Method and Installation for the Production of Pellets from Biomass in a Pelletizing Press for Use as Fuel in Furnaces

Abstract

A method and installation for production of pellets from processed biomass in a pelletizing press for use as fuel in furnaces, in which the biomass includes cellulose- and/or lignocelluloses-containing fibers, shavings or chips with or without a binder and/or additives and the biomass after processing is fed with a metering device to a pelletizing press. The biomass is separated with a breaker device right before the pelletizing press. Biomass is introduced to a metering device, which includes a spreading device and an endless shaping belt lying beneath it in the direction of fall, in which a mat with an essentially uniform weight per unit area is formed in the metering device on the shaping belt and the metering device feeds the mat to a breaker device in front of the pelletizing press, in which the biomass is separated by the breaker device.

1 . A method for producing pellets from processed biomass in a pelletizing press for use as fuel in furnaces, comprising the steps of:
 processing the biomass, wherein the biomass includes cellulose- and/or lignocelluloses-containing fibers, shavings, or chips;   feeding the biomass to the pelletizing press with a metering device; and   separating the biomass with a breaker device directly before feeding the biomass to the pelletizing press.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 introducing the biomass to the metering device, wherein the metering device includes a spreading device and an endless shaping belt positioned below the spreading device and in a direction in which the biomass falls;   forming a mat having an essentially uniform weight per area; and   feeding the mat to the breaker device positioned in front of the pelletizing press.   
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising dividing the biomass over a specified surface using the breaker device. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the breaker device includes at least one spoked roll. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising dividing the biomass, during discharge of the biomass from the metering device, using a milling roll included in the breaker device. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 2 , further comprising:
 checking the mat with an examination device for defective sites; and   transferring the defective sites of the mat in sections to an ejection shaft upon recognizing the defective sites in the mat,   wherein the examination device includes a radiation device.   
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising screening the biomass during processing to a mesh width size above 0.3 mm. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising traversing the biomass in the metering device with steam using a steam treatment device. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 2 , further comprising compacting the mat in the metering device. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising using as the pelletizing press an extruder press, a two-roll press, or an annular die having at least one pan-grinder roller arranged on an inside or an outside of the annular die. 
     
     
         11 . An installation for production of pellets from processed biomass for use as fuel in furnaces, in which the biomass includes cellulose- and/or lignocelluloses-containing fibers, shavings, or chips, the installation comprising:
 a pelletizing press;   a metering device arranged for the pelletizing press; and   a breaker device arranged in front of the pelletizing press in a direction of production, wherein the breaker device is configured to separate the biomass.   
     
     
         12 . The installation of  claim 11 , wherein a metering device includes a spreading device configured to form a mat having an essentially uniform weight per unit area;
 the installation further comprising an endless shaping belt positioned below the spreading device in a direction in which the biomass falls.   
     
     
         13 . The installation of  claim 11 , wherein the breaker device includes at least one spoke roll positioned in a direction in which the biomass falls located after the biomass emerges from the metering device. 
     
     
         14 . The installation of  claim 11 , wherein the breaker device includes a milling roll arranged at an output of the metering device. 
     
     
         15 . The installation of  claim 11 , further comprising an examination device arranged in the metering device to check the biomass, wherein the examination device includes a radiation device. 
     
     
         16 . The installation of  claim 11 , further comprising a steam treatment device included in the metering device and configured to pass steam through the biomass. 
     
     
         17 . The installation of  claim 11 , further comprising a metering screw or a preliminary press included in the metering device and configured to compact the biomass. 
     
     
         18 . The installation of  claim 11 , wherein the pelletizing press includes:
 an extruder press, a two-roll press, or an annular die having at least one pan-grinder roller arranged on an inside or an outside of the annular die.