Fossil Fuel Combustion Thermal Power System Including Carbon Dioxide Separation and Capture Unit

Abstract

A fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit comprising a fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a boiler for burning fossil fuel and generating steam and a steam turbine including a high-pressure turbine driven by the steam generated by the boiler for generating power, and a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit.

1 . A fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit comprising:
 a fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a boiler for burning fossil fuel and generating steam and a steam turbine including a high-pressure turbine driven by the steam generated by the boiler for generating power, and   a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit including an absorption tower for absorbing and capturing carbon dioxide included in the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler by burning fossil fuel in the boiler of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system and a reproduction tower of an absorbing solution for separating carbon dioxide from the absorbing solution absorbing carbon dioxide by circulating the absorbing solution between the reproduction tower and the absorption tower,   the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit further comprising:   a back-pressure turbine driven by extraction steam extracted from the high-pressure turbine of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system through an extraction pipe;   a reboiler for supplying heating steam to the reproduction tower of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit;   a steam pipe for supplying steam flowing down through the back-pressure turbine of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system to the reboiler as a heat source;   an emergency relief pipe interconnected to the extraction pipe for supplying the extraction steam extracted from the high-pressure turbine of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system to the back-pressure turbine for permitting the extraction steam flowing down through the extraction pipe to bypass the back-pressure turbine and flow down to a condenser; and   an emergency relief valve installed on the emergency relief pipe for controlling flow of the extraction steam through the emergency relief pipe.   
     
     
         2 . A fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit comprising:
 a fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a boiler for burning fossil fuel and generating steam and a steam turbine including a high-pressure turbine and a intermediate-pressure turbine driven by the steam generated by the boiler for generating power, and   a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit including an absorption tower for absorbing and capturing carbon dioxide included in the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler by burning fossil fuel in the boiler of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system and a reproduction tower of an absorbing solution for separating carbon dioxide from the absorbing solution absorbing carbon dioxide by circulating the absorbing solution between the reproduction tower and the absorption tower,   the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit further comprising:   a reheat steam extraction pipe branching from a high-temperature reheat steam pipe for supplying reheat steam reheated by the boiler to the intermediate-pressure turbine from the boiler of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system;   a temperature lowering unit for lowering a temperature of the reheat steam extracted through the reheat steam extraction pipe;   a back-pressure turbine driven by the reheat steam lowered in temperature by the temperature lowering unit;   a reboiler for supplying heating steam to the reproduction tower of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit;   a steam pipe for supplying the steam flowing down through the back-pressure turbine of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system to the reboiler as a heat source;   a second emergency relief pipe interconnected to the reheat steam extraction pipe for supplying the reheat steam extracted through the reheat steam extraction pipe of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system to the back-pressure turbine for permitting the reheat steam flowing down through the reheat steam extraction pipe to bypass the back-pressure turbine and flow down to a condenser; and   a second emergency relief valve installed in the second emergency relief pipe for controlling flow of the reheat steam through the second emergency relief pipe.   
     
     
         3 . A fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit comprising:
 a fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a boiler for burning fossil fuel and generating steam and a steam turbine including a high-pressure turbine and a intermediate-pressure turbine driven by the steam generated by the boiler for generating power, and   a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit including an absorption tower for absorbing and capturing carbon dioxide included in the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler by burning fossil fuel in the boiler of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system and a reproduction tower of an absorbing solution for separating carbon dioxide from the absorbing solution absorbing carbon dioxide by circulating the absorbing solution between the reproduction tower and the absorption tower,   the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit further comprising:   a back-pressure turbine driven by the extraction steam extracted from the high-pressure turbine of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system through a first extraction pipe;   a second steam extraction pipe for branching a part of the exhaust steam of the intermediate-pressure turbine supplied from the intermediate-pressure turbine of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system to a low-pressure turbine;   a first steam pipe for supplying the extraction steam extracted through the second steam extraction pipe to the back-pressure turbine;   a reboiler for supplying heating steam to the reproduction tower of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit;   a second steam pipe for supplying the steam flowing down through the back-pressure turbine of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system to the reboiler as a heat source;   a first emergency relief pipe interconnected to the first extraction pipe for supplying the extraction steam extracted from the high-pressure turbine of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system to the back-pressure turbine for permitting the extraction steam flowing down through the first extraction pipe to bypass the back-pressure turbine and flow down to a condenser;   a first emergency relief valve installed in the first emergency relief pipe for controlling flow of the extraction steam through the first emergency relief pipe;   a third emergency relief pipe interconnected to the first steam pipe for supplying the extraction steam extracted through the second steam extraction pipe of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system to the back-pressure turbine for permitting the extraction steam flowing down through the first steam pipe to bypass the back-pressure turbine and flow down to a condenser, and   a third emergency relief valve installed in the third emergency relief pip for controlling flow of the reheat steam through the third emergency relief pipe.   
     
     
         4 . The fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit according to  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a control unit for outputting an instruction signal for controlling the opening and closing of the emergency relief valve on the basis of a trip signal of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit at the time of an urgent stop of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit and controlling the extraction steam extracted through the extraction pipe of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system so as to pass through the emergency relief pipe, bypass the back-pressure turbine, and flow down to the condenser.   
     
     
         5 . The fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit according to  claim 2 , further comprising:
 a control unit for outputting an instruction signal for controlling the opening and closing of the second emergency relief valve on the basis of a trip signal of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit at the time of an urgent stop of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit and controlling the reheat steam flowing down through the reheat steam extraction pipe of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system so as to pass through the second emergency relief pipe, bypass the back-pressure turbine, and flow down to the condenser.   
     
     
         6 . The fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit according to  claim 3 , further comprising:
 a control unit, in a partial load operation of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system, for outputting an instruction signal for controlling the opening and closing of the first emergency relief valve on the basis of a trip signal of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit at the time of an urgent stop of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit and controlling the extraction steam extracted through the first extraction pipe of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system so as to pass through the first emergency relief pipe, bypass the back-pressure turbine, and flow down to the condenser, and   in a total partial load operation of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system, for outputting an instruction signal for controlling the opening and closing of the third emergency relief valve and controlling the extraction steam extracted through the second extraction pipe of the fossil fuel combustion thermal power system so as to pass through the third emergency relief pipe, bypass the back-pressure turbine, and flow down to the condenser.   
     
     
         7 . The fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit according to  claim 4 , wherein:
 the trip signal of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit is a trip signal of a transfer pump for transferring the absorbing solution between the absorption tower and the reproduction tower of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit.   
     
     
         8 . The fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit according to  claim 5 , wherein:
 the trip signal of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit is a trip signal of a transfer pump for transferring the absorbing solution between the absorption tower and the reproduction tower of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit.   
     
     
         9 . The fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit according to  claim 6 , wherein:
 the trip signal of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit is a trip signal of a transfer pump for transferring the absorbing solution between the absorption tower and the reproduction tower of the carbon dioxide separation and capture unit.   
     
     
         10 . The fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit according to  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a low-pressure turbine driven by extraction steam sent from the high-pressure turbine to the back-pressure turbine through the extraction pipe, and   a flow path switching valve for switching a supply destination of the extraction steam sent from the high-pressure turbine to the back-pressure turbine through the extraction pipe from the back-pressure turbine to the low-pressure turbine.   
     
     
         11 . The fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit according to  claim 2 , further comprising:
 a low-pressure turbine driven by extraction steam sent from the high-pressure turbine to the back-pressure turbine through the extraction pipe, and   a flow path switching valve for switching a supply destination of the extraction steam sent from the high-pressure turbine to the back-pressure turbine through the extraction pipe from the back-pressure turbine to the low-pressure turbine.   
     
     
         12 . The fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit according to  claim 3 , further comprising:
 a low-pressure turbine driven by extraction steam sent from the high-pressure turbine to the back-pressure turbine through the extraction pipe, and   a flow path switching valve for switching a supply destination of the extraction steam sent from the high-pressure turbine to the back-pressure turbine through the extraction pipe from the back-pressure turbine to the low-pressure turbine.   
     
     
         13 . The fossil fuel combustion thermal power system including a carbon dioxide separation and capture unit according to  claim 3 , further comprising:
 a low-pressure turbine driven by extraction steam sent from the intermediate-pressure turbine to the back-pressure turbine, and   a flow path switching valve for switching a supply destination of the extraction steam sent from the intermediate-pressure turbine to the back-pressure turbine from the back-pressure turbine to the low-pressure turbine.