US2011300403A1PendingUtilityA1

Fabrication of structural armor

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Individually held — no corporate assignee on recordPriority: Jun 17, 2004Filed: Aug 8, 2011Published: Dec 8, 2011
Est. expiryJun 17, 2024(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Kenneth VecchioAashish RohatgiJohn B. Kosmatka
Y10T428/12632Y10T428/12986Y10T428/12951Y10T428/1241B23K 2103/14Y10T428/12389Y10T428/12806B23K 2103/10Y10T428/12819Y10T428/12944Y10T428/12736Y10T428/12486B23K 20/023Y10T428/12743Y10T428/12729
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Claims

Abstract

Fabrication techniques for and examples of metallic composite materials with high toughness, high strength, and lightweight for various structural, armor, and structural-armor applications. For example, various advanced materials based on metallic-intermetallic laminate (MIL) composite materials are described, including materials with passive damping features and built-in sensors.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 . An article of manufacture, comprising:
 a metal substrate; and   a stack of alternating metal and intermetallic layers metallurgically bonded to one another and to a surface of the metal substrate, wherein each metal layer comprises a first metal and each intermetallic layer comprises an alloy of the first metal and a second metal, wherein thickness values of the layers in the stack are spatially graded.   
     
     
         2 . The article as in  claim 1 , wherein the first metal comprises titanium. 
     
     
         3 . The article as in  claim 1 , wherein the second metal comprises aluminum. 
     
     
         4 . The article as in  claim 1 , wherein the first metal comprises a titanium alloy. 
     
     
         5 . The article as in  claim 1 , wherein the first metal comprises titanium, the second metal comprises aluminum, and each intermetallic layer is titanium trialuminide. 
     
     
         6 . An article of manufacture, comprising:
 a substrate comprising a first metal;   a stack of alternating metal and intermetallic layers metallurgically bonded to one another and to a surface of the substrate, wherein each metal layer comprises the first metal and each intermetallic layer comprises a compound of the first metal and a second metal; and   a plurality of metal wires penetrating through the stack and each having a portion embedded in the substrate, each metal wire metallurgically bonded to the stack and substrate.   
     
     
         7 . The article as in  claim 6 , wherein the first metal comprises titanium, and the second metal comprises aluminum. 
     
     
         8 . An article of manufacture, comprising:
 a stack of alternating metal and intermetallic layers metallurgically bonded to one another, wherein each metal layer comprises the first metal and each intermetallic layer comprises a compound of the first metal and a second metal; and   at least one sensor embedded in the stack operable to measure a parameter indicative of a condition of the stack.   
     
     
         9 . The article as in  claim 8 , wherein the sensor comprises a vibration sensor. 
     
     
         10 . The article as in  claim 9 , wherein the vibration sensor comprises a piezoelectric material. 
     
     
         11 . The article as in  claim 10 , wherein the piezoelectric material comprises a lithium niobate crystal. 
     
     
         12 . The article as in  claim 9 , wherein the sensor comprises a temperature sensor. 
     
     
         13 . The article as in  claim 8 , further comprising a control mechanism engaged to the stack to control the stack in response to a signal from the sensor. 
     
     
         14 . An article of manufacture, comprising:
 a stack of alternating metal and intermetallic layers metallurgically bonded to one another, wherein each metal layer comprises a first metal and each intermetallic layer comprises an alloy of the first metal and a second metal; and   a closed metal box enclosing the stack, wherein each inner wall of the closed metal box is metallurgically bonded to the stack.   
     
     
         15 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises titanium. 
     
     
         16 . The article as in  claim 15 , wherein the second metal comprises aluminum. 
     
     
         17 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises a titanium alloy. 
     
     
         18 . The article as in  claim 15 , wherein the first metal comprises titanium and the second metal comprises aluminum. 
     
     
         19 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises nickel. 
     
     
         20 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises a nickel alloy. 
     
     
         21 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises vanadium. 
     
     
         22 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises a vanadium alloy. 
     
     
         23 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises iron. 
     
     
         24 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises an iron alloy. 
     
     
         25 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises tantalum. 
     
     
         26 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises a tantalum alloy. 
     
     
         27 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises an aluminide-forming metal or alloy. 
     
     
         28 . The article as in  claim 15 , wherein the second metal comprises an aluminum alloy. 
     
     
         29 . The article as in  claim 15 , wherein the second metal comprises an aluminum metal matrix composite. 
     
     
         30 . The article as in  claim 15 , wherein the second metal comprises an aluminum-infiltrate ceramic composite. 
     
     
         31 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises a metal or alloy that forms intermetallic compounds with magnesium, including aluminum and its alloys. 
     
     
         32 . The article as in  claim 15 , wherein the second metal comprises magnesium. 
     
     
         33 . The article as in  claim 15 , wherein the second metal comprises a magnesium alloy. 
     
     
         34 . The article as in  claim 15 , wherein the second metal comprises a magnesium metal matrix composite. 
     
     
         35 . The article as in  claim 15 , wherein the second metal comprises a magnesium-infiltrate ceramic composite. 
     
     
         36 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises a titanium alloy. 
     
     
         37 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein the first metal comprises titanium, the second metal comprises aluminum, and each intermetallic layer is titanium trialuminide. 
     
     
         38 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein each layer in the stack is planar. 
     
     
         39 . The article as in  claim 14 , wherein at least part of the layers in the stack comprise corrugations.

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