Lead-Free nanoscale Metal/Oxidizer Composit for Percussion Primers

Abstract

A lead-free percussion primer compositions include a mixture of at least one metal having nanometer-sized particles with at least one oxidizer having nanometer-sized particles producing a metal(s)-oxidizer(s) nanocomposite, wherein the oxidizer(s) is present in an effective amount to substantially oxidize the metal(s), at least one gas generating material mixed with the metal(s)-oxidizer(s) nanocomposite producing a metal(s)-oxidizer(s)-gas generator(s) composition, and at least one binder, the metal(s)-oxidizer(s)-gas generating composition is coated with the binder.

1 . A lead-free percussion primer composition comprising:
 a mixture of at least one metal having nanometer-sized particles with at least one oxidizer having nanometer-sized particles producing a metal(s)-oxidizer(s) nanocomposite, wherein said oxidizer(s) is present in an effective amount to substantially oxidize said metal(s);   at least one gas generating material (gas generator) mixed with said metal(s)-oxidizer(s) nanocomposite producing a metal(s)-oxidizer(s)-gas generator(s) composition, wherein said gas generating material comprises bis-aminotetrazolyl-tetrazine (BTATz); and   at least one binder, said metal(s)-oxidizer(s)-gas generating composition is coated with said binder.   
     
     
         2 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said metal(s) being in the form of a powder which comprises at least one of aluminum, boron, titanium, zirconium, magnesium, hafnium, and any combination thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said metal(s) being in the form of a powder having a particle size of up to about 100 nanometers. 
     
     
         4 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said metal(s) being in the form of a powder having a particle size of about 20 nm to about 80 nm. 
     
     
         5 . The composition according to  claim 4 , wherein said metal(s) being in the form of a powder having a particle size of about 20 nm to about 60 nm. 
     
     
         6 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said oxidizer includes metal oxidizer(s) comprising at least one of Molybdenum Trioxides (MoO 3 ), Copper Oxides (CuO), Tungsten Oxides (WO 3 ), MoO 2 , Molybdenum Oxides (MoO 2 ), and any combination thereof. 
     
     
         7 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said oxidizer includes metal molybdates being M-MoO 4  (M=Ag 2 , Sr, Ca, (NH 4 ) 2 . 
     
     
         8 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said oxidizer includes metal nitrates being M-(NO 3 ) x  (M=Li, Na, K, Sr, Ca). 
     
     
         9 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said oxidizer includes metal perchlorate(s) being M-(ClO 4 ) x  (M=Li, Na, K, Ca, Sr). 
     
     
         10 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said oxidizer(s) being in the form of a powder includes molybdenum trioxide. 
     
     
         11 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said oxidizer(s) being in the form of a powder having a particle size of up to about 100 nanometers. 
     
     
         12 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said oxidizer(s) being in the form of a powder having a particle size of about 20 nm to about 80 nm. 
     
     
         13 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said oxidizer(s) being in the form of a powder having a particle size of about 20 nm to about 60 nm. 
     
     
         14 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said gas generating material comprises at least one of bis-aminotetrazolyl-tetrazine (BTATz) salts. 
     
     
         15 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said gas generating material comprises at least one of Guanidinium Bitetrazole (GBt), Bisguanidinium Azotetrazole (GAZT), Bis-tetrazole (BT), Triaminoguanidinum Nitrate (TAGN), 5-Aminotetrazole (5-AT), and any combination thereof. 
     
     
         16 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said primer composition includes about 5 to about 50 weight % of said gas generating material(s). 
     
     
         17 . The composition according to  claim 16 , wherein said primer composition includes about 20 to about 30 weight % of said gas generating material(s). 
     
     
         18 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said gas generating material includes BTATZ being about 25 to about 35 wt % of said primer composition. 
     
     
         19 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said binder comprises at least one of Kel-F®, Teflon®, Polyethylene Oxide (PEO), Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), Gylcidyl Azide Polymer (GAP), Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB), and any combination thereof. 
     
     
         20 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said binder comprises at least one of Kel-F® and Teflon®. 
     
     
         21 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said primer composition includes about 2 to about 25 weight % of said binder(s). 
     
     
         22 . The composition according to  claim 21 , wherein said primer composition includes about 4 weight % of said binder(s). 
     
     
         23 . The composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said binder(s), having a particle size of up to about 100 nanometers. 
     
     
         24 . The composition according to  claim 1 , further comprising conductive additive(s) having a particle size of up to about 100 nanometers. 
     
     
         25 . The composition according to  claim 24 , wherein said conductive additive(s) comprises at least one of carbon black, conductive polymers, conductive submicron metals including (gold, platinum, palladium, and nickel), calcium silicide, and any combination thereof.