Chemomechanical manufacture of functional colloids

Abstract

A method for producing a functional colloid during which particles are reactively fragmented in a mechanical manner in a dispersant in the presence of a modifying agent so that the modifying agent is chemically bound, at least in part, to the fragmented colloid particles.

1 - 16 . (canceled) 
     
     
         17 . A method for the chemomechanical manufacture of a functional colloid, comprising the steps of:
 manufacturing particles by flame pyrolysis; and   subjecting the particles to mechanical reactive comminution in a dispersant in the presence of a modifying agent to produce comminuted colloid particles, wherein the modifying agent is at least partially chemically bound to the comminuted colloid particles.   
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the modifying agent is a silane having the general formula (l)
   R a SiX( 4-a )   (l)
   
       wherein residues R are the same or different, and represent non-hydrolyzable groups, residues X are the same or different, and represent hydrolyzable groups of hydroxy groups, and a has the value 1, 2 or 3. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein the residue R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein the residue R has a functional group selected from epoxide, hydroxy, ether, amino, monoalkyl amino, dialkyl amino, anilino, amide, carboxy, acryl, acryloxy, methacryl, methacryloxy, mercapto, cyano, alkoxy, isocyanato, aldehyde, alkyl carbonyl, and acid anhydride. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the residue R at least partially exhibits organic residues, which are substituted with fluorine. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 20 , wherein the residue R at least partially exhibits organic residues, which are substituted with fluorine. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 20 , wherein the residue R at least partially exhibits organic residues, which are substituted with fluorine. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein reactive comminution of the particles is carried out in a mill with loose milling bodies. 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 24 , wherein the milling bodies have a diameter not to exceed 2.5 mm. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein reactive comminution includes providing the dispersant according to the jet nozzle principle. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the modifying agent is bound to the colloid particles via hydrogen bridges, either covalently, ionically or coordinatively. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the modifying agent has a molecular weight not to exceed 500. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the formed colloid particles have an average smallest dimension not to exceed 0.2 μm. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the modifying agent in the dispersant exhibits no surfactant properties. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the modifying agent is selected from the group consisting of a silane, a carbonic acid, an aminocarbonic acid, an amine and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the modifying agent is also used as the dispersant. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein reactive comminution is carried out in a comminution machine and is provided by an additional supply of energy to the dispersion, wherein the additional energy is supplied directly in the comminution machine. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein reactive comminution is carried out in a comminution machine and is provided by an additional supply of energy to the dispersion, wherein the additional energy is supplied directly outside the comminution machine. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the additional energy supply takes place via ultrasound and/or microwaves. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the additional energy supply takes place via ultrasound and/or microwaves. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 17 , further comprising removing the dispersant after manufacture of the functional colloid.