Device for generating and transmitting heat capable of operating with fuel in any physical state and combustion flame

Abstract

Device for generating and transmitting heat capable of operating with fuel in any physical state that includes at least one cylindrical combustion chamber ( 9 ) divided into a lower section ( 11 ) and an upper section ( 12 ) of variable height, a pressurized air chamber ( 26 ) arranged below the lower section ( 11 ) of the combustion chamber, and a plurality of air injectors ( 14 ). The device is characterized in that the air injectors ( 14 ) are supported on a flat ring ( 43 ) and set in a second flat ring ( 52 ) and in that it also includes a set of replaceable parts (A) arranged in the free centre of both flat rings ( 43 and 52 ) and whose specific configuration depends on the physical state of the fuel being used. Furthermore said set of replaceable parts (A) includes at least one central air injector ( 16 ) located in the geometric centre of the unit.

1 . Device for generating and transmitting heat comprising at least:
 one cylindrical combustion chamber ( 9 ) divided into a lower section ( 11 ) and an upper section ( 12 ) of variable height,   one pressurized air chamber ( 26 ) arranged below the lower section ( 11 ) of the combustion chamber ( 9 ), and   a plurality of air injectors ( 14 ), characterized in that:   the air injectors ( 14 ) are supported on a first flat ring ( 43 ) making up the upper part of the pressurized air chamber ( 26 ) and embedded in a second flat ring ( 52 ) arranged in contact with the lower end of the cylinder making up the combustion chamber ( 9 ), said first flat ring ( 43 ) having holes ( 59  y  60 ) with at least two different diameters in their surface,   and in that it also includes:   a set of replaceable parts (A) arranged in the free centre of both flat rings ( 43  and  52 ), at the lower end of the lower section ( 11 ) of the combustion chamber ( 9 ) and attached to the second flat ring ( 52 ) by means of an expansion joint ( 54 ), said set of replaceable parts (A) comprises at least one central air injector ( 16 ) provided in the geometric center of the set of replaceable parts (A), with the rest of its depending on the physical state of the fuel to be used, and   at least one fan ( 63 ).   
     
     
         2 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the pressurized air chamber ( 26 ) is made up by a second cylinder ( 42 ) and provides pressurized air ( 18 ) to the plurality of air injectors ( 14 ) and to the central air injector ( 16 ) comprised in the set of pieces (A). 
     
     
         3 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the flat ring ( 43 ) that forms the upper part of the pressurized air chamber ( 26 ) also includes a vertical skirt support ( 51 ) finished, at the top, in a crown shape. 
     
     
         4 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that each air injector ( 14 ) has a side aperture ( 14   a ) and an upper aperture ( 14   b ), so that the side aperture ( 14   a ) allows injecting air flows in a substantially horizontal direction ( 2 ) and the upper aperture ( 14   b ) allows injecting air flows in a substantially vertical direction ( 15 ), while the central air injector ( 16 ) injects an air flow in a substantially vertical direction ( 17 ), such that the combined action of all air flows ( 2 ,  15  and  17 ) produces an upward rotational air flow inside the combustion chamber. 
     
     
         5 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 4 , characterized in that each air injector ( 14 ) has, in its side aperture ( 14   a ), a nozzle ( 47 ) for the exit of air. 
     
     
         6 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the two sections ( 11  and  12 ) of the cylinder ( 9 ) which forms the combustion chamber are formed by the interposition of a third flat splitter ring ( 10 ). 
     
     
         7 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that in the upper section ( 12 ) of the cylinder ( 9 ) pressure relief holes ( 21 ) are provided. 
     
     
         8 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the second flat ring ( 52 ) is fixed by means of fixation means ( 46 ) of the type of a pin, bolt or screw arranged to be sandwiched between the air injectors ( 14 ). 
     
     
         9 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the set of replaceable parts (A) also includes:
 a first flat disc ( 13 ) attached to the second flat ring ( 52 ) through the expansion joint ( 54 ), and   a second flat disc ( 44 ), parallel to the latter, supported on the first flat ring ( 43 );   so that the central air injector ( 16 ) is embedded between both flat discs ( 13  and  44 ), in their geometric center.   
     
     
         10 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 9 , characterized in that at the geometric center of the second flat disc ( 44 ), around and in circular distribution concentric with the central air injector ( 16 ), a plurality of apertures ( 16 ′) is provided, through which the pressurized air ( 18 ) coming from the pressurized air chamber ( 26 ) enters, when said pressurized air impacts against the first flat disc ( 13 ), contributes to its cooling, and because of the finishing in a crown shape on top of the vertical skirt support ( 51 ), said air continues with a substantially horizontal path ( 31 ) until exiting the pressurized air chamber ( 26 ). 
     
     
         11 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 10 , characterized in that when the fuel to be used is gas or liquid, the set of replaceable parts (A) also comprises
 a plurality of fuel injectors ( 19 ) arranged supported on the second flat disc ( 44 ) and passed through the first flat disc ( 13 ) through holes that are made in said first flat disc ( 13 ),   a fuel distributor ( 30 ) the top of which forms the second flat disc ( 44 ), and   a fuel supply pipe ( 29 ) to the distributor.   
     
     
         12 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 11 , characterized in that when the fuel to be used is liquid, the set of replaceable parts (A) also comprises a plate ( 53 ) for retaining the liquid fuel and the fuel distributor ( 30 ) varies its configuration so that the fuel supply includes a substantially horizontal and parallel route ( 20 ′) to the first flat disc ( 13 ) before the fuel reaches the fuel injector ( 19 ). 
     
     
         13 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 4 , characterized in that the fuel injectors ( 19 ) have a side aperture so that the injection of fuel in gas or liquid state is performed along a substantially horizontal direction ( 5 ), in order to contribute to the rotational direction of the air flows ( 2 ,  15  and  17 ), and the fuel injectors ( 19 ) are fed by the bottom ( 20 ). 
     
     
         14 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that a third cylinder ( 22 ), concentric with cylinder ( 9 ) making up the combustion chamber is provided, which is separated from said chamber by a space ( 23 ), through lower end of said space an air flow ( 24 ) fed by the pressurized air ( 18 ) flows from the pressurized air chamber ( 26 ). 
     
     
         15 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 10 , characterized in that to the air flow ( 24 ) flowing through the lower end of the separation space ( 23 ) between the cylinder ( 9 ) making up the combustion chamber and the third cylinder ( 22 ), the air flow in a substantially horizontal direction ( 31 ) coming from the vertical skirt support ( 51 ) is additionally added, and together form an air flow ( 32 ) that is directed towards the upper end of the cylinders ( 9 ,  22 ), to an outlet ( 33 ). 
     
     
         16 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 14 , characterized in that in the upper section ( 12 ) of the cylinder ( 9 ) pressure relief holes ( 21 ) are provided, and in the third cylinder ( 22 ) pressure relief holes ( 25 ) to aligned with the pressure relief holes ( 21 ) of the cylinder ( 9 ) making up the combustion chamber are provided; also at the upper edge of the third cylinder ( 22 ) a fourth flat ring ( 37 ) is placed. 
     
     
         17 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 14 , characterized in that a fourth cylinder ( 28 ), concentric with the previous cylinders ( 9  and  22 ) is provided, which is separately arranged from the latter by a space ( 34 ) through which an air flow ( 35 ) fed by the pressurized air ( 18 ) of the air pressure chamber ( 26 ) flows; said air flow ( 35 ) is directed towards the upper end of the cylinders ( 22  and  28 ), to a second outlet ( 36 ). 
     
     
         18 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 17 , characterized in that in the fourth cylinder ( 28 ) pressure relief holes ( 27 ) aligned with the pressure relief holes ( 21  and  25 ) of the previous cylinders ( 9  and  22 ) are also provided, and the second outlet ( 36 ) of said fourth cylinder ( 28 ) is defined by a fifth flat ring ( 38 ) placed on the upper edge of the fourth cylinder ( 28 ) and which has at its outer edge a ring ( 39 ), together with the outer edge of the fourth flat ring ( 37 ) of the upper edge of the third cylinder ( 22 ). 
     
     
         19 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 17 , characterized in that a sixth flat ring ( 45 ) on the upper end of the second cylinder ( 42 ) that forms the pressurized air chamber ( 26 ) is further provided, on said flat ring ( 45 ) the fourth cylinder ( 28 ) is supported, the flat ring ( 45 ) being fixed to the cylinder ( 28 ) by conventional fastening means. 
     
     
         20 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one fan ( 63 ) also includes a sliding sheet ( 55 ) in order open or close the air intake to the fan ( 63 ). 
     
     
         21 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that thereon, a heat sink ( 41 ) is placed, separated by a space ( 40 ). 
     
     
         22 . Combustion flame obtained inside the device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a plurality of combustion discs ( 3 ), formed by combustion gases, separated by air discs ( 4 ) formed by the air flows ( 2 ,  15  and  17 ) that are provided for oxidizing the fuel, and the air supply is performed so as to provide rotation to the flame, such that it takes the form of a pulsating vortex with air central areas ( 6 ), sections of continuity ( 7 ) between the combustion discs ( 3 ) and ends ( 8 ). 
     
     
         23 . Combustion flame according to  claim 22 , characterized in that each of the combustion gas discs ( 3 ) has an outer surface defining an oxidation surface, such that the sum of all oxidation surfaces of each of the combustion gas discs ( 3 ) existing in said flame is defined as the total oxidation surface of the combustion flame. 
     
     
         24 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 11 , characterized in that the fuel injectors ( 19 ) have a side aperture so that the injection of fuel in gas or liquid state is performed along a substantially horizontal direction ( 5 ), in order to contribute to the rotational direction of the air flows ( 2 ,  15  and  17 ), and the fuel injectors ( 19 ) are fed by the bottom ( 20 ). 
     
     
         25 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 12 , characterized in that the fuel injectors ( 19 ) have a side aperture so that the injection of fuel in gas or liquid state is performed along a substantially horizontal direction ( 5 ), in order to contribute to the rotational direction of the air flows ( 2 ,  15  and  17 ), and the fuel injectors ( 19 ) are fed by the bottom ( 20 ). 
     
     
         26 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 14 , characterized in that to the air flow ( 24 ) flowing through the lower end of the separation space ( 23 ) between the cylinder ( 9 ) making up the combustion chamber and the third cylinder ( 22 ), the air flow in a substantially horizontal direction ( 31 ) coming from the vertical skirt support ( 51 ) is additionally added, and together form an air flow ( 32 ) that is directed towards the upper end of the cylinders ( 9 ,  22 ), to an outlet ( 33 ). 
     
     
         27 . Device for generating and transmitting heat according to  claim 18 , characterized in that a sixth flat ring ( 45 ) on the upper end of the second cylinder ( 42 ) that forms the pressurized air chamber ( 26 ) is further provided, on said flat ring ( 45 ) the fourth cylinder ( 28 ) is supported, the flat ring ( 45 ) being fixed to the cylinder ( 28 ) by conventional fastening means.