Fuel additive compositions and methods for making the same and emulsion fuel comprising the fuel additive compositions

Abstract

The present invention provides a fuel additive composition. The present invention further provides an emulsion fuel comprising the fuel additive composition. The present invention also provides a process for processing vegetable oil to obtain glycerin, fatty alcohol and biodiesel.

1 . A fuel additive composition, comprising:
 glycerin in an amount of 40-80% of the composition;   fatty alcohol in an amount of 5-15% of the composition;   diesel in an amount of 5-15% of the composition;   water in an amount of 5-15% of the composition; and   a dilutant in an amount of 20-40% of the composition;   whereby all components are admixed together to form the fuel additive composition.   
     
     
         2 . The fuel additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the glycerin has over 85% purity, and preferably 60-80% of the composition, and further preferably 70-80% of the composition. 
     
     
         3 . The fuel additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the fatty alcohol is selected from ethanol, or long chain alcohols with 10, 12 or 14 carbons. 
     
     
         4 . The fuel additive composition of  claim 3 , wherein the fatty alcohol is preferably about 8-12% of the composition. 
     
     
         5 . The fuel additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the diesel is fossil diesel, biodiesel or combination, and; preferably 5-10% of the composition. 
     
     
         6 . The fuel additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the water has a pH value between 6.8 to 7.2, and is preferably 8-10% of the composition. 
     
     
         7 . The fuel additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the dilutant is sobitol, and preferably 25-35% of the composition. 
     
     
         8 . The fuel additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition optionally comprises 5-15% of fossil diesel, xylene or toluene or in combination. 
     
     
         9 . The fuel additive composition of  claim 1 , wherein the glycerin is manufactured by the process comprising:
 providing a suitable vegetable oil for processing;   adding alcohol and catalyst into the vegetable oil to form a mixture;   heating the mixture to a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time period;   separating the heated mixture into two fractions: fraction A and fraction B; and   neutralizing the fraction B with an inorganic or organic acid substance to have a neutral pH value, and then heating the fraction B to a predetermined temperature, and then distilling to get the glycerin.   
     
     
         10 . An emulsion fuel, comprising:
 fossil diesel in an amount of 60-80% of the emulsion fuel;   water in an amount of 10-25% of the emulsion fuel; and   fuel additive composition in an amount of 10-25% of the emulsion fuel;   wherein the fuel additive composition comprises:
 glycerin in an amount of 40-80% of the composition; 
 fatty alcohol in an amount of 5-15% of the composition; 
 diesel in an amount of 5-15% of the composition; 
 water in an amount of 5-15% of the composition; and 
 a dilutant in an amount of 20-40% of the composition; 
   whereby all components are admixed together to form the emulsion fuel.   
     
     
         11 . The emulsion fuel of  claim 10 , wherein the glycerin has over 85% purity, and preferably 60-80% of the composition, and further preferably 70-80% of the composition. 
     
     
         12 . The emulsion fuel of  claim 10 , wherein the fatty alcohol is selected from ethanol, or long chain alcohols with 10, 12 or 14 carbons. 
     
     
         13 . The emulsion fuel of  claim 12 , wherein the fatty alcohol is preferably about 8-12% of the composition. 
     
     
         14 . The emulsion fuel of  claim 10 , wherein the diesel is fossil diesel, biodiesel or combination, and; preferably 5-10% of the composition. 
     
     
         15 . The emulsion fuel of  claim 10 , wherein the water has a pH value between 6.8 to 7.2, and is preferably 8-10% of the composition. 
     
     
         16 . The emulsion fuel of  claim 10 , wherein the dilutant is sobitol, and preferably 25-35% of the composition. 
     
     
         17 . The emulsion fuel of  claim 10 , wherein the composition optionally comprises 5-15% of fossil diesel, xylene or toluene or in combination. 
     
     
         18 . The emulsion fuel of  claim 10 , wherein the glycerin is manufactured by the process comprising:
 providing a suitable vegetable oil for processing;   adding alcohol and catalyst into the vegetable oil to form a mixture;   heating the mixture to a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time period;   separating the heated mixture into two fractions: fraction A and fraction B; and   neutralizing the fraction B with an inorganic or organic acid substance to have a neutral pH value, and then heating the fraction B to a predetermined temperature, and then distilling to get the glycerin.   
     
     
         19 . The emulsion fuel of  claim 10 , wherein the fossil diesel is preferably about 65-75%; water is preferably about 12-18%; and fuel bio-additive composition is preferably 12-18%. 
     
     
         20 . A process for processing vegetable oil to obtain glycerin, fatty alcohol and biodiesel, comprising:
 providing a suitable vegetable oil for processing;   adding alcohol and catalyst into the vegetable oil to form a mixture;   heating the mixture to a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time period;   separating the heated mixture into two fractions: fraction A and fraction B;   neutralizing the fraction A with an inorganic or organic acid substance to have a neutral pH value, and initially distilling at a low temperature to produce fatty alcohol, and further distilling at a high temperature to produce ester (biodiesel); whereby the biodiesel is suitable for being used directly as fuel for internal combustion engines; and   neutralizing the fraction B with an inorganic or organic acid substance to have a neutral pH value, and then heating the fraction B to a predetermined temperature, and then distilling to get glycerin.   
     
     
         21 . The process of  claim 20 , wherein the vegetable oil has a content of free fatty acid less than 2.5%; preferably less 1.0%; more preferably less 0.5%. 
     
     
         22 . The process of  claim 20 , wherein the alcohol is methanol, ethanol or long chain alcohols with 10, 12 or 14 carbons, and the catalyst is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide. 
     
     
         23 . The process of  claim 20 , wherein the alcohol and catalyst are preferably in equal molar ratio; and the ratio of the vegetable oil and the alcohol/catalyst is preferably 4-6 to 1, more preferably 5 to 1. 
     
     
         24 . The process of  claim 20 , wherein the vegetable oil is palm oil; the temperature is about 70-80° C.; and the heating duration is about 20-30 minutes. 
     
     
         25 . The process of  claim 20 , wherein the inorganic acid is phosphoric acid, and the organic acid is citrus acid.