Agent for increasing the octane number of a gasoline automobile fuel

Abstract

The invention relates to an agent for increasing the octane number of a gasoline automotive fuel, which agent is a combination of alcohol and a product of reaction between a carbonyl compound and a compound containing at least two hydroxyl groups enabling to form cycles with carbonyl compounds, or is the mixtures of the above mentioned products. In the preferred variant, mono- or oligosaccharides or diatomic, triatomic or polyatomic alcohols are used as the compounds containing at least two hydroxyl groups enabling to form cycles with carbonyl compounds. Pentoses, preferably xylose or arabinose or hexose, substantially glucose, and the mixtures thereof are used as the monosaccharides. Glycols, for example, ethylene glycol are used as diatomic alcohols, glycerin is used as triatomic alcohols and erythritols, for example, pentaerythritol are used as polyatomic alcohols. The compound relating to lower aldehydes or lower ketones, for example, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, methylethylketone, diethylketone or cyclohexane are used as a carbonyl compound. The alcohols are in the form of aliphatic alcohols containing up to five carbon atoms, substantially ethanol. The inventive gasoline automotive fuel means a gasoline or an alcohol-gasoline composition.

1 . An octane-boosting agent for gasoline automotive fuel, which agent represents a combination of an alcohol and the product of reaction of a carbonyl compound with a compound containing at least two hydroxy groups that allow cycles with carbonyl compounds to be formed, or mixtures of said products. 
     
     
         2 . An agent according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the compound containing at least two hydroxy groups that allow cycles with carbonyl compounds to be formed is a saccharide, or dihydric alcohol, or trihydric alcohol, or polyhydric alcohol. 
     
     
         3 . An agent according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the saccharides are monosaccharides and oligosaccharides. 
     
     
         4 . An agent according to  claim 3 , characterized in that the monosaccharides are pentoses, or hexoses and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         5 . An agent according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the dihydric alcohols are glycols. 
     
     
         6 . An agent according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the trihydric alcohols are glycerol. 
     
     
         7 . An agent according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the polyhydric alcohols are erythritols. 
     
     
         8 . An agent according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the carbonyl compound is a compound selected from lower aldehydes or lower ketones. 
     
     
         9 . An agent according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the alcohol is an aliphatic alcohol containing up to five carbon atoms. 
     
     
         10 . An agent according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the gasoline automotive fuel is gasoline. 
     
     
         11 . An agent according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the gasoline automotive fuel is an alcohol/gasoline composition. 
     
     
         12 . An agent according to  claim 4 , wherein said pentose is xylose or arabinose 
     
     
         13 . An agent according to  claim 4 , wherein said hexose is glucose. 
     
     
         14 . An agent according to  claim 5 , wherein said glycol is ethylene glycol. 
     
     
         15 . An agent according to  claim 7 , wherein said erythritol is pentaertythritol. 
     
     
         16 . An agent according to  claim 8 , wherein said lower aldehydes or lower ketones, is selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone. 
     
     
         17 . An agent according to  claim 9 , wherein said alcohol is ethanol.