Multi-purpose adhesives and methods of making and using thereof

Abstract

Described herein are adhesives that exhibit good cohesive and tack properties. In certain aspects, the adhesives can be applied to substrates using a low- or medium-pressure delivery system. The adhesives can be readily applied to any substrate such as, for example, a floor, wall, ceiling, countertop, and the like. The adhesives are particularly effective in adhering heavy materials such as, for example ceramic tiles and wall panels to walls.

1 . An adhesive composition comprising a mixture of:
 (a) a first polymer comprising a glass transition temperature greater than 15° C.;   (b) a second polymer comprising a glass transition temperature less than 0° C.; and   (c) a plasticizer.   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the first polymer comprises a glass transition temperature from 15° C. to 25° C. 
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the first polymer comprises an acrylic based polymer. 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the first polymer comprises a styrene acrylic latex polymer. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the first polymer is from 30% to 90% by weight of the composition. 
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the second polymer comprises an acrylic based polymer. 
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the second polymer comprises two acrylic based polymers. 
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the second polymer comprises a glass transition temperature of from −10° C. to −65° C. 
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the second polymer comprises a glass transition temperature of from −30° C. to −65° C. 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the second polymer comprises an acrylic/vinyl acetate co-polymer, a carboxylated acrylic polymer, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the second polymer is from 5% to 70% by weight of the composition. 
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the second polymer comprises two polymers, wherein the first second polymer has a glass transition temperature from −30° C. to −40° C., and the other second polymer has a glass transition less than −40° C. 
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the second polymer comprises two polymers, wherein the first second polymer has a glass transition temperature from −30° C. to −40° C., and the other second polymer has a glass transition temperature from −40° C. to −65° C. 
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claims 12 , wherein the second polymers comprise an acrylic based polymer. 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer comprises a rosin ester, a benzoate ester, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer is from 0.2% to 15% by weight of the composition. 
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises a stabilizer, a defoamer, a filler, a biocide, a fungicide, a preservative, a hydrocarbon or mineral oil, or any combination thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition is substantially free of a volatile organic compound. 
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the first polymer comprises a styrene acrylic latex polymer, the second polymer comprises (1) an acrylic/vinyl acetate co-polymer and (2) a carboxylated acrylic polymer, and the plasticizer comprises a rosin ester. 
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 19 , wherein the first polymer is from 39 to 41% by weight of the adhesive, the acrylic/vinyl acetate co-polymer is from 45 to 47% by weight of the adhesive, the carboxylated acrylic polymer is from 11 to 13% by weight of the adhesive, and the plasticizer is from 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of the adhesive. 
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the first polymer comprises a styrene acrylic latex polymer, the second polymer comprises an acrylic latex, and the plasticizer comprises a rosin ester, a benzoate ester, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         22 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the first polymer is from 70 to 80% by weight of the adhesive, the second polymer is from 5 to 15% by weight of the adhesive, and the plasticizer is from 5 to 15% by weight of the adhesive. 
     
     
         23 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the adhesive composition comprises a first polymer comprising a styrene acrylic latex polymer in the amount from 29 to 31% by weight of the adhesive, a second polymer comprising (1) an acrylic/vinyl acetate co-polymer in the amount from 53 to 56% by weight of the adhesive and (2) a carboxylated acrylic polymer in the amount from 4 to 6% by weight of the adhesive, and a plasticizer comprising a benzoate ester in the amount from 8% to 12% by weight of the adhesive. 
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the second polymer comprises three polymers, wherein two of the second polymers have a glass transition temperature from −30° C. to −40° C., and the third second polymer has a glass transition temperature from −40° C. to −65° C. 
     
     
         25 . An adhesive composition comprising a mixture of:
 (a) a third polymer comprising a glass transition temperature −30° C. to −40° C.; and   (b) a fourth polymer comprising a glass transition temperature less than −40° C.   
     
     
         26 . The composition of  claim 25 , wherein the third polymer comprises an acrylic/vinyl acetate copolymer in the amount of 40% to 60% by weight of the adhesive. 
     
     
         27 . The composition of  claims 25 , wherein the fourth polymer comprises a glass transition temperature from −55° C. to −65° C. 
     
     
         28 . The composition in any of  claims 25 , wherein the fourth polymer comprises an acrylonitrile/acrylic copolymer in the amount of 40% to 60% by weight of the adhesive. 
     
     
         29 . A composition comprising a propellant and the adhesive of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         30 . A composition comprising a propellant and the adhesive of  claim 25 . 
     
     
         31 . The composition of  claim 29 , wherein the propellant comprises a fluorocarbon, an inert gas, a hydrocarbon gas, a hydrofluoroalkane or hydrofluoroalkene, a volatile organic compound, or any combination thereof. 
     
     
         32 . The composition of  claim 29 , wherein the propellant is 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane. 
     
     
         33 . The composition of  claim 29 , wherein the propellant comprises an inert gas. 
     
     
         34 . The composition of  claim 29 , wherein the propellant comprises a blend of two or more propellants. 
     
     
         35 . The composition of  claim 29 , wherein the propellant is a single propellant. 
     
     
         36 . The composition of  claim 29 , wherein the composition is from 10 to 90% by weight of adhesive and from 10 to 90% by weight propellant. 
     
     
         37 . The composition of  claim 29 , wherein the composition is from 60 to 90% by weight of adhesive and from 10 to 40% by weight propellant. 
     
     
         38 . The composition of  claim 29 , wherein the composition is from about 75 to 85% by weight adhesive and from about 15 to 25% by weight propellant. 
     
     
         39 . A method for making an adhesive, comprising
 a. heating a plasticizer for a sufficient time and temperature to decrease the viscosity;   b. admixing the plasticizer with a first polymer comprising a glass transition temperature greater than 15° C. to produce a first admixture; and   c. admixing a second polymer comprising a glass transition temperature less than 0° C. to produce the adhesive.   
     
     
         40 . An adhesive produced by the method of  claim 39 . 
     
     
         41 . A method for adhering an article to a substrate, comprising (a) applying the adhesive of  claim 1  to the surface of the substrate to produce a coated substrate and (b) applying the article to coated substrate. 
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein the article comprises carpet, carpet padding, athletic surfaces, vinyl composite tile (VCT), vinyl tile, wall tile, resilient sheet goods, ceramic tile, wood flooring, wall covering, synthetic flooring material, cove base, a laminate, linoleum, a wall panel, a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), or floor covering padding. 
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein the substrate comprises Styrofoam, textile fabrics, natural and synthetic fibers, Formica, wood, metals, fiberglass, concrete, sheet rock, masonry materials, plastic, vinyl, glass, leather, or rubber. 
     
     
         44 . A method for adhering an article to a substrate, comprising (a) applying the adhesive of  claim 25  to the surface of the substrate to produce a coated substrate and (b) applying the article to coated substrate. 
     
     
         45 . A method for adhering homogeneous linoleum to a substrate comprising (a) applying an adhesive comprising an acrylic polymer having a glass transition temperature less than −20° C. to the substrate, and (b) applying the homogeneous linoleum to coated substrate. 
     
     
         46 . The method of  claim 45 , wherein the adhesive has a single acrylic polymer.