Burner for reducing wall wear in a melter

Abstract

A combustion gas flow for an atmosphere of a melter includes a first gas flow at a first velocity introduced into the atmosphere, and a second gas flow at a second velocity less than the first velocity introduced into the atmosphere for entraining corrosive or condensable vapors in the atmosphere and shrouding and inhibiting the first gas flow from entraining condensable or corrosive vapors at a higher rate than the second gas flow.

1 . A burner for reducing wear on a wall of a melter, comprising:
 a first flow path extending through the wall into a combustion atmosphere of the melter, the first flow path providing a fuel stream surrounded by an oxidant stream for providing a first jet with a first velocity in the combustion atmosphere;   a second flow path about the first flow path and extending through the wall into the combustion atmosphere, the second flow path being entrained into the first flow path for providing a second jet with a second velocity less than the first velocity to entrain material from an adjacent region of the combustion atmosphere proximate the wall into the second jet at a reduced rate and shroud and inhibit the first jet from entraining material from the adjacent region of the combustion atmosphere proximate the wall to reduce chemical wear, abrasion and deposition on the wall.   
   
   
       2 . The burner according to  claim 1 , wherein the oxidant stream comprises at least one of oxygen-enriched air, non-pure oxygen or industrially pure oxygen; and the fuel stream comprises a gaseous fuel selected from at least one of methane, natural gas, liquefied natural gas, propane, liquefied propane gas, butane, low BTU gases, town gas, producer gas or mixtures thereof. 
   
   
       3 . The burner according to  claim 1 , wherein the oxidant stream comprises at least one of oxygen-enriched air, non-pure oxygen and industrially pure oxygen; and the fuel stream comprises a liquid fuel selected from at least one of heavy fuel oil, medium fuel oil, light fuel oil, kerosene, diesel or mixtures thereof. 
   
   
       4 . The burner according to  claim 1 , wherein the oxidant stream comprises at least one of oxygen-enriched air, non-pure oxygen and industrially pure oxygen; and the fuel stream comprises a particulate fuel selected from at least one of coal, coke, petroleum coke, rubber, woodchips, sawdust, straw, biomass fuels or mixtures thereof suspended in a carrier gas stream, the carrier gas stream comprising at least one of air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a gaseous fuel. 
   
   
       5 . The burner according to  claim 4 , wherein the gaseous fuel comprises at least one of methane, natural gas, liquefied natural gas, propane, liquefied propane gas, butane, low BTU gases, town gas, producer gas or mixtures thereof. 
   
   
       6 . The burner according to  claim 1 , wherein the second jet comprises an oxidant selected from at least one of oxygen-enriched air, non-pure oxygen or industrially pure oxygen. 
   
   
       7 . The burner according to  claim 1 , wherein the second flow path is constructed and arranged to surround the first flow path. 
   
   
       8 . The burner according to claim,  1  wherein the first and second flow paths are coaxial. 
   
   
       9 . The burner according to  claim 1 , further comprising a first passageway for containing the first flow path, and a second passageway for containing the second flow path. 
   
   
       10 . The burner according to  claim 1 , wherein the first velocity and the second velocity are within 10-50 percent of each other. 
   
   
       11 . The burner according to  claim 1 , wherein the second jet comprises 10-50 percent of a total amount of oxidant supplied to the burner. 
   
   
       12 . A combustion gas flow for an atmosphere of a melter, comprising a first gas flow at a first velocity introduced into the atmosphere, and a second gas flow at a second velocity less than the first velocity introduced into the atmosphere for entraining corrosive or condensable vapors in the atmosphere and shrouding the first gas flow from entraining corrosive or condensable vapors from the surrounding atmosphere at a higher rate than the second gas flow. 
   
   
       13 . A method of reducing wear on a wall of a melter, comprising:
 providing a first flow at a first velocity into a combustion atmosphere of the melter;   providing a second flow at a second velocity less than the first velocity into the combustion atmosphere of the melter;   shrouding the first flow with the second flow to entrain material in the combustion atmosphere adjacent the wall into the second flow and prevent the first flow from entraining material in the combustion atmosphere adjacent the wall at a higher rate than the second flow.   
   
   
       14 . The method according to  claim 13 , wherein the first flow comprises a fuel stream surrounded by an oxidant stream. 
   
   
       15 . The method according to  claim 14 , wherein the fuel stream comprises a gaseous fuel selected from at least one of methane, natural gas, liquefied natural gas, propane, liquefied propane gas, butane, low BTU gases, town gas, producer gas or mixtures thereof. 
   
   
       16 . The method according to  claim 14 , wherein the fuel stream comprises a liquid fuel selected from at least one of heavy fuel oil, medium fuel oil, light fuel oil, kerosene, diesel or mixtures thereof. 
   
   
       17 . The method according to  claim 14 , wherein the fuel stream comprises a particulate fuel selected from at least one of coal, coke, petroleum coke, rubber, woodchips, sawdust, straw, biomass fuels or mixtures thereof suspended in a carrier gas stream, the carrier gas stream comprising at least one of air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a gaseous fuel. 
   
   
       18 . The method according to  claim 17 , wherein the gaseous fuel comprises at least one of methane, natural gas, liquefied natural gas, propane, liquefied propane gas, butane, low BTU gases, town gas, producer gas or mixtures thereof. 
   
   
       19 . The method according to  claim 13 , wherein the second flow comprises an oxidant selected from at least one of oxygen-enriched air, non-pure oxygen or industrially pure oxygen. 
   
   
       20 . The method according to  claim 13 , further comprising containing the first flow in a first conduit external to the combustion atmosphere, and the second flow in a second conduit external to the combustion atmosphere.