactic effective amount of krill and/or marine oil in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 30 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil is obtained from a process comprising the steps of:
 a) placing krill and/or marine material in a ketone solvent, preferably acetone to achieve extraction of the soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   b) separating the liquid and solid contents;   c) recovering a first lipid rich fraction from the liquid contents by evaporation of the solvent present in the liquid contents;   d) placing said solid contents in an organic solvent selected from the group of solvents consisting of alcohol, preferably ethanol, isopropanol or t-butanol and esters of acetic acid, preferably ethyl acetate to achieve extraction of the remaining soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   e) separating the liquid and solid contents;   f) recovering a second lipid rich fraction by evaporation of the solvent from the liquid contents; and   g) recovering the solid contents.   
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil comprises Eicosapentanoic acid, Docosahexanoic acid, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Sphingomyelin, α-tocopherol, Astaxanthin, and flavonoid. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil further comprises at least one of the group consisting of Linoleic acid, Alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, monoglycerides, all-trans retinol, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, zinc, selenium, nervonic acid, sodium, potassium and calcium. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein said administering is effected orally. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein said krill and/or marine extract is administered in a quantity in a range of 1 to 4.8 grams per day. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 35 , wherein said quantity is 4.8 grams. 
     
     
         37 . A method for enhancing transdermal transportation for dermatological applications in a patient comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an enhancing effective amount of krill and/or marine oil in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 37 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil is obtained from a process comprising the steps of:
 a) placing krill and/or marine material in a ketone solvent, preferably acetone to achieve extraction of the soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   b) separating the liquid and solid contents;   c) recovering a first lipid rich fraction from the liquid contents by evaporation of the solvent present in the liquid contents;   d) placing said solid contents in an organic solvent selected from the group of solvents consisting of alcohol, preferably ethanol, isopropanol or t-butanol and esters of acetic acid, preferably ethyl acetate to achieve extraction of the remaining soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   e) separating the liquid and solid contents;   f) recovering a second lipid rich fraction by evaporation of the solvent from the liquid contents; and   g) recovering the solid contents.   
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 38 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil comprises Eicosapentanoic acid, Docosahexanoic acid, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Sphingomyelin, α-tocopherol, Astaxanthin, and flavonoid. 
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 39 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil further comprises at least one of the group consisting of Linoleic acid, Alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, monoglycerides, all-trans retinol, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, zinc, selenium, nervonic acid, sodium, potassium and calcium. 
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 40 , wherein said administering is effected orally and/or topically. 
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 40 , wherein said krill and/or marine extract is administered in a quantity in a range of 1 to 4.8 grams per day. 
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 42 , wherein said quantity is 4.8 grams. 
     
     
         44 . A method for reducing premenstrual syndrome's symptoms in a patient comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an enhancing effective amount of krill and/or marine oil in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 44 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil is obtained from a process comprising the steps of:
 a) placing krill and/or marine material in a ketone solvent, preferably acetone to achieve extraction of the soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   b) separating the liquid and solid contents;   c) recovering a first lipid rich fraction from the liquid contents by evaporation of the solvent present in the liquid contents;   d) placing said solid contents in an organic solvent selected from the group of solvents consisting of alcohol, preferably ethanol, isopropanol or t-butanol and esters of acetic acid, preferably ethyl acetate to achieve extraction of the remaining soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   e) separating the liquid and solid contents;   f) recovering a second lipid rich fraction by evaporation of the solvent from the liquid contents; and   g) recovering the solid contents.   
     
     
         46 . The method of  claim 45 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil comprises Eicosapentanoic acid, Docosahexanoic acid, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Sphingomyelin, α-tocopherol, Astaxanthin, and flavonoid. 
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 46 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil further comprises at least one of the group consisting of Linoleic acid, Alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, monoglycerides, all-trans retinol, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, zinc, selenium, nervonic acid, sodium, potassium and calcium. 
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein said administering is effected orally. 
     
     
         49 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein said krill and/or marine extract is administered in a quantity in a range of 1 to 4.8 grams per day. 
     
     
         50 . The method of  claim 49 , wherein said quantity is 4.8 grams. 
     
     
         51 . A method for controlling blood glucose level in a patient comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an enhancing effective amount of krill and/or marine oil in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     
     
         52 . The method of  claim 51 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil is obtained from a process comprising the steps of:
 a) placing krill and/or marine material in a ketone solvent, preferably acetone to achieve extraction of the soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   b) separating the liquid and solid contents;   c) recovering a first lipid rich fraction from the liquid contents by evaporation of the solvent present in the liquid contents;   d) placing said solid contents in an organic solvent selected from the group of solvents consisting of alcohol, preferably ethanol, isopropanol or t-butanol and esters of acetic acid, preferably ethyl acetate to achieve extraction of the remaining soluble lipid fraction from said marine and/or aquatic animal material;   e) separating the liquid and solid contents;   f) recovering a second lipid rich fraction by evaporation of the solvent from the liquid contents; and   g) recovering the solid contents.   
     
     
         53 . The method of  claim 52 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil comprises Eicosapentanoic acid, Docosahexanoic acid, Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Sphingomyelin, α-tocopherol, Astaxanthin, and flavonoid. 
     
     
         54 . The method of  claim 53 , wherein said krill and/or marine oil further comprises at least one of the group consisting of Linoleic acid, Alpha-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, monoglycerides, all-trans retinol, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, zinc, selenium, nervonic acid, sodium, potassium and calcium. 
     
     
         55 . The method of  claim 54 , wherein said administering is effected orally. 
     
     
         56 . The method of  claim 54 , wherein said krill and/or marine extract is administered in a quantity in a range of 1 to 4.8 grams per day. 
     
     
         57 . The method of  claim 56 , wherein said quantity is 4.8 grams.