Charging device for a bush expander for punched bush blanks made of steel, for example, and method for forging punched bush blanks

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging device for a bush expander for punched bush blanks, having a charging weight of, in the warm state, many hundreds of tonnes, for example 200 to 800 tonnes, preferably 200 to 600 tonnes, and to a method for forging punched bush blanks.

1 . Charging device for a bush expander for punched bush blanks made of steel, for example, having a temperature corresponding to the respectively required machining temperature, for example of more than 1000° C. in the case of steel, having a charging weight in the warm state, for example, of many hundreds of tonnes, for example of 200 to 800 tonnes, preferably 200 to 600 tonnes, having an external diameter of the bush blank in the initial charging state of 2000 millimeters to 14 000 millimeters, preferably 3000 to 8500 millimeters, having a height in the initial charging state of 1 to 9 meters, preferably 3 to 6 meters, having a forging mandrel, which is cooled by a cooling medium and can be introduced into the punched hole of the bush blank and which can be cooled by a coolant and is transportable, having at least one forming tool or die block, which partially shapes the peripheral surface of the bush blank and is drivable by motorized means, for example hydraulically, and for which the forging mandrel on the inner side of the punched hole of the bush blank forms the platen, wherein the forming tool in question can be driven cyclically by motorized means by drives at relatively high speed, for example at between 5 and 30 strokes, preferably 5 to 10 strokes per minute, wherein the charging device has a trolley, which can be driven laterally into the bush expander and which has mutually spaced supporting means for the mounting of the bush blank or of the ready-deformed bush, and wherein the supporting means have a plurality of, preferably three, mutually spaced bearing pedestals, which are vertically movable in a reciprocating motion in opposite directions and are rotationally movable, respectively by motorized means, and on which the bush blank, during the deformation operation, is arranged in vertical alignment, and wherein both the drive of the forming tool or tools and the drives for the supporting means and the charging device are incorporated in a CNC system, for example in a program-controlled manner. 
     
     
         2 . Charging device for a bush expander for punched bush blanks made of steel, for example, having a temperature corresponding to the respectively required machining temperature, for example of more than 1000° C. in the case of steel, having a charging weight in the warm state, for example, of many hundreds of tonnes, for example of 200 to 800 tonnes, preferably 200 to 600 tonnes, having an external diameter of the bush blank in the initial charging state of 2000 millimeters to 14 000 millimeters, preferably 3000 to 8500 millimeters, having a height in the initial charging state of 1 to 9 meters, preferably 3 to 6 meters, having a forging mandrel, which is cooled by a cooling medium and can be introduced into the punched hole of the bush blank and which can be cooled by a coolant and is transportable, having at least one forming tool or die block, which partially shapes the peripheral surface of the bush blank and is drivable by motorized means, for example hydraulically, and for which the forging mandrel on the inner side of the punched hole of the bush blank forms the platen, wherein the forming tool in question can be driven cyclically by motorized means by drives at relatively high speed, for example at between 5 and 30 strokes, preferably 5 to 10 strokes per minute, wherein the charging device has a trolley, which can be driven laterally into the bush expander and which has mutually spaced supporting means for the mounting of the bush blank or of the ready-deformed bush, and wherein the supporting means have a plurality of, preferably three, mutually spaced bearing pedestals, which are vertically movable in a reciprocating motion in opposite directions and are rotationally movable, respectively by motorized means, and on which the bush blank, during the deformation operation, is arranged in vertical alignment, and wherein both the drive of the forming tool or tools and the drives for the supporting means and the charging device are incorporated in a CNC system, for example in a program-controlled manner, wherein the supporting means are cylinders and pistons of a piston-cylinder unit, which are drivable by a pressure medium, in particular by a hydraulic pressure medium, and which are movable in a reciprocating motion independently of each other, but also simultaneously in synchronization, in a CNC-controlled manner. 
     
     
         3 . Charging device for a bush expander for punched bush blanks made of steel, for example, having a temperature corresponding to the respectively required machining temperature, for example of more than 1000° C. in the case of steel, having a charging weight in the warm state, for example, of many hundreds of tonnes, for example of 200 to 800 tonnes, preferably 200 to 600 tonnes, having an external diameter of the bush blank in the initial charging state of 2000 millimeters to 14 000 millimeters, preferably 3000 to 8500 millimeters, having a height in the initial charging state of 1 to 9 meters, preferably 3 to 6 meters, having a forging mandrel, which is cooled by a cooling medium and can be introduced into the punched hole of the bush blank and which can be cooled by a coolant and is transportable, having at least one forming tool or die block, which partially shapes the peripheral surface of the bush blank and is drivable by motorized means, for example hydraulically, and for which the forging mandrel on the inner side of the punched hole of the bush blank forms the platen, wherein the forming tool in question can be driven cyclically by motorized means by drives at relatively high speed, for example at between 5 and 30 strokes, preferably 5 to 25 strokes per minute, wherein the charging device has a trolley, which can be driven laterally into the bush expander and which has mutually spaced supporting means for the mounting of the bush blank or of the ready-deformed bush, and wherein the supporting means have a plurality of, preferably three, mutually spaced bearing pedestals, which are vertically movable in a reciprocating motion in opposite directions and are rotationally movable, respectively by motorized means, and on which the bush blank, during the deformation operation, is arranged in vertical alignment, and wherein both the drive of the forming tool or tools and the drives for the supporting means and the charging device are incorporated in a CNC system, for example in a program-controlled manner, wherein the supporting means are cylinders and pistons of a piston-cylinder unit, which are drivable by a pressure medium, in particular by a hydraulic pressure medium, and which are movable independently of each other in a reciprocating motion, but also simultaneously in synchronization, in a CNC-controlled manner, and wherein the reciprocating supporting means, for example the pistons or the reciprocating cylinders on which the bush blank is disposed, can be rotationally driven cyclically by, respectively, a motor drive. 
     
     
         4 . Charging device for a bush expander for punched bush blanks made of steel, for example, having a temperature corresponding to the respectively required machining temperature, for example of more than 1000° C. in the case of steel, having a charging weight in the warm state, for example, of many hundreds of tonnes, for example of 200 to 800 tonnes, preferably 200 to 600 tonnes, having an external diameter of the bush blank in the initial charging state of 2000 millimeters to 14 000 millimeters, preferably 3000 to 8500 millimeters, having a height in the charging state of 1 to 9 meters, preferably 3 to 6 meters, having a forging mandrel, which is cooled by a cooling medium and can be introduced into the punched hole of the bush blank and which can be cooled by a coolant and is transportable, having at least one forming tool or die block, which partially shapes the peripheral surface of the bush blank and is drivable by motorized means, for example hydraulically, and for which the forging mandrel on the inner side of the punched hole of the bush blank forms the platen, wherein the forming tool in question can be driven cyclically by motorized means by drives at relatively high speed, for example at between 5 and 30 strokes, preferably 5 to 10 strokes per minute, wherein the charging device has a trolley, which can be driven laterally into the bush expander and which has mutually spaced supporting means for the mounting of the bush blank or of the ready-deformed bush, and wherein the supporting means have a plurality of, preferably three, mutually spaced bearing pedestals, which are vertically movable in a reciprocating motion in opposite directions and are rotationally movable, respectively by motorized means, and on which the bush blank, during the deformation operation, is arranged in vertical alignment, and wherein both the drive of the forming tool or tools and the drives for the supporting means and the charging device are incorporated in a CNC system, for example in a program-controlled manner, wherein the supporting means are cylinders and pistons of a piston-cylinder unit, which are drivable by a pressure medium, in particular by a hydraulic pressure medium, and which are movable in a reciprocating motion independently of each other, but also simultaneously in synchronization, in a CNC-controlled manner, and wherein the reciprocating supporting means, for example the pistons or the reciprocating cylinders on which the bush blank is disposed, can be rotationally driven cyclically by, respectively, a motor drive, in such a way that the motor drives for the rotary drive of each supporting means are a piston-cylinder unit which is drivable by a pressure medium, in particular hydraulically, alternately in opposite directions and which, via an eccentric, drives the respective supporting means through at least an acute angle in the peripheral direction, preferably through 90° in opposite directions. 
     
     
         5 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the supporting means are arranged in the corner points of a triangle. 
     
     
         6 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that one of the reciprocating supporting means is disposed between mutually spaced, strip-like and parellelly arranged supporting walls, while two further supporting means, likewise disposed on the corner points of the triangle in question, are disposed next to strip-shaped supporting walls running at an angle to the parallelly running supporting walls. 
     
     
         7 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that, distributed over the periphery of the bush blank there are arranged at least two measuring device systems, which are electrically connected to the CNC system and which measure the vertical alignment and the bush geometry of the bush blank in relation to the supporting means, in such a way that their measurement values for the vertical alignment of the bush blanks on the supporting means, for the control of the stroke adjustment of the supporting means, are incorporated in the CNC system. 
     
     
         8 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the charging device, with the motor drives for the supporting means, is disposed on wheels or rollers such that it is transportable in a forcibly guided manner, in particular on rails. 
     
     
         9 . Charging device according to  claim 7 , characterized in that the laser measuring device systems are arranged scattered by an acute angle, preferably by an angle of 90°, over the periphery of the bush blank and, in the vertical direction, record measurement values at the bush blank and relay them to the CNC system. 
     
     
         10 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the forging mandrel is arranged such that it can be inserted into the punched hole of the bush blank, and also withdrawn again therefrom, by means of a crane, wherein the forging mandrel can be introduced manually by means of lead-in cylinders, or automatically by motorized means, into bearings for the forging mandrel. 
     
     
         11 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the centerpoints of the supporting means are arranged in the corner points of an isosceles triangle. 
     
     
         12 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the centerpoints of the supporting means, or the lift cylinders or piston rods thereof, are arranged in the corner points of an equilateral triangle. 
     
     
         13 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the supporting means, or the lift cylinders thereof, automatically adjust their horizontal position in accordance with the growth in diameter of the bush blank during the shaping process. 
     
     
         14 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the support points or support surfaces of the three supporting means form a translatory walking beam system and operate as such, and in that the stroke of each individual supporting means can be preselected on a continuously variable basis, in particular is incorporated in the CNC system. 
     
     
         15 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the support points or support surfaces of the supporting means are freely movable in the horizontal direction during the forging process and, after the forging stroke, automatically return the bush blank under CNC control into the correct position provided for the next forging cycle. 
     
     
         16 . Charging device according to  claim 1 , characterized in that, by virtue of the leveling out of the lifting cylinders of the supporting means, the end face profile of the bush blank is measurable, and hence registerable, and can be forwarded to the CNC system as a control signal for the drives of the supporting means. 
     
     
         17 . Method for forging punched bush blanks made of steel, for example, having a temperature corresponding to the respectively required machining temperature, for example of more than 1000° C. in the case of steel, having a charging weight in the warm state, for example, of many hundreds of tonnes, for example of 200 to 800 tonnes, preferably 200 to 600 tonnes, having an external diameter of the bush blank in the initial charging state of 2000 millimeters to 14 000 millimeters, preferably 3000 to 8500 millimeters, having a height in the initial charging state of 1 to 9 meters, preferably 3 to 6 meters, having a forging mandrel, which is cooled by a cooling medium and can be introduced into the punched hole of the bush blank and which can be cooled by a coolant and is transportable, having at least one forming tool or die block, which partially shapes the peripheral surface of the bush blank and is drivable by motorized means, for example hydraulically, and for which the forging mandrel on the inner side of the punched hole of the bush blank forms the platen, wherein the forming tool in question can be driven cyclically by motorized means by drives at relatively high speed, for example at between 5 and 30 strokes, preferably 5 to 10 strokes per minute, wherein the charging device has a trolley, which can be driven laterally into the bush expander and which has mutually spaced supporting means for the mounting of the bush blank or of the ready-deformed bush, and wherein the supporting means have a plurality of, preferably three, mutually spaced bearing pedestals, which are vertically movable in a reciprocating motion in opposite directions and are rotationally movable, respectively by motorized means, and on which the bush blank, during the deformation operation, is arranged in vertical alignment, and in that both the drive of the forming tool or tools and the drives for the supporting means and the charging device are incorporated in a CNC system, for example in a program-controlled manner. 
     
     
         18 . Method for forging punched bush blanks made of steel, for example, having a temperature corresponding to the respectively required machining temperature, for example of more than 1000° C. in the case of steel, having a charging weight in the warm state, for example, of many hundreds of tonnes, for example of 200 to 800 tonnes, preferably 200 to 600 tonnes, having an external diameter of the bush blank in the initial charging state of 2000 millimeters to 14 000 millimeters, preferably 3000 to 8500 millimeters, having a height in the initial charging state of 1 to 9 meters, preferably 3 to 6 meters, having a forging mandrel, which is cooled by a cooling medium and can be introduced into the punched hole of the bush blank and which can be cooled by a coolant and is transportable, having at least one forming tool or die block, which partially shapes the peripheral surface of the bush blank and is drivable by motorized means, for example hydraulically, and for which the forging mandrel on the inner side of the punched hole of the bush blank forms the platen, wherein the forming tool in question can be driven cyclically by motorized means by drives at relatively high speed, for example at between 5 and 30 strokes, preferably 5 to 10 strokes per minute, wherein the charging device has a trolley, which can be driven laterally into the bush expander and which has mutually spaced supporting means for the mounting of the bush blank or of the ready-deformed bush, and wherein the supporting means have a plurality of, preferably three, mutually spaced bearing pedestals, which are vertically movable in a reciprocating motion in opposite directions and are rotationally movable, respectively by motorized means, and on which the bush blank, during the deformation operation, is arranged in vertical alignment, and in that both the drive of the forming tool or tools and the drives for the supporting means and the charging device are incorporated in a CNC system, for example in a program-controlled manner, wherein the supporting means are cylinders and pistons of a piston-cylinder unit, which are drivable by a pressure medium, in particular by a hydraulic pressure medium, and which are movable independently of each other in a reciprocating motion, but also simultaneously in synchronization, in a CNC-controlled manner. 
     
     
         19 . Method for forging punched bush blanks made of steel, for example, having a temperature corresponding to the respectively required machining temperature, for example of more than 1000° C. in the case of steel, having a charging weight in the warm state, for example, of many hundreds of tonnes, for example of 200 to 800 tonnes, preferably 200 to 600 tonnes, having an external diameter of the bush blank in the initial charging state of 2000 millimeters to 14 000 millimeters, preferably 3000 to 8500 millimeters, having a height in the initial charging state of 1 to 9 meters, preferably 3 to 6 meters, having a forging mandrel, which is cooled by a cooling medium and can be introduced into the punched hole of the bush blank and which can be cooled by a coolant and is transportable, having at least one forming tool or die block, which partially shapes the peripheral surface of the bush blank and is drivable by motorized means, for example hydraulically, and for which the forging mandrel on the inner side of the punched hole of the bush blank forms the platen, wherein the forming tool in question can be driven cyclically by motorized means by drives at relatively high speed, for example at between 5 and 30 strokes, preferably 5 to 25 strokes per minute, wherein the charging device has a trolley, which can be driven laterally into the bush expander and which has mutually spaced supporting means for the mounting of the bush blank or of the ready-deformed bush, and wherein the supporting means have a plurality of, preferably three, mutually spaced bearing pedestals, which are vertically movable in a reciprocating motion in opposite directions and are rotationally movable, respectively by motorized means, and on which the bush blank, during the deformation operation, is arranged in vertical alignment, and in that both the drive of the forming tool or tools and the drives for the supporting means and the charging device are incorporated in a CNC system, for example in a program-controlled manner, wherein the supporting means are cylinders and pistons of a piston-cylinder unit, which are drivable by a pressure medium, in particular by a hydraulic pressure medium, and which are movable independently of each other in a reciprocating motion, but also simultaneously in synchronization, in a CNC-controlled manner, and wherein the reciprocating supporting means, for example the pistons or the reciprocating cylinders on which the bush blank is disposed, can be rotationally driven cyclically by, respectively, a motor drive. 
     
     
         20 . Method for forging punched bush blanks made of steel, for example, having a temperature corresponding to the respectively required machining temperature, for example of more than 1000° C. in the case of steel, having a charging weight in the warm state, for example, of many hundreds of tonnes, for example of 200 to 800 tonnes, preferably 200 to 600 tonnes, having an external diameter of the bush blank in the initial charging state of 2000 millimeters to 14 000 millimeters, preferably 3000 to 8500 millimeters, having a height in the charging state of 1 to 9 meters, preferably 3 to 6 meters, having a forging mandrel, which is cooled by a cooling medium and can be introduced into the punched hole of the bush blank and which can be cooled by a coolant and is transportable, having at least one forming tool or die block, which partially shapes the peripheral surface of the bush blank and is drivable by motorized means, for example hydraulically, and for which the forging mandrel on the inner side of the punched hole of the bush blank forms the platen, wherein the forming tool in question can be driven cyclically by motorized means by drives at relatively high speed, for example at between 5 and 30 strokes, preferably 5 to 10 strokes per minute, wherein the charging device has a trolley, which can be driven laterally into the bush expander and which has mutually spaced supporting means for the mounting of the bush blank or of the ready-deformed bush, and wherein the supporting means have a plurality of, preferably three, mutually spaced bearing pedestals, which are vertically movable in a reciprocating motion in opposite directions and are rotationally movable, respectively by motorized means, and on which the bush blank, during the deformation operation, is arranged in vertical alignment, and in that both the drive of the forming tool or tools and the drives for the supporting means and the charging device are incorporated in a CNC system, for example in a program-controlled manner, wherein the supporting means are cylinders and pistons of a piston-cylinder unit, which are drivable by a pressure medium, in particular by a hydraulic pressure medium, and which are movable independently of each other in a reciprocating motion, but also simultaneously in synchronization, in a CNC-controlled manner, and wherein the reciprocating supporting means, for example the pistons or the reciprocating cylinders on which the bush blank is disposed, can be rotationally driven cyclically by, respectively, a motor drive, in such a way that the motor drives for the rotary drive of each supporting means are a piston-cylinder unit which is drivable by a pressure medium, in particular hydraulically, alternately in opposite directions, which motor drives, via an eccentric, drive the respective supporting means through at least an acute angle in the peripheral direction, preferably through 90° in opposite directions. 
     
     
         21 . Method according to  claim 17 , characterized in that, distributed over the periphery of the bush blank there are arranged at least two measuring device systems, which are electrically connected to the CNC system and which measure the vertical alignment and the bush geometry of the bush blank in relation to the supporting means, in such a way that their measurement values for the vertical alignment of the bush blanks on the supporting means, for the control of the stroke adjustment of the supporting means, are incorporated in the CNC system. 
     
     
         22 . Method according to  claim 17 , characterized in that the laser measuring device systems, which are arranged scattered by an acute angle, preferably by an angle of 90°, over the periphery of the bush blank, record in the vertical direction measurement values at the bush blank and relay them to the CNC system. 
     
     
         23 . Method according to  claim 17 , characterized in that the support points or support surfaces of the supporting means are freely movable in the horizontal direction during the forging process and, following the forging stroke, automatically return the bush blank under CNC control into the correct position provided for the next forging cycle. 
     
     
         24 . Method according to  claim 17 , characterized in that, by virtue of the leveling out of the lifting cylinders of the supporting means, the end face profile of the bush blank is measurable, and hence registerable, and can be forwarded to the CNC system as a control signal for the drives of the supporting means.