Concentric layer electric double layer capacitor cylinder, system, and method of use

Abstract

This invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor electrochemical cylinder ( 11 ) made up of concentric layers of capacitors ( 16 ), current collectors ( 14 a, 14 b, 14 c ), ion specific membranes ( 18, 18 a, 18 b ) and dielectric spacer ( 20 ) wrapped around an inner support tube ( 12 ) that can be used as a high capacitance capacitor and to remove dissolved solids from a liquid stream such as water, acid, aqueous or non-aqueous.

1 . A concentric layer electric double layer capacitor cylinder for use in deionizing aqueous streams, comprising:
 a. a plurality of concentrically opposed capacitor pairs of predetermined diameter and length,   b. a dielectric spacer interposed between one of said capacitors in pairs and its adjacent capacitor with similar predetermined length and position,   c. a means of containing said capacitors and spacers,   d. a means of introducing an electrical charge to said capacitor pairs, and   e. a means of introducing and removing a liquid to said dielectric spacer whereby said liquid can be deionized by said cylinder.   
     
     
         2 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 1  wherein said capacitor pairs are made of activated carbon, carbon black, and polytetrafluoroethylene. 
     
     
         3 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 1  wherein one ion specific membrane is interposed between said capacitor and said dielectric spacer. 
     
     
         4 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 1  wherein the capacitor and ion specific membrane are integrated. 
     
     
         5 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 1  wherein said capacitor and said means of introducing electrical charge are integrated. 
     
     
         6 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 1  wherein said capacitor, said means of introducing electrical charge, and said ion specific membrane are integrated. 
     
     
         7 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 1  wherein said means of introducing electrical charge is the casing of the cylinder. 
     
     
         8 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 1  wherein means of introducing an electrical charge to said capacitor pairs is comprised of titanium sheet. 
     
     
         9 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 1  wherein the means of containing said capacitors and spacers is an inner support tube and outer casing or seal. 
     
     
         10 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 1  wherein said capacitor pairs are less than 0.050″ thick. 
     
     
         11 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 1  wherein said capacitor pairs are comprised of agents that impart larger capacitance per unit volume than activated carbon. 
     
     
         12 . A method for deionizing water containing ionic components comprising:
 a. A concentric layer electric double layer capacitor cylinder   b. A power supply   c. And a means for controlling system   
     
     
         13 . A capacitive deionization system comprising:
 a. A concentric layer electric double layer capacitor cylinder   b. A power supply   c. And a means for controlling system   d. Fluid for processing   
     
     
         14 . A concentric layer electric double layer capacitor cylinder for storing electrical energy, comprising:
 a. a plurality of concentrically opposed capacitor pairs,   b. a dielectric spacer interposed between one of said capacitor in pairs and its adjacent   capacitor,   c. a means of containing said capacitors and spacers whereby said cylinder can store electrical energy, and   d. a means of introducing electrical charge to said capacitor pairs.   
     
     
         15 . The electrical double layer capacitor of  claim 14  wherein said capacitor pairs are made of activated carbon, carbon black, and polytetrafluoroethylene. 
     
     
         16 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 14  wherein means of introducing an electrical charge to said capacitor pairs is comprised of titanium sheet. 
     
     
         17 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 14  wherein the means of containing said capacitors and spacers is an inner support tube and outer casing or seal. 
     
     
         18 . The electrical double layer capacitor cylinder of  claim 14  wherein said capacitor pairs are less than 0.050″ thick. 
     
     
         19 . A method for storing energy comprising:
 a. A concentric layer electric double layer capacitor cylinder   b. a means for controlling system