High efficiency turbine

Abstract

Provided is a turbine having a first impingement-type turbine portion and a second impingement-type turbine portion integrated into a rotatable disk, wherein the first impulse-type turbine portion has a plurality chutes and a high contact surface for contacting a working fluid and wherein the second impingement-type turbine portion has a plurality of ducts in an upstream rotor and a plurality of vanes in downstream rotor.

1 . A turbine comprising:
 a. a rotatable shaft having an axis of rotation; and   b. a rotor assembly comprising:
 i. a rotatable disk having a direction of rotation, a center to which said rotatable shaft is joined, a front surface, a rear surface, and a perimeter, 
 ii. a first impingement-type turbine portion comprising a plurality of chutes disposed between said front and rear surfaces, wherein each chute comprises:
 an impingement surface, 
 a chute inlet, 
 a chute outlet, and 
 a chute channel fluidly connecting said chute inlet and chute outlet, wherein said impingement surface is sloped from the front surface to the rear surface and orthogonally with respect to a radial direction of said disk, and 
 
 iii. a second impingement-type turbine proportion comprising an upstream rotor and a downstream rotor, wherein said upstream rotor comprises a plurality of ducts disposed between said front and rear surfaces, wherein each duct has:
 a duct inlet fluidly connected to one of said chute outlets, 
 a duct outlet disposed at said perimeter, and 
 a channel fluidly connecting one or more of said duct inlets to one of said duct outlets, and 
 
 wherein said downstream rotor portion comprises: an annular rim having a periphery, and a plurality of vanes joined to said rim and disposed along said periphery, wherein said vanes have a primary fluid contact surface and wherein said primary fluid contact surface is in a plane parallel to said axis of rotation and is angled from about 45 to less than 90 degrees from a radial direction from said disk. 
   
     
     
         2 . The turbine of  claim 1  wherein said chutes are disposed in one or more annular patterns around said center. 
     
     
         3 . The turbine of  claim 1  wherein said chutes are disposed in at least two annular patterns around said center. 
     
     
         4 . The turbine of  claim 1  wherein said channel fluidly connects two or more of said duct inlets to one of said duct outlets. 
     
     
         5 . The turbine of  claim 1  wherein said annular rim and said disk are independently rotatable about said shaft. 
     
     
         6 . The turbine of  claim 1  wherein said vanes are angled from about 75 to less than 90 deg. from said radial direction. 
     
     
         7 . The turbine of  claim 1  wherein said vanes are angled from about 80 to about 89 deg. from said radial direction. 
     
     
         8 . The turbine of  claim 1  wherein said chutes, ducts, and vanes are adapted to extract energy from flowing liquid. 
     
     
         9 . The turbine of  claim 1  wherein said chutes, ducts, and vanes are adapted to extract energy from flowing gas. 
     
     
         10 . A windmill comprising a turbine according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         11 . A steam turbine comprising a turbine according to  claim 1 .