Vertical axis turbine foils

Abstract

Geometries of foil shapes that act particularly well to increase the power output of adjacent vertical axis turbines are presented.

1 . A vertical axis turbine, comprising:
 a. a functionally adjacent, externally convex FDD upstream from the turbine and not interposing between the fluid flow and the blades and attached to said turbine.   
     
     
         2 . The turbine of  claim 1 , wherein the FDD is inferior (as per the orientation to the base of the turbine, no matter what direction the turbine faces, base defined as the point of connection to the energy output) to the turbine's blades. 
     
     
         3 . The turbine of  claim 1 , wherein the FDD is superior to the turbine's blades. 
     
     
         4 . The turbine of  claim 1 , wherein the FDD is inferior and superior to the turbine's blades. 
     
     
         5 . The turbine of  claim 1 , wherein the FDD is not connected to the body of the turbine. 
     
     
         6 . The turbine of  claim 1 , wherein the FDD forms a ring around the shaft. 
     
     
         7 . The turbine of  claim 1 , wherein the turbine is in a liquid. 
     
     
         8 . An externally convex FDD, not interposing between the fluid flow and the blades and attached to a turbine, comprising:
 a. an intermediate partial outline foil shape, wherein the foil is adjacent to the turbine blades by a distance of less than 10% of the foil's outer diameter.   b. a substantially vertical flange at the end of the foil shape on one side.   
     
     
         9 . The FDD of  claim 8 , further comprising:
 c. a substantially vertical flange at the end of the foil shape on the second side,   
     
     
         10 . The FDD of  claim 8 , wherein the FDD is functionally adjacent to a vertical axis turbine. 
     
     
         11 . The FDD of  claim 9 , wherein the FDD is functionally adjacent to a vertical axis turbine. 
     
     
         12 . The FDD of  claim 8 , wherein the intermediate shape is a “C”. 
     
     
         13 . A vertical axis turbine, comprising:
 a) proportional parameters of Db 1.96 meters, and Hb 1.5-3 meters within a 10% margin of their values.   b) at least one functionally adjacent externally convex FDD, not interposing between the fluid flow and the blades and attached to said turbine, in a vertical orientation.   
     
     
         14 . The turbine of  claim 13 , further comprising additional parameters of the FDD according to cases in the following table, with a margin of error of 10% of the value of chord length, Din, or angle of attack, in any proportional size, or of the H 1  or H 2  parameters by a margin of 10% of the chord of the foil in any proportional size, for any one, two, three, four, or five of the parameters in the columns below: 
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                     
                 
                     
                   Case 
                   c (m) 
                   D in  (m) 
                   α (°) 
                   H 1  (cm) 
                   H 2  (cm) 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                     
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   1 
                   0.375 
                   1.73 
                   26 
                   7 
                   11 
                 
                     
                   2 
                   0.5 
                   1.50 
                   26 
                   7 
                   11 
                 
                     
                   3 
                   0.625 
                   1.28 
                   26 
                   7 
                   11 
                 
                     
                   4 
                   0.75 
                   1.05 
                   26 
                   7 
                   11 
                 
                     
                   6 
                   0.5 
                   1.50 
                   26 
                   14 
                   11 
                 
                     
                   7 
                   0.5 
                   1.50 
                   26 
                   21 
                   11 
                 
                     
                   8 
                   0.5 
                   1.50 
                   26 
                   7 
                   22 
                 
                     
                   9 
                   0.5 
                   1.50 
                   26 
                   14 
                   22 
                 
                     
                   10 
                   0.5 
                   1.36 
                   40 
                   7 
                   11 
                 
                     
                   11 
                   0.5 
                   1.44 
                   33 
                   7 
                   11 
                 
                     
                   12 
                   0.5 
                   1.55 
                   20 
                   7 
                   11 
                 
                     
                   13 
                   0.5 
                   1.58 
                   14 
                   7 
                   11 
                 
                     
                   14 
                   0.5 
                   1.55 
                   20 
                   7 
                   22 
                 
                     
                   16 
                   0.5 
                   1.55 
                   20 
                   0 
                   0 
                 
                     
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
               
               
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         15 . A vertical axis turbine, comprising: an inferior or superior externally convex FDD, not interposing between the fluid flow and the blades and attached to said turbine, with the proportion of a Din of 1.0-1.8 meters or greater in relation to a chord length of .4 to .9 meters, with an angle of attack of 5 degrees or greater. 
     
     
         16 . A vertical axis turbine with an inferior or superior externally convex FDD, not interposing between the fluid flow and the blades and attached to said turbine, comprising: the proportion of Din/Dout of 1.0-1.8 meters to 2.30-2.60 meters. 
     
     
         17 . A vertical axis turbine, comprising an FDD, wherein fluid vortices as determined by fluid dynamic analysis and/or testing are not present from passage of fluid without blades in the internal diameter of the FDD from the bottom to the top of the FDD. 
     
     
         18 . A method of apposing an FDD to the blades of a vertical axis turbine, wherein the internal area of the FDD produces only non-vortical flow.