Kit of tamponing liquids and a method for the treatment of tears and/or detachments of the retina using such liquids

Abstract

A kit of tamponing liquids comprising a first liquid having a density lower than 1.00 g/cm 3 and a second liquid having a density higher than 1.00 g/cm 3 which are immiscible with water and, at body temperature, one miscible with the other, for sequential use in the surgical treatment of tears and/or detachments of the retina, and a method for the treatment of tears and/or detachments of the retina using such liquids comprising the steps of injecting first the first liquid, or, respectively, the second liquid, into the vitreous cavity and maintaining it within the vitreous cavity for a determined period of time, thereafter injecting the second liquid, or respectively, the first liquid, into the vitreous cavity to mix with the other liquid and create with the latter a homogeneous solution having a density that is higher or lower than 1.00 g/cm 3 respectively, if the first injected liquid had a density that was lower or higher than 1.00 g/cm 3 .

1 . A kit of tamponing liquids comprising a first liquid having a density lower than 1.00 g/cm 3  and a second liquid having a density higher than of 1.00 g/cm 3  for combined and sequential use in the treatment of tears and/or detachments of the retina, where
 these liquids are basically immiscible with water; and   at body temperature, one liquid is miscible with the other liquid to create a homogeneous solution.   
     
     
         2 . The kit according to  claim 1 , where the first liquid has a viscosity of between 100 and 100,000 cS (centistokes), measured at 20° C. 
     
     
         3 . The kit according to  claim 1 , where the first liquid has a density measured at 20° C. of between 0.760 and 0.990 g/cm 3 . 
     
     
         4 . The kit according to  claim 1 , where the second liquid has a density measured at 20° C. of between 1.01 and 1.99 g/cm 3 . 
     
     
         5 . The kit according to  claim 1 , where the second liquid has a solubility in the first liquid of at least 5% in weight, or at least 20% in weight. 
     
     
         6 . The kit according to  claim 1 , where the first liquid is a silicone liquid or a mixture of a silicone liquid and a fluorinated liquid, and the second liquid is a fluorinated liquid or a mixture of a silicone liquid and a fluorinated liquid. 
     
     
         7 . The kit according to  claim 6 , where the fluorinated liquid is chosen from fluoroalkyloxy alkanes with the formula (I):
   R F —R 1 —O—R 2    (I)
   
       where:
 R F  is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group, having from 1 to 12, and preferably from 2 to 8, carbon atoms; 
 R 1  is a linear or branched non-fluorinated alkyl group, having from 1 to 6, and preferably from 2 to 4, carbon atoms; 
 R 2  is a linear or branched non-fluorinated alkyl group, having from 1 to 12, and preferably from 2 to 8, carbon atoms, in case containing at least one —O— ether bond along the chain. 
 
     
     
         8 . The kit according to  claim 7 , where the fluoroalkyloxy alkane is chosen from: CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 CH 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 CH 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 CH 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 CH 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3 , e CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 CH 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 CH 3 . 
     
     
         9 . The kit according to  claim 6 , where the fluorinated liquid is chosen from semi-fluorinated alkanes with the formula:
   R F ′R H    (II)
   
       or:
   R F ′R H R F ′  (III)
 
 
       where R F ′ is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group and R H  is a linear or branched saturated alkyl group, where the linear semi-fluorinated alkanes have the formula:
   F(CF 2 ) n (CH 2 ) m H   (IV)
 
 
       or:
   F(CF 2 ) n (CH 2 ) m (CF 2 ) n F   (V)
 
 
       while branched semi-fluorinated alkanes include: —FCX— or —CX 2 — units within the RF groups, where X=C 2 F 5 , C 3 F 7  or C 4 F 9 ; and —HCY— or —CY 2 — units within the R H  groups, where Y=C 2 H 5 , C 3 H 7  or C 4 H 9 , 
       where the total number of carbon atoms in the R F ′ groups is between 1 and 20, and the total number of carbon atoms in the R H  groups is between 3 and 20. 
     
     
         10 . The kit according to  claim 9 , where the semi-fluorinated alkane is chosen from: C 6 F 13 C 8 H 17 , C 4 F 9 C 5 H 11  e C 2 F 5 C 8 H 17 . 
     
     
         11 . The kit according to  claim 6 , where the fluorinated liquid is chosen from partially fluorinated ethers with the formula:
   Rf(CH 2 ) n O(CH 2 ) n Rf   (VI)
   
       where Rf is a fluorinated, saturated, monovalent group C1-C4, and n is 3 or 4. Rf is preferably a polyfluoroalkyl group C1-C4 or a perfluoroalkyl group C1-C4. 
     
     
         12 . The kit according to  claim 11 , where the partially fluorinated ether with formula (VI) is decafluoro-di-n-pentyl ether C 2 F 5 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C 2 F 5 . 
     
     
         13 . The kit according to  claim 6 , where the fluorinated liquid is a hydrogenated fluorinated olefin with the formula C 8 F 17 —CH 2 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH(CH 3 ) 2 . 
     
     
         14 . The kit according to  claim 1 , where at least one of the liquids, preferably the first liquid, is integrated with at least one anti-proliferation agent. 
     
     
         15 . The kit according to  claim 1 , where the said homogeneous solution is limpid and at body temperature. 
     
     
         16 . A method for the treatment of tears and/or detachments of the retina by means of a combined and sequential use of a first liquid having a density lower than 1.00 g/cm 3  and a second liquid having a density higher than of 1.00 g/cm 3 , wherein:
 these liquids are substantially immiscible with water and, at body temperature, one liquid is miscible with the other liquid;   the method comprising the steps of:   removing vitreous humour;   injecting first the first liquid, or, respectively, the second liquid, into the vitreous cavity and maintaining it within the vitreous cavity for a determined period of time,   thereafter injecting the second liquid, or respectively, the first liquid, into the vitreous cavity to mix with the other liquid and create with the latter a homogeneous solution having a density that is higher or lower than 1.00 g/cm 3  respectively, if the first injected liquid had a density that was lower or higher than 1.00 g/cm 3 .   
     
     
         17 . The method according to  claim 16 , where the first liquid has a viscosity of between 100 and 100,000 cS (centistokes), measured at 20° C. 
     
     
         18 . The method according to  claim 16 , where the first liquid has a density measured at 20° C. of between 0.760 and 0.990 g/cm 3 . 
     
     
         19 . The method according to  claim 16 , where the second liquid has a density measured at 20° C. of between 1.01 and 1.99 g/cm 3 . 
     
     
         20 . The method according to  claim 16 , where the second liquid has a solubility in the first liquid of at least 5% in weight, or at least 20% in weight. 
     
     
         21 . The method according to  claim 16 , where the first liquid is a silicone liquid or a mixture of a silicone liquid and a fluorinated liquid, and the second liquid is a fluorinated liquid or a mixture of a silicone liquid and a fluorinated liquid. 
     
     
         22 . The method according to  claim 21 , where the fluorinated liquid is chosen from fluoroalkyloxy alkanes with the formula (I):
   R F -R 1 —O—R 2    (I)
   
       where:
 R F ′ is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group, having from 1 to 12, and preferably from 2 to 8, carbon atoms; 
 R 1  is a linear or branched non-fluorinated alkyl group, having from 1 to 6, and preferably from 2 to 4, carbon atoms; 
 R 2  is a linear or branched non-fluorinated alkyl group, having from 1 to 12, and preferably from 2 to 8, carbon atoms, in case containing at least one —O— ether bond along the chain. 
 
     
     
         23 . The method according to  claim 22 , where the fluoroalkyloxy alkane is chosen from: CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 CH 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 CH 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 CH 3 , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 CH 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3 , e CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 CH 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 CH 3 . 
     
     
         24 . The method according to  claim 21 , where the fluorinated liquid is chosen from semi-fluorinated alkanes with the formula:
   R F ′R H    (II)
   
       or:
   R F ′R H R F   F ′  (III)
 
 
       where R F ′ is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group and R H  is a linear or branched saturated alkyl group, where the linear semi-fluorinated alkanes have the formula:
   F(CF 2 ) n (CH 2 ) m H   (IV)
 
 
       or:
   F(CF 2 ) n (CH 2 ) m (CF 2 ) n F   (V)
 
 
       while branched semi-fluorinated alkanes include: —FCX— or —CX 2 — units within the R F ′ groups, where X=C 2 F 5 , C 3 F 7  or C 4 F 9 ; and —HCY— or —CY 2 — units within the R H  groups, where Y=C 2 H 5 , C 3 H 7  or C 4 H 9 , 
       where the total number of carbon atoms in the RF groups is between 1 and 20, and the total number of carbon atoms in the R H  groups is between 3 and 20. 
     
     
         25 . The method according to  claim 24 , where the semi-fluorinated alkane is chosen from: C 6 F 13 C 8 H 17 , C 4 F 9 C 5 H 11  e C 2 F 5 C 5 H 17 . 
     
     
         26 . The method according to  claim 21 , where the fluorinated liquid is chosen from partially fluorinated ethers with the formula:
   Rf(CH 2 ) n O(CH 2 ) n Rf   (VI)
   
       where Rf is a fluorinated, saturated, monovalent group C1-C4, and n is 3 or 4. Rf is preferably a polyfluoroalkyl group C1-C4 or a perfluoroalkyl group C1-C4. 
     
     
         27 . The method according to  claim 26 , where the partially fluorinated ether with formula (VI) is decafluoro-di-n-pentyl ether C 2 F 5 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C 2 F 5 . 
     
     
         28 . The method according to  claim 21 , where the fluorinated liquid is a hydrogenated fluorinated olefin with the formula C 8 F 17 —CH 2 —CH═CH—CH 2 —CH(CH 3 ) 2 . 
     
     
         29 . The method according to  claim 16 , where the ratio by weight between the first liquid and the second liquid is between 99:1 and 1:99, or 90:1 and 60:40. 
     
     
         30 . The method according to  claim 16 , where at least one of the liquids, preferably the first liquid, is integrated with at least one anti-proliferation agent. 
     
     
         31 . The method according to  claim 16 , where the said homogeneous solution gives rise to a single bubble. 
     
     
         32 . The method according to  claim 16 , where the said homogeneous solution is limpid and at body temperature. 
     
     
         33 . The method according to  claim 16 , where the first liquid is a silicone liquid and is injected first and the second liquid is a fluorinated liquid and is injected second.